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Created page with "{{Infobox_Contents | topic_name = Matthew Henry Concise Bible Commentary : 1 Chronicles | subtopics = Ancient Israel and Judah | opinion_pieces = {{short_opinions}} * Te..."
{{Infobox_Contents |
topic_name = Matthew Henry Concise Bible Commentary : 1 Chronicles |
subtopics = [[Ancient Israel and Judah]] |
opinion_pieces = {{short_opinions}}
* [[Text:EBD:Kings, The Books of|Easton's Bible Dictionary entry on 1 Chronicles]] |
}}
Read the book of [[1 Chronicles]] from the [[Holy Bible|Bible]]
{{chapters}}
[[1 Chronicles 1|1]]
[[1 Chronicles 2|2]]
[[1 Chronicles 3|3]]
[[1 Chronicles 4|4]]
[[1 Chronicles 5|5]]
[[1 Chronicles 6|6]]
[[1 Chronicles 7|7]]
[[1 Chronicles 8|8]]
[[1 Chronicles 9|9]]
[[1 Chronicles 10|10]]
[[1 Chronicles 11|11]]
[[1 Chronicles 12|12]]
[[1 Chronicles 13|13]]
[[1 Chronicles 14|14]]
[[1 Chronicles 15|15]]
[[1 Chronicles 16|16]]
[[1 Chronicles 17|17]]
[[1 Chronicles 18|18]]
[[1 Chronicles 19|19]]
[[1 Chronicles 20|20]]
[[1 Chronicles 21|21]]
[[1 Chronicles 22|22]]
[[1 Chronicles 23|23]]
[[1 Chronicles 24|24]]
[[1 Chronicles 25|25]]
[[1 Chronicles 26|26]]
[[1 Chronicles 27|27]]
[[1 Chronicles 28|28]]
[[1 Chronicles 29|29]]
==Commentary==
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 1|1]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 2|2]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 3|3]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 4|4]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 5|5]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 6|6]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 7|7]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 8|8]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 9|9]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 10|10]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 11|11]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 12|12]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 13|13]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 14|14]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 15|15]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 16|16]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 17|17]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 18|18]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 19|19]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 20|20]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 21|21]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 22|22]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 23|23]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 24|24]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 25|25]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 26|26]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 27|27]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 28|28]]
[[Text:MHC Concise 1 Chronicles 29|29]]
{{mhc import}}
'''Commentary on the book of [[1 Chronicles]]'''
The books of Chronicles are, in a great measure, repetitions of what is in the books of [[Samuel]] and of the Kings, yet there are some excellent useful things in them which we find not elsewhere. The FIRST BOOK traces the rise of the Jewish people from [[Adam]], and afterward gives an account of the reign of [[David]]. In the SECOND BOOK the narrative is continued, and relates the progress and end of the kingdom of [[Judah]]; also it notices the return of the [[Jews]] from the Babylonish captivity. Jerome says, that whoever supposes himself to have knowledge of the Scriptures without being acquainted with the books of Chronicles, deceives himself. Historical facts passed over elsewhere, names, and the connexion of passages are to be found here, and many questions concerning the [[gospel]] are explained.
----
'''Chapter''' 1
''Chapter Outline''
Genealogies, [[Adam]] to [[Abraham]].
(1-27)
The descendants of [[Abraham]].
(28-54)
'''Verses''' 1-27
This Chapter, and many that follow, repeat the genealogies, or lists of fathers and [[children]] in the [[Bible]] history, and put them together, with many added. When compared with other places, there are some differences found; yet we must not therefore stumble at the word, but bless [[God]] that the things necessary to [[salvation]] are plain enough. The original of the Jewish nation is here traced from the first man that [[God]] created, and is thereby distinguished from the obscure, fabulous, and absurd origins assigned to other nations. But the nations now are all so mingled with one another, that no one nation, nor the greatest part of any, is descended entirely from any of one nation, nor the greatest part of any, is descended entirely from any of these fountains. Only this we are sure of, that [[God]] has created of one blood all nations of men; they are all descended from one [[Adam]], one Noah. Have we not all one father? Has not one [[God]] created us? Mal 2:10.
'''Verses''' 28-54
The genealogy is from hence confined to the posterity of [[Abraham]]. Let us take occasion from reading these lists of names, to think of the multitudes that have gone through this world, have done their parts in it, and then quitted it. As one generation, even of sinful men, passes away, another comes. Ec 1:4; Nu 32:14, and will do so while the earth remains. Short is our passage through time into eternity. May we be distinguished as the [[Lord]]'s people.
