administrator, Bureaucrats, bureaucrats, checkuser, editor, emailconfirmed, move, Administrators
3,293
edits
Changes
Created page with "{{Infobox_Contents | topic_name = Matthew Henry Concise Bible Commentary : Numbers | subtopics = Moses | opinion_pieces = {{short_opinions}} * Text:EBD:Numbers, Book of|..."
{{Infobox_Contents |
topic_name = Matthew Henry Concise Bible Commentary : Numbers |
subtopics = [[Moses]] |
opinion_pieces = {{short_opinions}}
* [[Text:EBD:Numbers, Book of|Easton's Bible Dictionary entry on Numbers]] |
}}
Read the book of [[Numbers]] from the [[Holy Bible|Bible]]
{{chapters}}
[[Numbers 1|1]]
[[Numbers 2|2]]
[[Numbers 3|3]]
[[Numbers 4|4]]
[[Numbers 5|5]]
[[Numbers 6|6]]
[[Numbers 7|7]]
[[Numbers 8|8]]
[[Numbers 9|9]]
[[Numbers 10|10]]
[[Numbers 11|11]]
[[Numbers 12|12]]
[[Numbers 13|13]]
[[Numbers 14|14]]
[[Numbers 15|15]]
[[Numbers 16|16]]
[[Numbers 17|17]]
[[Numbers 18|18]]
[[Numbers 19|19]]
[[Numbers 20|20]]
[[Numbers 21|21]]
[[Numbers 22|22]]
[[Numbers 23|23]]
[[Numbers 24|24]]
[[Numbers 25|25]]
[[Numbers 26|26]]
[[Numbers 27|27]]
[[Numbers 28|28]]
[[Numbers 29|29]]
[[Numbers 30|30]]
[[Numbers 31|31]]
[[Numbers 32|32]]
[[Numbers 33|33]]
[[Numbers 34|34]]
[[Numbers 35|35]]
[[Numbers 36|36]]
==Commentary==
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 1|1]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 2|2]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 3|3]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 4|4]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 5|5]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 6|6]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 7|7]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 8|8]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 9|9]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 10|10]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 11|11]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 12|12]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 13|13]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 14|14]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 15|15]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 16|16]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 17|17]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 18|18]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 19|19]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 20|20]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 21|21]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 22|22]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 23|23]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 24|24]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 25|25]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 26|26]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 27|27]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 28|28]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 29|29]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 30|30]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 31|31]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 32|32]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 33|33]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 34|34]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 35|35]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 36|36]]
{{mhc import}}
[[Numbers]]
'''Commentary on the book of Numbers'''
(1-51)
The division of the land.
(52-56)
Number of the [[Levites]].
(57-62)
None remaining of the first numbering.
(63-65)
'''Verses''' 1-51
[[Moses]] did not number the people but when [[God]] commanded him. We have here the families registered, as well as the tribes. The total was nearly the same as when numbered at mount Sinai. Notice is here taken of the [[children]] of Korah; they died not, as the [[children]] of Dathan and Abiram; they seem not to have joined even their own father in rebellion. If we partake not of the sins of sinners, we shall not partake of their plagues. (Nu 26:52-56)
'''Verses''' 52-56
In distributing these tribes, the general rule of equity is prescribed; that to many should be given more, and to fewer less. Though it seems left to the prudence of their prince, the matter at last must be settled by the providence of [[God]], with which all must be satisfied.
'''Verses''' 57-62
Levi was [[God]]'s tribe; therefore it was not numbered with the rest, but alone. It came not under the sentence, that none of them should enter [[Canaan]] excepting Caleb and [[Joshua]].
'''Verses''' 63-65
The execution of the sentence passed on the murmurers, chap. 14:29, is observable. There was not one man numbered now, who was numbered then, but Caleb and [[Joshua]]. Here appeared the righteousness of [[God]], and his faithfulness to his threatenings. Especially observe the truth of [[God]], in performing his promise to Caleb and [[Joshua]]. Death makes awful havoc of the human species, and causes surprising changes in families and nations; yet all is appointed in perfect wisdom, justice, and truth, by the [[Lord]] himself. This should stir us up to think upon the hateful nature of [[sin]], the cause of all these devastations. We should renew our repentance, seek forgiveness, value the [[salvation]] of [[Christ]], remember how frail we are, prepare for the summons of death, and fill up our days in serving our generation according to the will of [[God]].
----
'''Chapter''' 27
''Chapter Outline''
The daughters of Zelophehad apply for an inheritance, The law of inheritances.
(1-11)
[[Moses]] warned of his death.
(12-14)
[[Joshua]] appointed to succeed [[Moses]].
(15-23)
'''Verses''' 1-11
The five daughters of Zelophehad considered themselves as left destitute, having neither father nor brother to inherit any land. Their believing expectation that the word of the [[Lord]] would be performed in due season, and their desire of an interest in the promised inheritance; and the modest, candid manner in which they asked, without secret murmurs or discontents, are a good example. They ask for a possession in the land of Canaan. Herein they discovered, 1. Strong [[faith]] in the power and promise of [[God]], concerning the giving of the land of [[Canaan]] to [[Israel]]. 2. And earnest desire of a place and name in the land of promise, which was a type of heaven. 3. Respect and honour for their father, whose name was dear to them now he was gone. He never had done any thing that might bar his children's claim. It is a comfort to parents when they come to die, if though they have smarted for their own [[sin]], yet they are not conscious of any of those iniquities which [[God]] will visit on their children. [[God]] himself gives judgment. He takes notice of the affairs, not only of nations, but of private families, and orders them according to his will. The petition is granted. Those who seek an inheritance in the land of promise, shall have what they seek for, and other things shall be added to them.
'''Verses''' 12-14
[[Moses]] must die, but he shall have the satisfaction of seeing the land of promise. This sight of [[Canaan]] signified his believing prospect of the better country, that is, the heavenly. [[Moses]] must die, but death does not cut him off; it only brings him to rest with the holy patriarchs. It is but to die as they died, having lived as they lived; and as their end was [[peace]], why should we [[fear]] any evil in the passage of that dark valley? (Nu 27:15-23)
'''Verses''' 15-23
Envious spirits do not [[love]] their successors; but [[Moses]] was not one of these. We should concern ourselves, both in our [[prayer]]s and in our endeavours, for the rising generation, that [[religion]] may be maintained and advanced, when we are in our graves. [[God]] appoints a successor, even [[Joshua]]; who had signalized himself by his courage in fighting Amalek, his humility in ministering to [[Moses]], and his [[faith]] and sincerity in witnessing against the report of the evil spies. This man [[God]] appoints to succeed [[Moses]]; a man in whom is the [[Spirit]], the [[Spirit]] of grace. He is a good man, fearing [[God]] and hating covetousness, and acting from principle. He has the spirit of government; he is fit to do the work and discharge the trusts of his place. He has a spirit of conduct and courage; he had also the [[Spirit]] of prophecy. That man is not fully qualified for any service in the [[church]] of [[Christ]], who is destitute of the graces and gifts of the [[Holy Spirit]], whatever human abilities he may possess. And in [[Joshua]]'s succession we are reminded "that the law was given by [[Moses]]," who by reason of our transgression could not bring us to heaven; but "[[grace]] and truth came by [[Jesus]] [[Christ]]," for the [[salvation]] of every [[believer]].
