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''In brief'': The Pope is the Catholic bishop and patriarch of Rome, and head of the [[Roman Catholicism|Roman Catholic Church]]. In addition to this spiritual role, the Pope is also head of the independent, sovereign [[Vatican City|State of the Vatican City]], a city-state entirely surrounded by the city of Rome. The office of the Pope is informally called the Papacy and formally called the Pontificate; his ecclesiastical jurisdiction is called the Holy See (''Sancta Sedes''). Catholics worldwide consider each pope to be [[Jesus]]' representative on Earth. The current Pope is Benedict XVI.