----
'''Chapter''' 2
Genealogies.
--We are now come to the register of the [[children]] of [[Israel]], that distinguished people, who were to dwell alone, and not be reckoned among the nations. But now, in [[Christ]], all are welcome to his [[salvation]] who come to him; all have equal privileges according to their [[faith]] in him, their [[love]] and devotedness to him. All that is truly valuable consists in the favour, [[peace]], and image of [[God]], and a life spent to his glory, in promoting the welfare of our fellow-creatures.
----
'''Chapter''' 3
Genealogies.
--Of all the families of [[Israel]], none were so illustrious as the family of [[David]]: here we have a full account of it. From this family, as concerning the flesh, [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] came. The attentive observer will perceive that the [[children]] of the righteous enjoy many advantages.
----
'''Chapter''' 4
Genealogies.
--In this Chapter we have a further account of [[Judah]], the most numerous and most famous of all the tribes; also an account of Simeon. The most remarkable person in this Chapter is Jabez. We are not told upon what account Jabez was more honourable than his brethren; but we find that he was a praying man. The way to be truly great, is to seek to do [[God]]'s will, and to pray earnestly. Here is the [[prayer]] he made. Jabez prayed to the living and true [[God]], who alone can hear and answer [[prayer]]; and, in [[prayer]] he regarded him as a [[God]] in covenant with his people. He does not express his promise, but leaves it to be understood; he was afraid to promise in his own strength, and resolved to devote himself entirely to [[God]]. [[Lord]], if thou wilt bless me and keep me, do what thou wilt with me; I will be at thy command and disposal for ever. As the text reads it, this was the language of a most ardent and affectionate desire, Oh that thou wouldest bless me! Four things Jabez prayed for. 1. That [[God]] would bless him indeed. Spiritual blessings are the best blessings: [[God]]'s blessings are real things, and produce real effects. 2. That He would enlarge his coast. That [[God]] would enlarge our hearts, and so enlarge our portion in himself, and in the heavenly Canaan, ought to be our desire and [[prayer]]. 3. That [[God]]'s hand might be with him. [[God]]'s hand with us, to lead us, protect us, strengthen us, and to work all our works in us and for us, is a hand all-sufficient for us. 4. That he would keep him from evil, the evil of [[sin]], the evil of trouble, all the evil designs of his enemies, that they might not hurt, nor make him a Jabez indeed, a man of sorrow. [[God]] granted that which he requested. [[God]] is ever ready to hear [[prayer]]: his ear is not now heavy.
----
'''Chapter''' 5
Genealogies.
--This Chapter gives some account of the two tribes and a half seated on the east side of Jordan. They were made captives by the king of Assyria, because they had forsaken the [[Lord]]. Only two things are here recorded concerning these tribes. 1. They all shared in a victory. Happy is that people who live in harmony together, who assist each other against the common enemies of their souls, trusting in the [[Lord]], and calling upon him. 2. They shared in captivity. They would have the best land, not considering that it lay most exposed. The desire of earthly objects draws to a distance from [[God]]'s ordinances, and prepares men for destruction.
----
'''Chapter''' 6
Genealogies.
--We have an account of Levi in this Chapter. The priests and [[Levites]] were more concerned than any other [[Israelites]], to preserve their descent clear, and to be able to prove it; because all the honours and privileges of their office depended upon their descent. Now, the [[Spirit]] of [[God]] calls ministers to their work, without any limit as to the families they came from; and then, as now, though [[believer]]s and ministers may be very useful to the [[church]], none but our great High Priest can make atonement for [[sin]], nor can any be accepted but through his atonement.
----
'''Chapter''' 7
Genealogies.
--Here is no account either of Zebulun or Dan. We can assign no reason why they only should be omitted; but it is the disgrace of the tribe of Dan, that [[idolatry]] began in that colony which fixed in Laish, and called it Dan, Jud 18 and there one of the golden calves was set up by Jeroboam. Dan is omitted, Re 7. Men become abominable when they forsake the [[worship]] of the true [[God]], for any creature object.
----
'''Chapter''' 8
Genealogies.
