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With In 2019, UNESCO inscribed the exception of one Divine Liturgy Byzantine chant in 1919 during the British, French, Italian, and Greek occupation Representative List of Istanbul after the fall Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Ottoman Empire, the building has been a mosque or a museum to this day (2023)Humanity.[37]
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Eastern Orthodoxy traces its roots to the time of the Gospels.
====Dawn of the Byzantine Period (4th Century)====
The Roman Empire was split into the western and eastern empires.
The Eastern Roman Empire, by edic from the Emperor Constantin the Great, officially declares Christianity as a legally permitted religion in 313.
Orthodox was established as the State Religion for what would later be called the Byzantine Empire with the First Council of Constantinople in 381.[1]
After the schism with the [[Roman Catholic Church]] in the 11th century, Constantinople would be for the Eastern Orthodox Church as the Vatican is for the Roman Catholic Church.
====Chalcedonian Schism (5th Century)====
Primarily due to differing viewpoints of the dogmatic definitions from the [[Council of Chalcedon ]] in 451, the [[Oriental Orthodox]] broke away from the Eastern Orthodox faith. The Oriental Orthodox Faiths are the following: [12]
* [[Coptic Orthodox Church]]
====Construction of the Hagia Sofia (6th Century)====
The Church of the Holy Wisdom, or Hagia Sophia,[23] was constructed in Constantinople, what is now Istanbul.
The Hagia Sophia was to the Eastern Orthodox faithful as Saint Peter's Cathedral in Rome is to the Roman Catholic faithful.
In the 9th century, Bulgaria became an Eastern Orthodox nation and neighboring nations began to follow Bulgaria's conversion.[2]
====Schism with the Roman Catholic Faith (11th Century)====
History tends to place 1054 as the date of the schism between the [[Roman Catholic Church]] and the Eastern Orthodox Church.
====The Ottoman Empire's Rule over Constantinople (15th century)====
With the Ottoman Empire's invasion of the Byzantium Empire, the Hagia Sofia was converted into a mosque in 1453.
With the exception of one Divine Liturgy in 1919 during the British, French, Italian, and Greek occupation of Istanbul after the fall of the Ottoman Empire, the building has been a mosque or a museum to this day (2023).[4] ====The Ottoman Period====Under the rule of the Islamic Ottoman Empire, Christians were considered essentially respected, but limited in traditional activities.In this setting, Christian leadership in Constantinople was allowed to carry on administration functions for Eastern Orthodox churches within the Ottoman Empire's invasion . The faith was allowed to continue. To make an analogy, it would if an Islamic empire took over Italy, but the pope and the Roman Catholic Church were still allowed to carry on general administration functions for Roman Catholic churches within the Islamic empire.[4] ====National Patriarchates====The following national churches are part of the Byzantium Eastern Orthodox Church:[6] Bulgarian Orthodox Church Georgian Orthodox Church Serbian Orthodox Church [[Russian Orthodox Church]] Romanian Orthodox Church Despite the Ottoman Empire ruling over Constantinople and what was the Byzantine Empire, the Hagia Sofia [[Russian Orthodox Church]], for example, was converted into a mosque not under the rule of an Islamic empire. Various empires rose and fell over 2,000 years. With the various national churches functioning in 1453the language of their nation, the risk of all Orthodox Churches being ruled by an oppressive empire at the same time is minimized. ====The Present Time====The Eastern Orthodox survived through adversity. In the process, it created 2000 years of religious heritage.
====References====
[1]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church#Byzantine_period [2]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Oriental_Orthodoxy [3]https://www.britannica.com/topic/Eastern-Orthodoxy/History [4]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagia_Sophia [5]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_music#
[26]https://wwwen.britannicawikipedia.comorg/topicwiki/Eastern-Orthodoxy/HistoryOrganization_of_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church#Autocephalous_Eastern_Orthodox_churches
[37]https://enich.wikipediaunesco.org/wikien/RL/Hagia_Sophiabyzantine-chant-01508