----
'''Chapter''' 28
''Chapter Outline''
Offerings, The daily sacrifice.
(1-8)
The offering on the sabbath and new moons.
(9-15)
Offerings at the passover, and on the day of first-fruits.
(16-31)
'''Verses''' 1-8
[[God]] saw fit now to repeat the law of sacrifices. This was a new generation of men; and they were concerned to keep their [[peace]] with [[God]] when at war with their enemies. The daily sacrifice is called a continual burnt-offering; when we are bid to pray always, at least every morning and evening we should offer up solemn [[prayer]]s and praises to [[God]]. Nothing is added here but that the wine poured out in the drink-offering is to be strong wine, to teach us to serve [[God]] with the best we have. It was a figure of the blood of [[Christ]], the memorial of which is still left to the [[church]] in wine; and of the blood of the martyrs, which was poured out as a drink-offering on the sacrifice and service of our faith, Php 2:17.
'''Verses''' 9-15
Every sabbath day, beside the two lambs offered for the daily burnt-offering, there must be two more offered. This teaches us to double our devotions on sabbath days, for so the duty of the day requires. The sabbath rest is to be observed, in order more closely to apply ourselves to the sabbath work, which ought to fill up the sabbath time. The offerings in the new moons showed thankfulness for the renewing of earthly blessings: when we [[rejoice]] in the gifts of providence, we must make the sacrifice of [[Christ]], that great gift of special grace, the fountain and spring-head of our joy. And the worship performed in the new moons is made typical of [[gospel]] solemnities, Isa 66:23. As the moon borrows light from the sun, and is renewed by its influences; so the [[church]] borrows her light from [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], who is the Sun of righteousness, renewing the state of the [[church]], especially under the [[gospel]]. (Nu 28:16-31)
'''Verses''' 16-31
By the sacrifices enjoined in this Chapter, we are reminded of the continued power of the sacrifice of [[Christ]], and of our continual need to depend thereon. No hurrying employments, or perilous situations, or prosperous circumstances, should cause slackness in our religious exercises; but should rather stir us up to greater diligence in seeking help from, or giving thanks to the [[Lord]]. And all is to be accompanied with repentance, [[faith]] is the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]], and [[love]] to him, and to produce true [[holiness]] in our conduct towards all men; otherwise [[God]] will abhor our most solemn services and abundant devotions. And Christ is able to supply the wants of every day, every week, every month, every year, every ordinance, every case.
----
'''Chapter''' 29
''Chapter Outline''
The offering at the feats of trumpets, and on the day of atonement.
(1-11)
Offerings at the feast of tabernacles.
(12-40)
'''Verses''' 1-11
There were more sacred solemnities in the seventh month than in any other. It was the space between harvest and seed-time. The more leisure we have from the pressing occupations of this life, the more time we should spend in the immediate service of [[God]]. The blowing of the trumpets was appointed, Le 22:24. Here they are directed what sacrifices to offer on that day. Those who would know the mind of [[God]] in the Scriptures, must compare one part with another. The latter discoveries of [[Divine]] light explain what was dark, and supply what was wanting, in the former, that the man of [[God]] may be perfect.
'''Verses''' 12-40
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to [[rejoice]] before the [[Lord]]. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of [[God]]'s service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sacrifices; while we are here in a tabernacle state, it is our interest, as well as our duty, constantly to keep up communion with [[God]]. The sacrifices for each of the seven days are appointed. Every day there must be a sin-offering, as in the other feasts. Our burnt-offerings of praise cannot be accepted of [[God]], unless we have an interest in the great sacrifice which [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] offered, when he made himself a Sin-offering for us. And no extraordinary services should put aside stated devotions. Every thing here reminds us of our sinfulness. The life that we live in the flesh must be by the [[faith]] of the Son of [[God]]; until we go to be with him, to behold his glory, and praise his [[mercy]], who hath loved us and washed us from our sins in his own blood. To whom be honour and [[glory]] for ever. [[Text:EBD:Amen|Amen]].
----
'''Chapter''' 30
''Chapter Outline''
Vows to be kept.
(1, 2)
The cases wherein vows might be released.
(3-16)
'''Verses''' 1, 2
No man can be bound by his own promise to do what he is already, by the [[Divine]] precept, forbidden to do. In other matters the command is, that he shall not break his words, through he may change his mind.
'''Verses''' 3-16
Two cases of vows are determined. The case of a daughter in her father's house. When her vow comes to his knowledge, it is in his power either to confirm it or do it away. The law is plain in the case of a wife. If her husband allows her vow, though only by silence, it stands. If he disallows it, her obligation to her husband takes place of it; for to him she ought to be in subjection, as unto the [[Lord]]. The Divine law consults the good order of families. It is fit that every man should bear rule in his own house, and have his wife and [[children]] in subjection; rather than that this great rule should be broken, or any encouragement be given to inferior relations to break those bonds asunder, [[God]] releases the obligation even of a solemn vow. So much does [[religion]] secure the welfare of all societies; and in it the families of the earth have a blessing.
----
'''Chapter''' 31
''Chapter Outline''
War with Midian.
(1-6)
Balaam slain.
(7-12)
Those slain who caused sin.
(13-38)
Purification of the [[Israelites]].
(39-24)
Division of the spoil.
(25-47)
Offerings.
(48-54)
'''Verses''' 1-6
All who, without commission from [[God]], dare to execute private revenge, and who, from ambition, covetousness, or resentment, wage war and desolate kingdoms, must one day answer for it. But if [[God]], instead of sending an earthquake, a pestilence, or a famine, be pleased to authorize and command any people to avenge his cause, such a commission surely is just and right. The [[Israelites]] could show such a commission, though no persons now can do so. Their wars were begun and carried on expressly by [[Divine]] direction, and they were enabled to conquer by [[miracle]]s. Unless it can be proved that the wicked [[Canaanites]] did not deserve their doom, objectors only prove their dislike to [[God]], and their [[love]] to his enemies. Man makes light of the evil of [[sin]], but [[God]] abhors it. This explains the terrible executions of the nations which had filled the measure of their sins.
'''Verses''' 7-12
The [[Israelites]] slew the Kings of Midian. They slew Balaam. [[God]]'s overruling providence brought him thither, and their just vengeance found him. Had he himself rightly believed what he had said of the happy state of [[Israel]], he would not have thus herded with the enemies of [[Israel]]. The [[Midianites]]' wicked wiles were Balaam's projects: it was just that he should perish with them, Ho 4:5. They took the women and [[children]] captives. They burnt their cities and castles, and returned to the camp.