--Here is a larger list of Benjamin's tribe. We may suppose that many things in these genealogies, which to us seem difficult, abrupt, and perplexed, were plain and easy at that time, and fully answered the intention for which they were published. Many great and mighty nations then were in being upon earth, and many illustrious men, whose names are now wholly forgotten; while the names of multitudes of the [[Israel]] of [[God]] are here kept in everlasting remembrance. The memory of the just is blessed.
----
'''Chapter''' 9
Genealogies.
--This Chapter expresses that one end of recording all these genealogies was, to direct the [[Jews]], when they returned out of captivity, with whom to unite, and where to reside. Here is an account of the good state into which the affairs of [[religion]] were put, on the return from Babylon. Every one knew his charge. Work is likely to be done well when every one knows the duty of his place, and makes a business of it. [[God]] is the [[God]] of order. Thus was the [[temple]] a figure of the heavenly one, where they rest not day nor night from praising [[God]], Re 4:8. Blessed be His name, [[believer]]s there shall, not in turn, but all together, without interruption, praise him night and day: may the [[Lord]] make each of us fit for the inheritance of the saints in light.
----
'''Chapter''' 10
The [[death]] of Saul.
--The design chiefly in view in these books of the Chronicles, appears to be to preserve the records of the house of [[David]]. Therefore the writer repeats not the history of Saul's reign, but only of his death, by which a way was made for [[David]] to the throne. And from the ruin of Saul, we may learn, 1. That the [[sin]] of sinners will certainly find them out, sooner or later; [[Saul]]died for his transgression. 2. That no man's greatness can exempt him from the judgments of [[God]]. 3. Disobedience is a killing thing. [[Saul]]died for not keeping the word of the [[Lord]]. May be delivered from unbelief, impatience, and despair. By waiting on the [[Lord]] we shall obtain a kingdom that cannot be moved.
----
'''Chapter''' 11
''Chapter Outline''
[[David]] raised to the throne.
(1-9)
A list of [[David]]'s mighty men.
(10-47)
'''Verses''' 1-9
[[David]] was brought to possess the throne of [[Israel]] after he had reigned seven years in Hebron, over [[Judah]] only. [[God]]'s counsels will be fulfilled at last, whatever difficulties lie in the way. The way to be truly great, is to be really useful, to devote all our talents to the [[Lord]].
'''Verses''' 10-47
An account is given of [[David]]'s worthies, the great men who served him. Yet [[David]] reckoned his success, not as from the mighty men that were with him, but from the mighty [[God]], whose presence is all in all. In strengthening him, they strengthened themselves and their own interest, for his advancement was theirs. We shall gain by what we do in our places for the support of the kingdom of the Son of [[David]]; and those that are faithful to Him, shall find their names registered much more to their honour, than these are in the records of fame.
----
'''Chapter''' 12
''Chapter Outline''
Those who came to [[David]] at Ziklag.
(1-22)
Those who came to Hebron.
(23-40)
'''Verses''' 1-22
Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as [[David]]'s friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the [[believer]] from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these attempts, will find abundant recompence. From the words of Amasai we may learn how to testify our affection and allegiance to the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]]; his we must be throughly; on his side we must be forward to appear and act. If we are under the influence of the [[Spirit]], we shall desire to have our lot among them, and to declare ourselves on their side; if in [[faith]] and [[love]] we embrace the cause of [[Christ]], he will receive, employ, and advance us.
'''Verses''' 23-40
When the throne of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great [[joy]] in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the [[Saviour]] [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], the Son of [[David]]; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose earnest endeavours to do good are directed by the wisdom that [[God]] giveth, through acquaintance with his word, experience, and observation. If any man lack this wisdom, let him ask it of [[God]], who giveth to all men liberally, and upbraideth not, and it shall be given him.
----
'''Chapter''' 13
''Chapter Outline''
[[David]] consults about the ark.
(1-5)
The removal of the ark.
(6-14)
'''Verses''' 1-5
[[David]] said not, What magnificent thing shall I do now? or, What pleasant thing? but, What pious thing? that he might have the comfort and benefit of that sacred oracle. Let us bring the ark to us, that it may be a blessing to us. Those who honour [[God]], profit themselves. It is the wisdom of those setting out in the world, to take [[God]]'s ark with them. Those are likely to go on in the favour of [[God]], who begin in the [[fear]] of [[God]]. (1Ch 13:6-14)
'''Verses''' 6-14
Let the [[sin]] of Uzza warn all to take heed of presumption, rashness, and irreverence, in dealing with holy things; and let none think that a good design will justify a bad action. Let the punishment of Uzza teach us not to dare to trifle with [[God]] in our approaches to him; yet let us, through [[Christ]], come boldly to the throne of grace. If the [[gospel]] be to some a savour of [[death]] unto death, as the ark was to Uzza, yet let us receive it in the [[love]] of it, and it will be to us a savour of life unto life.
