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(3.) The second son of [[Samuel (EBD)|Samuel]] (1 Sam. 8:2; 1 Chr. 6:28). His conduct, along with that of his [[Brother (EBD)|brother]], as a [[Judge (EBD)|judge]] in [[Beersheba (EBD)|Beer-sheba]], to which office his father had appointed him, led to popular discontent, and ultimately provoked the people to demand a royal form of government.
(4.) A descendant of [[Eleazar(EBD)|Eleazar]], the son of [[Aaron (EBD)|Aaron]], a chief of one of the twenty-four orders into which the priesthood was divided by [[David (EBD)|David]] (1 Chr. 24:10). The order of Abijah was one of those which did not return from the [[Captivity (EBD)|Captivity]] (Ezra 2:36-39; Neh. 7:39-42; 12:1).
(5.) The son of [[Rehoboam (EBD)|Rehoboam]], whom he succeeded on the [[Throne (EBD)|throne]] of [[Judah (EBD)|Judah]] (1 Chr. 3:10). He is also called [[Abijam (EBD)|Abijam]] (1 Kings 14:31; 15:1-8). He began his three years' reign (2 Chr. 12:16; 13:1,2) with a strenuous but unsuccessful effort to bring back the ten [[Tribe (EBD)|tribes]] to their allegiance. His address to "[[Jeroboam (EBD)|Jeroboam]] and all [[Israel (EBD)|Israel]]," before encountering them in battle, is worthy of being specially noticed (2 Chr. 13:5-12). It was a very bloody battle, no fewer than 500,000 of the army of Israel having perished on the field. He is described as having walked "in all the sins of his father" (1 Kings 15:3; 2 Chr. 11:20-22). It is said in 1 Kings 15:2 that "his mother's name was [[Maachah (EBD)|Maachah]], the daughter of Abishalom;" but in 2 Chr. 13:2 we read, "his mother's name was [[Michaiah (EBD)|Michaiah]], the daughter of [[Uriel (EBD)|Uriel]] of [[Gibeah (EBD)|Gibeah]]." The explanation is that Maachah is just a variation of the name Michaiah, and that Abishalom is probably the same as [[Absalom (EBD)|Absalom]], the son of David. It is probable that "Uriel of Gibeah" [[Marriage (EBD)|married]] [[Tamar (EBD)|Tamar]], the daughter of Absalom (2 Sam. 14:27), and by her had Maachah. The word "daughter" in 1 Kings 15:2 will thus, as it frequently elsewhere does, mean grand-daughter.