'''Verses''' 13-18
The sword of war should spare women and children; but the sword of justice should know no distinction, but that of guilty or not guilty. This war was the execution of a righteous sentence upon a guilty nation, in which the women were the worst criminals. The female [[children]] were spared, who, being brought up among the [[Israelites]], would not tempt them to [[idolatry]]. The whole history shows the hatefulness of [[sin]], and the guilt of tempting others; it teaches us to avoid all occasions of evil, and to give no quarter to inward lusts. The women and [[children]] were not kept for sinful purposes, but for slaves, a custom every where practised in former times, as to captives. In the course of providence, when famine and plagues visit a nation for [[sin]], [[children]] suffer in the common calamity. In this case parents are punished in their children; and for [[children]] dying before actual [[sin]], full provision is made as to their eternal happiness, by the [[mercy]] of [[God]] in [[Christ]].
'''Verses''' 19-24
The [[Israelites]] had to purify themselves according to the law, and to abide without the camp seven days, though they had not contracted any moral guilt, the war being just and lawful, and commanded by [[God]]. Thus [[God]] would preserve in their minds a dread and detestation of shedding blood. The spoil had been used by [[Midianites]], and being now come into the possession of [[Israelites]], it was fit that it should be purified.
'''Verses''' 25-47
Whatever we have, [[God]] justly claims a part. Out of the people's share [[God]] required one in fifty, but out of the soldiers' share only one in five hundred. The less opportunity we have of honouring [[God]] with personal services, the more should we give in money or value.
'''Verses''' 48-54
The success of the [[Israelites]] had been very remarkable, so small a company overcoming such multitudes, but it was still more wonderful that not one was slain or missing. They presented the gold they found among the spoils, as an offering to the [[Lord]]. Thus they confessed, that instead of claiming a reward for their service, they needed forgiveness of much that had been amiss, and desired to be thankful for the preservation of their lives, which might justly have been taken away.
----
'''Chapter''' 32
''Chapter Outline''
The tribes of Reuben and Gad request an inheritance on the east of Jordan.
(1-5)
[[Moses]] reproves the Reubenites and Gadites.
(6-15)
They explain their views, [[Moses]] consents.
(16-27)
They take possession of the land to the east of Jordan.
(28-42)
'''Verses''' 1-5
Here is a proposal made by the Reubenites and Gadites, that the land lately conquered might be allotted to them. Two things common in the [[world]] might lead these tribes to make this choice; the lust of the eye, and the pride of life. There was much amiss in the principle they went upon; they consulted their own private convenience more than the public good. Thus to the present time, many seek their own things more than the things of [[Jesus]] Christ; and are led by worldly interests and advantages to take up short of the heavenly Canaan.
'''Verses''' 6-15
The proposal showed disregard to the land of Canaan, distrust of the [[Lord]]'s promise, and unwillingness to encounter the difficulties and dangers of conquering and driving out the inhabitants of that land. [[Moses]] is wroth with them. It will becomes any of [[God]]'s [[Israel]] to sit down unconcerned about the difficult and perilous concerns of their brethren, whether public or personal. He reminds them of the fatal consequences of the unbelief and faint-heartedness of their fathers, when they were, as themselves, just ready to enter Canaan. If men considered as they ought what would be the end of [[sin]], they would be afraid of the beginning of it.
'''Verses''' 16-27
Here is the good effect of plain dealing. [[Moses]], by showing their [[sin]], and the danger of it, brought them to their duty, without murmuring or disputing. All men ought to consider the interests of others as well as their own; the law of [[love]] requires us to labour, venture, or suffer for each other as there may be occasion. They propose that their men of war should go ready armed before the [[children]] of [[Israel]] into the land of Canaan, and that they should not return till the conquest of Canaan was ended. [[Moses]] grants their request, but he warns them of the danger of breaking their word. If you fail, you [[sin]] against the [[Lord]], and not against your brethren only; [[God]] will certainly reckon with you for it. Be sure your [[sin]] will find you out. Sin will surely find out the sinner sooner or later. It concerns us now to find our sins out, that we may repent of them, and forsake them, lest they find us out to our ruin.
'''Verses''' 28-42
Concerning the settlement of these tribes, observe, that they built the cities, that is, repaired them. They changed the names of them; probably they were idolatrous, therefore they should be forgotten. A spirit of selfishness, of seeking our own, not the things of [[Christ]], when each one ought to assist others, is as dangerous as it is common. It is impossible to be sincere in the faith, sensible of the goodness of [[God]], constrained by the [[love]] of [[Christ]], sanctified by the power of the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]], and yet be indifferent to the progress of [[religion]], and the spiritual success of others, through [[love]] of ease, or [[fear]] of conflict. Let then your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father which is in heaven.
----
'''Chapter''' 33
''Chapter Outline''
Encampments of the [[Israelites]].
(1-49)
The [[Canaanites]] to be destroyed.
(50-56)
'''Verses''' 1-49
This is a brief review of the travels of the [[children]] of [[Israel]] through the wilderness. It is a memorable history. In their travels towards [[Canaan]] they were continually on the remove. Such is our state in this world; we have here no continuing city, and all our removes in this [[world]] are but from one part a desert to another. They were led to and fro, forward and backward, yet were all the while under the direction of the pillar of cloud and fire. [[God]] led them about, yet led them the right way. The way [[God]] takes in bringing his people to himself is always the best way, though it does not always seem to us the nearest way. Former events are mentioned. Thus we ought to keep in mind the providences of [[God]] concerning us and families, us and our land, and the many instances of that [[Divine]] care which has led us, and fed us, and kept us all our days hitherto. Few periods of our lives can be thought upon, without reminding us of the [[Lord]]'s goodness, and our own ingratitude and disobedience: his kindness leaves us without excuse for our sins. We could not wish to travel over again the stages we have passed, unless we could hope, by the [[grace]] of [[God]], to shun the sins we then committed, and to embrace such opportunities of doing good as we have let slip. Soon will our wanderings end, and our eternal state be fixed beyond recall; how important then is the present moment! Happy are those whom the [[Lord]] now guides with his counsel, and will at length receive to his glory. To this happiness the [[gospel]] calls us. Behold now is the accepted time, now is the day of [[salvation]]. Let sinners seize the opportunity, and flee for refuge to the [[hope]] set before them. Let us redeem our time, to glorify [[God]] and serve our generation; and he will carry us safely through all, to his eternal kingdom.
'''Verses''' 50-56
Now that they were to pass over Jordan, they were entering again into [[temptation]] to follow [[idols]]; and they are threatened that, if they spared either the [[idols]] or the idolaters, their [[sin]] would certainly be their punishment. They would foster vipers in their own bosoms. The remnant of the Canaanites, if they made any [[peace]] with them, though but for a time, would be pricks in their eyes, and thorns in their sides. We must expect trouble and affliction from whatever [[sin]] we indulge; that which we are willing should tempt us, will vex us. It was intended that the [[Canaanites]] should be put out of the land; but if the [[Israelites]] learned their wicked ways, they also would be put out. Let us hear this and fear. If we do not drive out [[sin]], [[sin]] will drive us out. If we are not the [[death]] of our lusts, our lusts will be the death of our souls.