----
'''Chapter''' 14
[[David]]'s victories.
--In this Chapter we have an account of, 1. [[David]]'s kingdom established. 2. His family built up. 3. His enemies defeated. This is repeated from 2Sa 5. Let the fame of [[David]] be looked upon as a type and figure of the exalted honour of the Son of [[David]].
----
'''Chapter''' 15
''Chapter Outline''
Preparations for the removal of the ark.
(1-24)
The removal of the ark.
(25-29)
'''Verses''' 1-24
Wise and good men may be guilty of oversights, which they will correct, as soon as they are aware of them. [[David]] does not try to justify what had been done amiss, nor to lay the blame on others; but he owns himself guilty, with others, of not seeking [[God]] in due order
'''Verses''' 25-29
It is good to notice the assistance of [[Divine]] Providence, even in things which fall within the compass of our natural powers; if [[God]] did not help us, we could not stir a step. If we do our religious duties in any degree aright, we must own it was [[God]] that helped us; had we been left to ourselves, we should have been guilty of some fatal errors. And every thing in which we engage, must be done in dependence on the [[mercy]] of [[God]] through the sacrifice of the [[Redeemer]].
----
'''Chapter''' 16
''Chapter Outline''
The solemnity with which the ark was fixed.
(1-6)
[[David]]'s psalm of praise.
(7-36)
Setting in order the [[worship]] of [[God]].
(37-43)
'''Verses''' 1-6
Though [[God]]'s word and ordinances may be clouded and eclipsed for a time, they shall shine out of obscurity. This was but a tent, a humble dwelling, yet this was the tabernacle which [[David]], in his psalms, often speaks of with so much affection. [[David]] showed himself generous to his subjects, as he had found [[God]] gracious to him. Those whose hearts are enlarged with holy joy, should show it by being open-handed.
'''Verses''' 7-36
Let [[God]] be glorified in our praises. Let others be edified and taught, that strangers to him may be led to adore him. Let us ourselves triumph and [[trust]] in [[God]]. Those that give [[glory]] to [[God]]'s name are allowed to [[glory]] in it. Let the everlasting covenant be the great matter of our [[joy]] his people of old, be remembered by us with thankfulness to him. Show forth from day to day his [[salvation]], his promised [[salvation]] by [[Christ]]. We have reason to celebrate that from day to day; for we daily receive the benefit, and it is a subject that can never be exhausted. In the midst of praises, we must not forget to pray for the servants of [[God]] in distress.
'''Verses''' 37-43
The [[worship]] of [[God]] ought to be the work of every day. [[David]] put it into order. At [[Jerusalem]], where the ark was, Asaph and his brethren were to minister before the ark continually, with songs of praise. No sacrifices were offered there, nor incense burnt, because the altars were not there; but [[David]]'s [[prayer]]s were directed as incense, and the lifting up of his hands as the evening sacrifice. So early did spiritual [[worship]] take place of ceremonial. Yet the ceremonial worship, being of [[Divine]] institution, must by no means be omitted; therefore at Gibeon, at the altars, the priests attended; for their work was to sacrifice and burn incense; and that they did continually, morning and evening, according to the law of [[Moses]]. As the ceremonies were types of the mediation of [[Christ]], the observance of them was of great consequence. The attendance of his appointed ministers is right in itself, and encourages the people.
----
'''Chapter''' 17
[[David]]'s purposes; [[God]]'s gracious promises.
--This Chapter is the same as 2Sa 7. See what is there said upon it. It is very observable that what in [[Samuel]] is said to be, "for thy word's sake," is here said to be, "for thy servant's sake," ver. #(19). [[Jesus]] [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is both the Word of [[God]], Re 19:13, and the Servant of [[God]], Isa 42:1; and it is for his sake, upon account of his mediation, that the promises are made good to all [[believer]]s; it is in him, that they are yea and amen. For His sake it is done, for his sake it is made known; to him we owe all this greatness, from him we are to expect all these great things. They are the unsearchable riches of [[Christ]], which, if by [[faith]] we see in themselves, and see in the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]], we cannot but magnify as the only true greatness, and speak honourably of them. For this blessedness may we look amidst the trials of life, and when we feel the hand of [[death]] upon us; and seek it for our [[children]] after us.
