|
|
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| − | In [[Pentecostal]] [[theology]], the '''Baptism of the Holy Spirit''' is a second baptism, "in fire," spoken of by [[Jesus]] in the [[Gospels]]. Specifically, it refers to the experience of [[Pentecost]] described in the Book of Acts. In most mainstream Christian churches, Pentecost is seen as a single act that spread out the [[Holy Spirit]] or ''paraklete'' onto all believers. Individuals thereafter might or might not have similar experiences, but the single event of Pentecost itself was sufficient for all time and to ensure that all future [[baptism]]s would convey the gift of [[grace]].
| + | {{summary | text=}} |
| | | | |
| − | However, a belief in a personal experience of revelation and renewal has been a feature of [[Protestantism|Protestant]] churches since the time of [[John Calvin]], and a number of Protestant churches have adopted beliefs that might be generally called ''pentecostal'' or ''charismatic''. For these churches, believers ''must'' experience a gift of the Holy Spirit, either after or even before regular baptism with water.
| + | {{overview}} |
| | | | |
| − | In contemporary theology, there is a divergence between the two main strains of pentecostal believers, with some organized as [[Pentecostal]] and others as [[Charismatic]] churches. Both believe that the ''baptism of the Holy Spirit'' is spoken of by Jesus in Luke 11:13 and also Acts 1:5 and that it was the outpouring of the Holy Spirit prophesied in the [[Old Testament]] books of Ezekiel (36:27) and Joel (2:28-29). Both of these strains of Protestantism diverge from other churches in the essential nature of grace and what grace is granted without an individualized experience of the Holy Spirit.
| + | {{topics}} |
| | + | * [[Speaking in tongues]] |
| | | | |
| − | == Pentecostal/Charismatic View ==
| + | {{opinions}} |
| | | | |
| − | Charismatics and Pentecostals both point to Ephesians 5:18, where [[St. Paul of Tarsus]] urges his audience to "''be filled with the Spirit''" using an imperative mood verb. Pentecostals see this as a gift and an experience different from that of [[salvation]], yet which follows salvation. Whereas other churches have seen being filled with the Holy Spirit to require piety and grace, Pentecostals and Charismatics have seen it as a requirement that all who are saved must have a pentecostal experience.
| + | {{quotes}} |
| − | | |
| − | Charismatics and Pentecostals differ from one another in the evidence they require for proof of baptism in the Holy Spirit. Charismatics will look for the "fruit of the spirit" spoken of in Galatians 5:22-25, and the Pentecostals will look for [[Speaking in tongues|speaking in tongues]], prophecy, and other "gifts of the spirit" described in Acts 2:1-4.
| |
| − | | |
| − | This was, according to Pentecostals, the normal experience of all in the early [[Church]]. With it comes the endowment of power for life and service, the bestowment of the gifts and their uses in the work of the ministry (Luke 24:29; Acts 1:4-8; 1 Corinthians 12:1-31).
| |
| − | | |
| − | Not ''all'' [[Evangelicalism|evangelical]] Pentecostal churches would accept that all Christians '''receive''' the [[Holy Spirit]] at the time of their conversion or baptism, but in the more traditional [[Evangelicalism|evangelical]] point of view, and in non-evangelical churches, the '''Baptism in the Holy Spirit''' is equated with this reception. Others, even outside the Pentecostal church, consider the Baptism of the Holy Spirit as a separate experience. Even among those who accept this, opinion is divided as to whether all those who receive the Baptism also receive the gift of tongues.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Both Pentecostal and Charismatic churches regard the ''baptism of the Holy Spirit'' to be requisite for the apostolic and evangelical mission that they believe is the duty of all Christians.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Other relevant [[Bible]] passages include Acts 8:14-17, Acts 2:1-13.
| |
| − | | |
| − | == Development of the Term ==
| |
| − | | |
| − | [[John Wesley]] spoke of the ''baptism of the Holy Spirit'' but his followers, the [[Methodism|Methodists]], have historically disagreed about how Wesley defined this baptism. While "mainstream" Methodists (such as The [[United Methodist Church]] and its precedent bodies) have tended to agree with most Christians in the belief that the Holy Spirit is conveyed in some manner to all people, and certainly all Christians (see [[Prevenient Grace]]), other Wesleyans have argued that Wesley was referring to [[Entire sanctification]], the belief that after one's sins are forgiven, a Christian can be actually cleansed of sinful corruption. These Wesleyans founded the [[Holiness movement]] and are today found in the [[Church of the Nazarene]], the [[Salvation Army]], and other denominations.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Members of the Holiness churches have also referred to the ''baptism of the Holy Spirit'' as a "second blessing" or "second work of grace". This language and practice eventually evolved into the modern [[Pentecostalism|Pentecostal]] movement, and Pentecostals adapated the Holiness usage of the term as they understood it.
| |
| | | | |
| | {{returnto}} [[Baptism]] | [[Pentecostalism]] | [[Pentecost]] | | {{returnto}} [[Baptism]] | [[Pentecostalism]] | [[Pentecost]] |