----
'''Chapter''' 34
''Chapter Outline''
The bounds of the promised land.
(1-15)
Those appointed to divide the land.
(16-29)
'''Verses''' 1-15
[[Canaan]] was of small extent; as it is here bounded, it is but about 160 miles in length, and about 50 in breadth; yet this was the country promised to the father of the faithful, and the possession of the seed of [[Israel]]. This was that little spot of ground, in which alone, for many ages, [[God]] was known. This was the vineyard of the [[Lord]], the garden enclosed; but as it is with gardens and vineyards, the narrowness of the space was made up by the fruitfulness of the soil. Though the earth is the [[Lord]]'s, and the fulness thereof, yet few know him, and serve him; but those few are happy, because fruitful to [[God]]. Also, see how little a share of the [[world]] [[God]] gives to his own people. Those who have their portion in heaven, have reason to be content with a small pittance of this earth. Yet a little that a righteous man has, having it from the [[love]] of [[God]], and with his blessing, is far better and more comfortable than the riches of many wicked. (Nu 34:16-29)
'''Verses''' 16-29
[[God]] here appoints men to divide the land to them. So sure must they feel of victory and success while [[God]] fought for them, that the persons are named who should be intrusted with the dividing of the land.
----
'''Chapter''' 35
''Chapter Outline''
The cities of the [[Levites]].
(1-8)
The cities of refuge, The laws about murder.
(9-34)
'''Verses''' 1-8
The cities of the priests and [[Levites]] were not only to accommodate them, but to place them, as religious teachers, in several parts of the land. For though the typical service of the tabernacle or [[temple]] was only in one place, the preaching of the word of [[God]], and [[prayer]] and praise, were not thus confined. These cities were to be given out of each tribe. Each thus made a grateful acknowledgement to [[God]]. Each tribe had the benefit of the [[Levites]] dwelling amongst them, to teach them the knowledge of the [[Lord]]; thus no parts of the country were left to sit in darkness. The [[gospel]] provides that he who is taught in the word, should communicate to him that teaches, in all good things, Ga 6:6. We are to free [[God]]'s ministers from distracting cares, and to leave them at leisure for the duties of their station; so that they may be wholly employed therein, and avail themselves of every opportunity, by acts of kindness, to gain the good-will of the people, and to draw their attention.
'''Verses''' 9-34
To show plainly the abhorrence of murder, and to provide the more effectually for the punishment of the murderer, the nearest relation of the deceased, under the title of avenger of blood, (or the redeemer of blood,) in notorious cases, might pursue, and execute vengeance. A distinction is made, not between sudden [[anger]] and malice aforethought, both which are the crime of murder; but between intentionally striking a man with any weapon likely to cause death, and an unintentional blow. In the latter case alone, the city of refuge afforded protection. Murder in all its forms, and under all disguises, pollutes a land. Alas! that so many murders, under the name of duels, prize-fights, &c. should pass unpunished. There were six cities of refuge; one or other might be reached in less than a day's journey from any part of the land. To these, man-slayers might flee for refuge, and be safe, till they had a fair trial. If acquitted from the charge, they were protected from the avenger of blood; yet they must continue within the bounds of the city till the [[death]] of the high priest. Thus we are reminded that the [[death]] of the great High Priest is the only means whereby sins are [[pardon]] ed, and sinners set at liberty. These cities are plainly alluded to, both in the Old and New Testament, we cannot doubt the typical character of their appointment. Turn ye to the strong hold, ye prisoners of hope, saith the voice of [[mercy]], Zec 9:12, alluding to the city of refuge. St. [[Paul]] describes the strong consolation of fleeing for refuge to the [[hope]] set before us, in a passage always applied to the gracious appointment of the cities of refuge, Heb 6:18. The rich mercies of [[salvation]], through [[Christ]], prefigured by these cities, demand our regard. 1. Did the ancient city rear its towers of safety on high? See [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] raised up on the cross; and is he not exalted at the right hand of his Father, to be a Prince and a [[Saviour]], to give [[Repentance|repentance]] and remission of sins? 2. Does not the highway of [[salvation]], resemble the smooth and plain path to the city of refuge? Survey the path that leads to the [[Redeemer]]. Is there any stumbling-block to be found therein, except that which an evil [[heart]] of unbelief supplies for its own fall? 3. Waymarks were set up pointing to the city. And is it not the office of the ministers of the [[gospel]] to direct sinners to Him? 4. The gate of the city stood open night and day. Has not [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] declared, Him that cometh unto me I will in nowise cast out? 5. The city of refuge afforded support to every one who entered its walls. Those who have reached the refuge, may live by faith on Him whose flesh is meat indeed, and whose blood is drink indeed. 6. The city was a refuge for all. In the [[gospel]] there is no respect of persons. That soul lives not which deserves not [[Divine]] wrath; that soul lives not which may not in simple [[faith]] [[hope]] for [[salvation]] and life eternal, through the Son of [[God]].
----
'''Chapter''' 36
''Chapter Outline''
The inheritance of the daughters of Zelophehad.
(1-4)
The daughters of Zelophehad are to marry in their own tribe.
(5-12)
Conclusion.
(13)
'''Verses''' 1-4
The heads of the tribe of Manasseh represent the evil which might follow, if the daughters of Zelophehad should marry into any other tribes. They sought to preserve the [[Divine]] appointment of inheritances, and that contests and quarrels should not rise among those who should come afterwards. It is the wisdom and duty of those who have estates in the world, to settle them, and to dispose of them, so that no strife and contention may arise. (Nu 36:5-12)
'''Verses''' 5-12
Those who consult the oracles of [[God]], concerning the making of their heavenly inheritance sure, shall not only be directed what to do, but their inquiries shall be graciously accepted. [[God]] would not have one tribe enriched at the expense of another. Each tribe was to keep to its own inheritance. The daughters of Zelophehad submitted to this appointment. How could they fail to marry well, when [[God]] himself directed them? Let the people of [[God]] learn how suitable and proper it is, like the daughters of [[Israel]], to be united only to their own people. Ought not every true [[believer]] [[Israel]], to be united only to their own people. Ought not every true [[believer]] in [[Jesus]], to be very attentive in the near and tender relations of life, to be united only to such as are united to the [[Lord]]? All our intentions and inclinations ought to be subjected to the will of [[God]], when that is made known to us, and especially in contracting marriage. Although the word of [[God]] allows affection and preference in this important relation, it does not sanction that foolish, ungovernable, and idolatrous passion, which cares not what may be the end; but in defiance of authority, determines upon self-gratification. All such conduct, however disguised, is against common sense, the interests of society, the happiness of the [[marriage]] relation, and, what is still more evil, against the [[religion]] of [[Christ]].
'''Verse''' 13
These are the judgments the [[Lord]] commanded in the plains of Moab. Most of them related to the settlement in Canaan, into which the [[Israelites]] were now entering. Whatever new condition [[God]], by his providence, brings us into, we must beg him to teach us the duties of it, and to enable us to do them, that we may do the work of the day in its day, the duty of a place in its place.
