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__NOTOC__{{Infobox_Contents | ''Synopsis:'' topic_name = Koine is the Greek word for "common[[Image:Codex Alexandrinus Luke." Koine Greek was the form jpg|thumb|center|A copy of the Greek language used from around 300 BC [[Codex Alexandrinus]] opened to AD 300. The books of the [[New TestamentGospel of Luke]] were originally written in Koine Greek.]] | __TOC__{{topics}}* subtopics = [[Koine Greek: Dictionary|Dictionary]]* [[Greek]]
{{opinions}} ==Main article==Koine is the Greek word for "common." Koine Greek (also called New Testament Greek) was the form of the Greek language used from around 300 BC to AD 300. The books of the [[New Testament]] were originally written in Koine Greek. Koine Greek was the ''lingua franca'' (or the commonly used language of communication) in the Mediterranean and Middle Eastern for hundreds of years following the conquests of Alexander the Great, including during the time of the early church.
Koine is Claims have been made that the Greek word language of the New Testament confused many scholars for "commona period of time but this is not the case." Koine It was, however, sufficiently different from Classical Greek (also called New Testament that some hypothesized that it was a combination of Greek) , Hebrew, and Aramaic. An attempt was made to explain it as a "spiritual language," assuming that perhaps God created a special language just for the form [[Bible]]. But studies of [[Greek]] papyri found in [[Egypt]] over the past 120 years have shown that the Greek language used from around 300 BC to AD 300. The books of the [[New Testament]] were originally written manuscripts was the "common" (koine) language of the everyday people - the same as that used in Koine Greekthe writing of wills and private letters. In fact, Koine Greek was propagated through the ''lingua franca'' (or centuries by the Eastern Orthodox Church and was the commonly used language of communication) common in the Mediterranean and Middle Eastern for hundreds Byzantine Empire. Therefore, knowledge of years following the conquests language was never lost nor was the meaning of any of Alexander the Great, including during the time of vocabulary in doubt when reformation scholars began to translate from the early churchTextus Receptus.
For some time Koine Greek spread throughout the Mediterranean and Middle East as a result of the conquests of the Greek language armies of Alexander the New Testament confused many scholarsGreat. It was sufficiently different from Classical Greek that some hypothesized that it was a combination of Greek, Hebrew, and Aramaic. Others attempted to explain it served as a "Holy Ghost second language," assuming that perhaps God created a special language just for many people and had become the [[Bible]]. But studies language of [[Greek]] papyri found in [[Egypt]] over the past 120 years have shown that the Greek communication throughout much of the [[New Testament]] manuscripts was Roman Empire and beyond by the "common" (koine) language time of Jesus. It retained its role as the everyday people - lingua franca until the same as that used in the writing of wills and private lettersMiddle Ages.
Koine The New Testament being written in Greek had spread throughout the Mediterranean and Middle East instead of in [[Aramaic]] is sometimes used as ammunition by [[Atheism|Atheists]] against traditional authorship. However, writing in Aramaic would've likely been a result poor choice for the writers of the conquests New Testament since the language didn't have as widespread of the an influence as Greek armies of Alexander the Greatdid. It served as Aramaic was only spoken by Jews, but Greek had a second language for many large influence over people and who were east of [[Greece]] while [[Latin]] had become the language a larger influence over people west of communication throughout much Greece. The modern equivalent of Greek in the Roman Empire and beyond by 1st century would be English in the time 21st century as many of Jesus. It retained its role speakers most likely learned it as the lingua franca until the Middle Agestheir second language.