{{mhc bottom}}
topic_name = Matthew Henry Concise Bible Commentary : Numbers |
subtopics = [[Moses]] |
opinion_pieces = {{short_opinions}}
* [[Text:EBD:Numbers, Book of|Easton's Bible Dictionary entry on Numbers]] |
}}
Read the book of [[Numbers]] from the [[Holy Bible|Bible]]
{{chapters}}
[[Numbers 1|1]]
[[Numbers 2|2]]
[[Numbers 3|3]]
[[Numbers 4|4]]
[[Numbers 5|5]]
[[Numbers 6|6]]
[[Numbers 7|7]]
[[Numbers 8|8]]
[[Numbers 9|9]]
[[Numbers 10|10]]
[[Numbers 11|11]]
[[Numbers 12|12]]
[[Numbers 13|13]]
[[Numbers 14|14]]
[[Numbers 15|15]]
[[Numbers 16|16]]
[[Numbers 17|17]]
[[Numbers 18|18]]
[[Numbers 19|19]]
[[Numbers 20|20]]
[[Numbers 21|21]]
[[Numbers 22|22]]
[[Numbers 23|23]]
[[Numbers 24|24]]
[[Numbers 25|25]]
[[Numbers 26|26]]
[[Numbers 27|27]]
[[Numbers 28|28]]
[[Numbers 29|29]]
[[Numbers 30|30]]
[[Numbers 31|31]]
[[Numbers 32|32]]
[[Numbers 33|33]]
[[Numbers 34|34]]
[[Numbers 35|35]]
[[Numbers 36|36]]
==Commentary==
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 1|1]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 2|2]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 3|3]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 4|4]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 5|5]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 6|6]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 7|7]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 8|8]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 9|9]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 10|10]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 11|11]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 12|12]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 13|13]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 14|14]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 15|15]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 16|16]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 17|17]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 18|18]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 19|19]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 20|20]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 21|21]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 22|22]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 23|23]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 24|24]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 25|25]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 26|26]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 27|27]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 28|28]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 29|29]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 30|30]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 31|31]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 32|32]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 33|33]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 34|34]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 35|35]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Numbers 36|36]]
{{mhc import}}
[[Numbers]]
'''Commentary on the book of Numbers'''
(1-51)
The division of the land.
(52-56)
Number of the [[Levites]].
(57-62)
None remaining of the first numbering.
(63-65)
'''Verses''' 1-51
[[Moses]] did not number the people but when [[God]] commanded him. We have here the families registered, as well as the tribes. The total was nearly the same as when numbered at mount Sinai. Notice is here taken of the [[children]] of Korah; they died not, as the [[children]] of Dathan and Abiram; they seem not to have joined even their own father in rebellion. If we partake not of the sins of sinners, we shall not partake of their plagues. (Nu 26:52-56)
'''Verses''' 52-56
In distributing these tribes, the general rule of equity is prescribed; that to many should be given more, and to fewer less. Though it seems left to the prudence of their prince, the matter at last must be settled by the providence of [[God]], with which all must be satisfied.
'''Verses''' 57-62
Levi was [[God]]'s tribe; therefore it was not numbered with the rest, but alone. It came not under the sentence, that none of them should enter [[Canaan]] excepting Caleb and [[Joshua]].
'''Verses''' 63-65
The execution of the sentence passed on the murmurers, chap. 14:29, is observable. There was not one man numbered now, who was numbered then, but Caleb and [[Joshua]]. Here appeared the righteousness of [[God]], and his faithfulness to his threatenings. Especially observe the truth of [[God]], in performing his promise to Caleb and [[Joshua]]. Death makes awful havoc of the human species, and causes surprising changes in families and nations; yet all is appointed in perfect wisdom, justice, and truth, by the [[Lord]] himself. This should stir us up to think upon the hateful nature of [[sin]], the cause of all these devastations. We should renew our repentance, seek forgiveness, value the [[salvation]] of [[Christ]], remember how frail we are, prepare for the summons of death, and fill up our days in serving our generation according to the will of [[God]].
----
'''Chapter''' 27
''Chapter Outline''
The daughters of Zelophehad apply for an inheritance, The law of inheritances.
(1-11)
[[Moses]] warned of his death.
(12-14)
[[Joshua]] appointed to succeed [[Moses]].
(15-23)
'''Verses''' 1-11
The five daughters of Zelophehad considered themselves as left destitute, having neither father nor brother to inherit any land. Their believing expectation that the word of the [[Lord]] would be performed in due season, and their desire of an interest in the promised inheritance; and the modest, candid manner in which they asked, without secret murmurs or discontents, are a good example. They ask for a possession in the land of Canaan. Herein they discovered, 1. Strong [[faith]] in the power and promise of [[God]], concerning the giving of the land of [[Canaan]] to [[Israel]]. 2. And earnest desire of a place and name in the land of promise, which was a type of heaven. 3. Respect and honour for their father, whose name was dear to them now he was gone. He never had done any thing that might bar his children's claim. It is a comfort to parents when they come to die, if though they have smarted for their own [[sin]], yet they are not conscious of any of those iniquities which [[God]] will visit on their children. [[God]] himself gives judgment. He takes notice of the affairs, not only of nations, but of private families, and orders them according to his will. The petition is granted. Those who seek an inheritance in the land of promise, shall have what they seek for, and other things shall be added to them.
'''Verses''' 12-14
[[Moses]] must die, but he shall have the satisfaction of seeing the land of promise. This sight of [[Canaan]] signified his believing prospect of the better country, that is, the heavenly. [[Moses]] must die, but death does not cut him off; it only brings him to rest with the holy patriarchs. It is but to die as they died, having lived as they lived; and as their end was [[peace]], why should we [[fear]] any evil in the passage of that dark valley? (Nu 27:15-23)
'''Verses''' 15-23
Envious spirits do not [[love]] their successors; but [[Moses]] was not one of these. We should concern ourselves, both in our [[prayer]]s and in our endeavours, for the rising generation, that [[religion]] may be maintained and advanced, when we are in our graves. [[God]] appoints a successor, even [[Joshua]]; who had signalized himself by his courage in fighting Amalek, his humility in ministering to [[Moses]], and his [[faith]] and sincerity in witnessing against the report of the evil spies. This man [[God]] appoints to succeed [[Moses]]; a man in whom is the [[Spirit]], the [[Spirit]] of grace. He is a good man, fearing [[God]] and hating covetousness, and acting from principle. He has the spirit of government; he is fit to do the work and discharge the trusts of his place. He has a spirit of conduct and courage; he had also the [[Spirit]] of prophecy. That man is not fully qualified for any service in the [[church]] of [[Christ]], who is destitute of the graces and gifts of the [[Holy Spirit]], whatever human abilities he may possess. And in [[Joshua]]'s succession we are reminded "that the law was given by [[Moses]]," who by reason of our transgression could not bring us to heaven; but "[[grace]] and truth came by [[Jesus]] [[Christ]]," for the [[salvation]] of every [[believer]].
----
'''Chapter''' 28
''Chapter Outline''
Offerings, The daily sacrifice.
(1-8)
The offering on the sabbath and new moons.
(9-15)
Offerings at the passover, and on the day of first-fruits.
(16-31)
'''Verses''' 1-8
[[God]] saw fit now to repeat the law of sacrifices. This was a new generation of men; and they were concerned to keep their [[peace]] with [[God]] when at war with their enemies. The daily sacrifice is called a continual burnt-offering; when we are bid to pray always, at least every morning and evening we should offer up solemn [[prayer]]s and praises to [[God]]. Nothing is added here but that the wine poured out in the drink-offering is to be strong wine, to teach us to serve [[God]] with the best we have. It was a figure of the blood of [[Christ]], the memorial of which is still left to the [[church]] in wine; and of the blood of the martyrs, which was poured out as a drink-offering on the sacrifice and service of our faith, Php 2:17.
'''Verses''' 9-15
Every sabbath day, beside the two lambs offered for the daily burnt-offering, there must be two more offered. This teaches us to double our devotions on sabbath days, for so the duty of the day requires. The sabbath rest is to be observed, in order more closely to apply ourselves to the sabbath work, which ought to fill up the sabbath time. The offerings in the new moons showed thankfulness for the renewing of earthly blessings: when we [[rejoice]] in the gifts of providence, we must make the sacrifice of [[Christ]], that great gift of special grace, the fountain and spring-head of our joy. And the worship performed in the new moons is made typical of [[gospel]] solemnities, Isa 66:23. As the moon borrows light from the sun, and is renewed by its influences; so the [[church]] borrows her light from [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], who is the Sun of righteousness, renewing the state of the [[church]], especially under the [[gospel]]. (Nu 28:16-31)
'''Verses''' 16-31
By the sacrifices enjoined in this Chapter, we are reminded of the continued power of the sacrifice of [[Christ]], and of our continual need to depend thereon. No hurrying employments, or perilous situations, or prosperous circumstances, should cause slackness in our religious exercises; but should rather stir us up to greater diligence in seeking help from, or giving thanks to the [[Lord]]. And all is to be accompanied with repentance, [[faith]] is the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]], and [[love]] to him, and to produce true [[holiness]] in our conduct towards all men; otherwise [[God]] will abhor our most solemn services and abundant devotions. And Christ is able to supply the wants of every day, every week, every month, every year, every ordinance, every case.
----
'''Chapter''' 29
''Chapter Outline''
The offering at the feats of trumpets, and on the day of atonement.
(1-11)
Offerings at the feast of tabernacles.
(12-40)
'''Verses''' 1-11
There were more sacred solemnities in the seventh month than in any other. It was the space between harvest and seed-time. The more leisure we have from the pressing occupations of this life, the more time we should spend in the immediate service of [[God]]. The blowing of the trumpets was appointed, Le 22:24. Here they are directed what sacrifices to offer on that day. Those who would know the mind of [[God]] in the Scriptures, must compare one part with another. The latter discoveries of [[Divine]] light explain what was dark, and supply what was wanting, in the former, that the man of [[God]] may be perfect.
'''Verses''' 12-40
Soon after the day of atonement, the day in which men were to afflict their souls, followed the feast of Tabernacles, in which they were to [[rejoice]] before the [[Lord]]. Their days of rejoicing were to be days of sacrifices. A disposition to be cheerful does us good, when it encourages our hearts in the duties of [[God]]'s service. All the days of dwelling in booths they must offer sacrifices; while we are here in a tabernacle state, it is our interest, as well as our duty, constantly to keep up communion with [[God]]. The sacrifices for each of the seven days are appointed. Every day there must be a sin-offering, as in the other feasts. Our burnt-offerings of praise cannot be accepted of [[God]], unless we have an interest in the great sacrifice which [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] offered, when he made himself a Sin-offering for us. And no extraordinary services should put aside stated devotions. Every thing here reminds us of our sinfulness. The life that we live in the flesh must be by the [[faith]] of the Son of [[God]]; until we go to be with him, to behold his glory, and praise his [[mercy]], who hath loved us and washed us from our sins in his own blood. To whom be honour and [[glory]] for ever. [[Text:EBD:Amen|Amen]].
----
'''Chapter''' 30
''Chapter Outline''
Vows to be kept.
(1, 2)
The cases wherein vows might be released.
(3-16)
'''Verses''' 1, 2
No man can be bound by his own promise to do what he is already, by the [[Divine]] precept, forbidden to do. In other matters the command is, that he shall not break his words, through he may change his mind.
'''Verses''' 3-16
Two cases of vows are determined. The case of a daughter in her father's house. When her vow comes to his knowledge, it is in his power either to confirm it or do it away. The law is plain in the case of a wife. If her husband allows her vow, though only by silence, it stands. If he disallows it, her obligation to her husband takes place of it; for to him she ought to be in subjection, as unto the [[Lord]]. The Divine law consults the good order of families. It is fit that every man should bear rule in his own house, and have his wife and [[children]] in subjection; rather than that this great rule should be broken, or any encouragement be given to inferior relations to break those bonds asunder, [[God]] releases the obligation even of a solemn vow. So much does [[religion]] secure the welfare of all societies; and in it the families of the earth have a blessing.
----
'''Chapter''' 31
''Chapter Outline''
War with Midian.
(1-6)
Balaam slain.
(7-12)
Those slain who caused sin.
(13-38)
Purification of the [[Israelites]].
(39-24)
Division of the spoil.
(25-47)
Offerings.
(48-54)
'''Verses''' 1-6
All who, without commission from [[God]], dare to execute private revenge, and who, from ambition, covetousness, or resentment, wage war and desolate kingdoms, must one day answer for it. But if [[God]], instead of sending an earthquake, a pestilence, or a famine, be pleased to authorize and command any people to avenge his cause, such a commission surely is just and right. The [[Israelites]] could show such a commission, though no persons now can do so. Their wars were begun and carried on expressly by [[Divine]] direction, and they were enabled to conquer by [[miracle]]s. Unless it can be proved that the wicked [[Canaanites]] did not deserve their doom, objectors only prove their dislike to [[God]], and their [[love]] to his enemies. Man makes light of the evil of [[sin]], but [[God]] abhors it. This explains the terrible executions of the nations which had filled the measure of their sins.
'''Verses''' 7-12
The [[Israelites]] slew the Kings of Midian. They slew Balaam. [[God]]'s overruling providence brought him thither, and their just vengeance found him. Had he himself rightly believed what he had said of the happy state of [[Israel]], he would not have thus herded with the enemies of [[Israel]]. The [[Midianites]]' wicked wiles were Balaam's projects: it was just that he should perish with them, Ho 4:5. They took the women and [[children]] captives. They burnt their cities and castles, and returned to the camp.