* [http://www.textkit.com/ Textkit - Learn Greek and Latin]
* [http://www.theopedia.com/Greek Theopedia - Greek]
{{returnto}} [[Category:Koine Greek]][[Category:Biblical languages]]
It's vice versa, Greek was more popular in the east while Latin was more popular in the west
* Lessons
** [[Koine Greek: Alphabet|Alphabet]]
** [[Koine Greek: PronunciationNouns|Nouns]], [[Koine Greek: Definite Article|PronuncitationDefinite Article]]** , [[Koine Greek: PunctuationPrepositions|PunctuationPrepositions]]** [[Koine Greek: NounsAdjectives|NounsAdjectives]] | , [[Koine Greek: Definite ArticleComparison|Definite ArticleComparison]]
** [[Koine Greek: Verbs|Verbs]]
** [[Koine Greek: AdjectivesParticiples|AdjectivesParticiples]]** [[Koine Greek: Adverbs|Adverbs]]** Miscellaneous topics*** [[Koine Greek: Crasis|Crasis]]*** [[Koine Greek: Questions|Questions]] |opinion_pieces = |}}{{greek_dictionary}}
===Bible===
The Old Testament was translated into Koine Greek between the third and first centuries before Christ. This translation is known as the [[Septuagint]], or simply, the "LXX". The New Testament books were originally written in Koine Greek. Below is part of a passage from the New Testament - [[John 1:1]]
* {{greek_verseBible verse|johnJohn|1|1|lang=Greek}}* Translation: ''{{web_verseBible verse|johnJohn|1|1|lang=WEB}}''
===Alphabet===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
| epsilon || ε || Ε || e || <u>e</u>psilon
|-
| zêta || ζ || Ζ || ''z'' if first letter, otherwise ''dz '' || <u>z</u>êta''or'' be<u>ds</u>
|-
| êta || |η || Η || e || ob<u>e</u>y
| thêta || θ || Θ || th || <u>th</u>êta
|-
| iota || ι || Ι || i ||spaghett<u>i</u>
|-
| kappa || κ || Κ || k || <u>k</u>appa
| xi || ξ || Ξ || x || a<u>x</u>iom
|-
| omicron || ο || Ο || o || p<u>o</u>micronnd
|-
| pi || π || Π || p || <u>p</u>i
| phi || φ || Φ || ph || <u>f</u>ather
|-
| chi || χ || Χ || ch || Ba<u>ch</u>
|-
| psi || ψ || Ψ || ps ||oo<u>ps</u>
|-
| omega || ω || Ω || o || <u>o</u>bey
|}
==Quotes=Diphthongs and ι-subscripts === {| class="wikitable"! Diphthong! Pronunciation|-! ΑΙ| 'ai' as in aisle|-! ΕΙ| 'ei' as in freight (identical to 'Η')|-! ΟΙ| 'oi' as in oil|-! ΑΥ| 'ow' as in sow|-! ΟΥ| 'oo' as in fool|-! ΥΙ| 'ooe' as in gooey|-! ΕΥ| '''*'''|} : '''*''' 'ευ' is both hard and controversial. There is some evidence to suggest that is was pronounced 'ew' (as in "Ew, that's gross!") or simply 'yu'. What has been taught for ages, however, is 'eh-oo', as sound not present in English. There are also version of several vowels with a small iota underneath (or beside in the case of capitols): ᾼ ᾳ, ῌ ῃ, ῼ ῳ. It is believed that these represent ancient diphthongs, but the pronunciation is not altered in the time of any Greek writing we can know.: ''We have chosen not to include ι-subscripts on '''WikiChristian''', partly because most browsers display them incorrectly.'' === Accents and Breathing === There are three possible accents that can be put on Greek vowels: the acute <big>´</big>, the grave (pronounces 'grahv') <big>`</big> and the circumflex. The circumflex should like an upside crescent over the vowel, but some fonts use the caron (<big>^</big>) or even the tilde (<big>~</big>). It is thought the these different symbols represented rising and falling pitch, like modern Chinese, but by the time of our literature, they only indicate accent or stress. * ἀρχῇ - ar'''xē'''* λόγος - '''lo'''gos Over the initial syllable of word that begins with a vowel, there will always be either a rough (<big>‘</big>) or a smooth (<big>’</big>) breathing sign. Rough means a 'h' sound and smooth means a lack of extra sound. A 'Ρ' (Rho), in the initial position, also taking a breathing sign, typically the rough. How precisely this altered pronunciation is not known. : ''We also do not include accents here on '''WikiChristian''', since it would make searches extremely difficult, and also, because most browsers don't render them correctly.'' ===Resources=== There a many resources available for the study of the Bible in Koine Greek. There are numerous ancient manuscripts containing parts or all of the New Testament. Not all of these manuscripts are identical for a variety of reasons. For example, sometimes a scribe copying an older manuscript would make a spelling or grammatical error. The German Bible Society produces a work that contains what a number of well known scholars believe is the most likely representation of the original New Testament, known as the NA27 or the UBS4 version. The language itself is studied widely throughout theological colleges. Well known textbooks include the series by [[William Mounce]]. Numerous internet resources also exist.
==Links==
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koine_Greek Wikipedia - Koine Greek]
* [http://ntgateway.com/ NT Gateway]
* [http://www.scripture4all.org/OnlineInterlinear/Greek_Index.htm Online Interlineal Greek-English Bible New Testament]
* [http://scripturetext.com/ Scripturetext.com - Scripture versions and word-for-word Greek translation at Biblos.com]
{{returnto}} [[Christianity]] -> [[Bible]] -> [[Translating the Bible]]