'''Verses''' 13-18
The sword of war should spare women and children; but the sword of justice should know no distinction, but that of guilty or not guilty. This war was the execution of a righteous sentence upon a guilty nation, in which the women were the worst criminals. The female [[children]] were spared, who, being brought up among the [[Israelites]], would not tempt them to [[idolatry]]. The whole history shows the hatefulness of [[sin]], and the guilt of tempting others; it teaches us to avoid all occasions of evil, and to give no quarter to inward lusts. The women and [[children]] were not kept for sinful purposes, but for slaves, a custom every where practised in former times, as to captives. In the course of providence, when famine and plagues visit a nation for [[sin]], [[children]] suffer in the common calamity. In this case parents are punished in their children; and for [[children]] dying before actual [[sin]], full provision is made as to their eternal happiness, by the [[mercy]] of [[God]] in [[Christ]].
'''Verses''' 19-24
The [[Israelites]] had to purify themselves according to the law, and to abide without the camp seven days, though they had not contracted any moral guilt, the war being just and lawful, and commanded by [[God]]. Thus [[God]] would preserve in their minds a dread and detestation of shedding blood. The spoil had been used by [[Midianites]], and being now come into the possession of [[Israelites]], it was fit that it should be purified.
'''Verses''' 25-47
Whatever we have, [[God]] justly claims a part. Out of the people's share [[God]] required one in fifty, but out of the soldiers' share only one in five hundred. The less opportunity we have of honouring [[God]] with personal services, the more should we give in money or value.
'''Verses''' 48-54
The success of the [[Israelites]] had been very remarkable, so small a company overcoming such multitudes, but it was still more wonderful that not one was slain or missing. They presented the gold they found among the spoils, as an offering to the [[Lord]]. Thus they confessed, that instead of claiming a reward for their service, they needed forgiveness of much that had been amiss, and desired to be thankful for the preservation of their lives, which might justly have been taken away.
----
'''Chapter''' 32
''Chapter Outline''
The tribes of Reuben and Gad request an inheritance on the east of Jordan.
(1-5)
[[Moses]] reproves the Reubenites and Gadites.
(6-15)
They explain their views, [[Moses]] consents.
(16-27)
They take possession of the land to the east of Jordan.
(28-42)
'''Verses''' 1-5
Here is a proposal made by the Reubenites and Gadites, that the land lately conquered might be allotted to them. Two things common in the [[world]] might lead these tribes to make this choice; the lust of the eye, and the pride of life. There was much amiss in the principle they went upon; they consulted their own private convenience more than the public good. Thus to the present time, many seek their own things more than the things of [[Jesus]] Christ; and are led by worldly interests and advantages to take up short of the heavenly Canaan.
'''Verses''' 6-15
The proposal showed disregard to the land of Canaan, distrust of the [[Lord]]'s promise, and unwillingness to encounter the difficulties and dangers of conquering and driving out the inhabitants of that land. [[Moses]] is wroth with them. It will becomes any of [[God]]'s [[Israel]] to sit down unconcerned about the difficult and perilous concerns of their brethren, whether public or personal. He reminds them of the fatal consequences of the unbelief and faint-heartedness of their fathers, when they were, as themselves, just ready to enter Canaan. If men considered as they ought what would be the end of [[sin]], they would be afraid of the beginning of it.
'''Verses''' 16-27
Here is the good effect of plain dealing. [[Moses]], by showing their [[sin]], and the danger of it, brought them to their duty, without murmuring or disputing. All men ought to consider the interests of others as well as their own; the law of [[love]] requires us to labour, venture, or suffer for each other as there may be occasion. They propose that their men of war should go ready armed before the [[children]] of [[Israel]] into the land of Canaan, and that they should not return till the conquest of Canaan was ended. [[Moses]] grants their request, but he warns them of the danger of breaking their word. If you fail, you [[sin]] against the [[Lord]], and not against your brethren only; [[God]] will certainly reckon with you for it. Be sure your [[sin]] will find you out. Sin will surely find out the sinner sooner or later. It concerns us now to find our sins out, that we may repent of them, and forsake them, lest they find us out to our ruin.
'''Verses''' 28-42
Concerning the settlement of these tribes, observe, that they built the cities, that is, repaired them. They changed the names of them; probably they were idolatrous, therefore they should be forgotten. A spirit of selfishness, of seeking our own, not the things of [[Christ]], when each one ought to assist others, is as dangerous as it is common. It is impossible to be sincere in the faith, sensible of the goodness of [[God]], constrained by the [[love]] of [[Christ]], sanctified by the power of the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]], and yet be indifferent to the progress of [[religion]], and the spiritual success of others, through [[love]] of ease, or [[fear]] of conflict. Let then your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father which is in heaven.
----
'''Chapter''' 33
''Chapter Outline''
Encampments of the [[Israelites]].
(1-49)
The [[Canaanites]] to be destroyed.
(50-56)
'''Verses''' 1-49
This is a brief review of the travels of the [[children]] of [[Israel]] through the wilderness. It is a memorable history. In their travels towards [[Canaan]] they were continually on the remove. Such is our state in this world; we have here no continuing city, and all our removes in this [[world]] are but from one part a desert to another. They were led to and fro, forward and backward, yet were all the while under the direction of the pillar of cloud and fire. [[God]] led them about, yet led them the right way. The way [[God]] takes in bringing his people to himself is always the best way, though it does not always seem to us the nearest way. Former events are mentioned. Thus we ought to keep in mind the providences of [[God]] concerning us and families, us and our land, and the many instances of that [[Divine]] care which has led us, and fed us, and kept us all our days hitherto. Few periods of our lives can be thought upon, without reminding us of the [[Lord]]'s goodness, and our own ingratitude and disobedience: his kindness leaves us without excuse for our sins. We could not wish to travel over again the stages we have passed, unless we could hope, by the [[grace]] of [[God]], to shun the sins we then committed, and to embrace such opportunities of doing good as we have let slip. Soon will our wanderings end, and our eternal state be fixed beyond recall; how important then is the present moment! Happy are those whom the [[Lord]] now guides with his counsel, and will at length receive to his glory. To this happiness the [[gospel]] calls us. Behold now is the accepted time, now is the day of [[salvation]]. Let sinners seize the opportunity, and flee for refuge to the [[hope]] set before them. Let us redeem our time, to glorify [[God]] and serve our generation; and he will carry us safely through all, to his eternal kingdom.
'''Verses''' 50-56
Now that they were to pass over Jordan, they were entering again into [[temptation]] to follow [[idols]]; and they are threatened that, if they spared either the [[idols]] or the idolaters, their [[sin]] would certainly be their punishment. They would foster vipers in their own bosoms. The remnant of the Canaanites, if they made any [[peace]] with them, though but for a time, would be pricks in their eyes, and thorns in their sides. We must expect trouble and affliction from whatever [[sin]] we indulge; that which we are willing should tempt us, will vex us. It was intended that the [[Canaanites]] should be put out of the land; but if the [[Israelites]] learned their wicked ways, they also would be put out. Let us hear this and fear. If we do not drive out [[sin]], [[sin]] will drive us out. If we are not the [[death]] of our lusts, our lusts will be the death of our souls.
----
'''Chapter''' 34
''Chapter Outline''
The bounds of the promised land.
(1-15)
Those appointed to divide the land.
(16-29)
'''Verses''' 1-15
[[Canaan]] was of small extent; as it is here bounded, it is but about 160 miles in length, and about 50 in breadth; yet this was the country promised to the father of the faithful, and the possession of the seed of [[Israel]]. This was that little spot of ground, in which alone, for many ages, [[God]] was known. This was the vineyard of the [[Lord]], the garden enclosed; but as it is with gardens and vineyards, the narrowness of the space was made up by the fruitfulness of the soil. Though the earth is the [[Lord]]'s, and the fulness thereof, yet few know him, and serve him; but those few are happy, because fruitful to [[God]]. Also, see how little a share of the [[world]] [[God]] gives to his own people. Those who have their portion in heaven, have reason to be content with a small pittance of this earth. Yet a little that a righteous man has, having it from the [[love]] of [[God]], and with his blessing, is far better and more comfortable than the riches of many wicked. (Nu 34:16-29)
'''Verses''' 16-29
[[God]] here appoints men to divide the land to them. So sure must they feel of victory and success while [[God]] fought for them, that the persons are named who should be intrusted with the dividing of the land.
----
'''Chapter''' 35
''Chapter Outline''
The cities of the [[Levites]].
(1-8)
The cities of refuge, The laws about murder.
(9-34)
'''Verses''' 1-8
The cities of the priests and [[Levites]] were not only to accommodate them, but to place them, as religious teachers, in several parts of the land. For though the typical service of the tabernacle or [[temple]] was only in one place, the preaching of the word of [[God]], and [[prayer]] and praise, were not thus confined. These cities were to be given out of each tribe. Each thus made a grateful acknowledgement to [[God]]. Each tribe had the benefit of the [[Levites]] dwelling amongst them, to teach them the knowledge of the [[Lord]]; thus no parts of the country were left to sit in darkness. The [[gospel]] provides that he who is taught in the word, should communicate to him that teaches, in all good things, Ga 6:6. We are to free [[God]]'s ministers from distracting cares, and to leave them at leisure for the duties of their station; so that they may be wholly employed therein, and avail themselves of every opportunity, by acts of kindness, to gain the good-will of the people, and to draw their attention.
'''Verses''' 9-34
To show plainly the abhorrence of murder, and to provide the more effectually for the punishment of the murderer, the nearest relation of the deceased, under the title of avenger of blood, (or the redeemer of blood,) in notorious cases, might pursue, and execute vengeance. A distinction is made, not between sudden [[anger]] and malice aforethought, both which are the crime of murder; but between intentionally striking a man with any weapon likely to cause death, and an unintentional blow. In the latter case alone, the city of refuge afforded protection. Murder in all its forms, and under all disguises, pollutes a land. Alas! that so many murders, under the name of duels, prize-fights, &c. should pass unpunished. There were six cities of refuge; one or other might be reached in less than a day's journey from any part of the land. To these, man-slayers might flee for refuge, and be safe, till they had a fair trial. If acquitted from the charge, they were protected from the avenger of blood; yet they must continue within the bounds of the city till the [[death]] of the high priest. Thus we are reminded that the [[death]] of the great High Priest is the only means whereby sins are [[pardon]] ed, and sinners set at liberty. These cities are plainly alluded to, both in the Old and New Testament, we cannot doubt the typical character of their appointment. Turn ye to the strong hold, ye prisoners of hope, saith the voice of [[mercy]], Zec 9:12, alluding to the city of refuge. St. [[Paul]] describes the strong consolation of fleeing for refuge to the [[hope]] set before us, in a passage always applied to the gracious appointment of the cities of refuge, Heb 6:18. The rich mercies of [[salvation]], through [[Christ]], prefigured by these cities, demand our regard. 1. Did the ancient city rear its towers of safety on high? See [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] raised up on the cross; and is he not exalted at the right hand of his Father, to be a Prince and a [[Saviour]], to give [[Repentance|repentance]] and remission of sins? 2. Does not the highway of [[salvation]], resemble the smooth and plain path to the city of refuge? Survey the path that leads to the [[Redeemer]]. Is there any stumbling-block to be found therein, except that which an evil [[heart]] of unbelief supplies for its own fall? 3. Waymarks were set up pointing to the city. And is it not the office of the ministers of the [[gospel]] to direct sinners to Him? 4. The gate of the city stood open night and day. Has not [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] declared, Him that cometh unto me I will in nowise cast out? 5. The city of refuge afforded support to every one who entered its walls. Those who have reached the refuge, may live by faith on Him whose flesh is meat indeed, and whose blood is drink indeed. 6. The city was a refuge for all. In the [[gospel]] there is no respect of persons. That soul lives not which deserves not [[Divine]] wrath; that soul lives not which may not in simple [[faith]] [[hope]] for [[salvation]] and life eternal, through the Son of [[God]].
----
'''Chapter''' 36
''Chapter Outline''
The inheritance of the daughters of Zelophehad.
(1-4)
The daughters of Zelophehad are to marry in their own tribe.
(5-12)
Conclusion.
(13)
'''Verses''' 1-4
The heads of the tribe of Manasseh represent the evil which might follow, if the daughters of Zelophehad should marry into any other tribes. They sought to preserve the [[Divine]] appointment of inheritances, and that contests and quarrels should not rise among those who should come afterwards. It is the wisdom and duty of those who have estates in the world, to settle them, and to dispose of them, so that no strife and contention may arise. (Nu 36:5-12)
'''Verses''' 5-12
Those who consult the oracles of [[God]], concerning the making of their heavenly inheritance sure, shall not only be directed what to do, but their inquiries shall be graciously accepted. [[God]] would not have one tribe enriched at the expense of another. Each tribe was to keep to its own inheritance. The daughters of Zelophehad submitted to this appointment. How could they fail to marry well, when [[God]] himself directed them? Let the people of [[God]] learn how suitable and proper it is, like the daughters of [[Israel]], to be united only to their own people. Ought not every true [[believer]] [[Israel]], to be united only to their own people. Ought not every true [[believer]] in [[Jesus]], to be very attentive in the near and tender relations of life, to be united only to such as are united to the [[Lord]]? All our intentions and inclinations ought to be subjected to the will of [[God]], when that is made known to us, and especially in contracting marriage. Although the word of [[God]] allows affection and preference in this important relation, it does not sanction that foolish, ungovernable, and idolatrous passion, which cares not what may be the end; but in defiance of authority, determines upon self-gratification. All such conduct, however disguised, is against common sense, the interests of society, the happiness of the [[marriage]] relation, and, what is still more evil, against the [[religion]] of [[Christ]].
'''Verse''' 13
These are the judgments the [[Lord]] commanded in the plains of Moab. Most of them related to the settlement in Canaan, into which the [[Israelites]] were now entering. Whatever new condition [[God]], by his providence, brings us into, we must beg him to teach us the duties of it, and to enable us to do them, that we may do the work of the day in its day, the duty of a place in its place.
{{mhc bottom}}