----
'''Chapter''' 18
[[David]]'s victories.
--This Chapter is the same as 2Sa 8. Our good fight of faith, under the Captain of our [[salvation]], will end in everlasting triumph and [[peace]]. The happiness of [[Israel]], through [[David]]'s victories, and just government, faintly shadowed forth the happiness of the redeemed in the realms above.
----
'''Chapter''' 19
[[David]]'s wars.
--The history is here repeated which we read 2Sa 10. The only safety of sinners consists in submitting to the [[Lord]], seeking [[peace]] with him, and becoming his servants. Let us assist each other in a good cause; but let us [[fear]] lest, while made instruments of good to others, we should come short of [[salvation]], through unbelief and sin.
----
'''Chapter''' 20
[[David]]'s wars.
--Though the [[Lord]] will severely correct the sins of his believing people, he will not leave them in the hands of their enemies. His assistance will overcome all advantages of number and strength of those that defy his [[Israel]]. All that [[trust]] in [[Christ]], shall be made more than conquerors through him that loveth them.
----
'''Chapter''' 21
[[David]]'s numbering the people.
--No mention is made in this book of [[David]]'s [[sin]] in the matter of Uriah, neither of the troubles that followed it: they had no needful connexion with the subjects here noted. But [[David]]'s [[sin]], in numbering the people, is related: in the atonement made for that [[sin]], there was notice of the place on which the [[temple]] should be built. The command to [[David]] to build an altar, was a blessed token of reconciliation. [[God]] testified his acceptance of [[David]]'s offerings on this altar. Thus [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] was made [[sin]], and a curse for us; it pleased the [[Lord]] to bruise him, that through him, [[God]] might be to us, not a consuming Fire, but a reconciled [[God]]. It is good to continue attendance on those ordinances in which we have experienced the tokens of [[God]]'s presence, and have found that he is with us of a truth. Here [[God]] graciously met me, therefore I will still expect to meet him.
----
'''Chapter''' 22
''Chapter Outline''
[[David]]'s preparations for the temple.
(1-5)
[[David]]'s instructions to [[Solomon]].
(6-16)
The prices commanded to assist.
(17-19)
'''Verses''' 1-5
On occasion of the terrible judgment inflicted on [[Israel]] for the [[sin]] of [[David]], [[God]] pointed out the place where he would have the [[temple]] built; upon which, [[David]] was excited to make preparations for the great work. [[David]] must not build, but he would do all he could; he prepared abundantly before his death. What our hands find to do for [[God]], and our souls, and those round us, let us do it with all our might, before our death; for after [[death]] there is no device nor working. And when the [[Lord]] refuses to employ us in those services which we desired, we must not be discouraged or idle, but do what we can, though in a humbler sphere.
'''Verses''' 6-16
[[David]] gives [[Solomon]] the reason why he should build the temple. Because [[God]] named him. Nothing is more powerful to engage us in any service for [[God]], than to know that we are appointed thereto. Because he would have leisure and opportunity to do it. He should have [[peace]] and quietness. Where [[God]] gives rest, he expects work. Because [[God]] had promised to establish his kingdom. [[God]]'s gracious promises should quicken and strengthen our religious service. [[David]] delivered to [[Solomon]] an account of the vast preparations he had made for this building; not from pride and vain-glory, but to encourage [[Solomon]] to engage cheerfully in the great work. He must not think, by building the temple, to purchase a dispensation to sin; on the contrary, his doing that would not be accepted, if he did not take heed to fulfil the statutes of the [[Lord]]. In our spiritual work, as well as in our spiritual warfare, we have need of courage and resolution. (1Ch 22:17-19)
'''Verses''' 17-19
Whatever is done towards rendering the word of [[God]] generally known and attended to, is like bringing a stone, or an ingot of gold, towards erecting the temple. This should encourage us when we grieve that we do not see more fruit of our labours; much good may appear after our death, which we never thought of. Let us not then be weary of well doing. The work is in the hands of the Prince of [[peace]]. As he, the Author and Finisher of the work, is pleased to employ us as his instruments, let us arise and be doing, encouraging and helping one another; working by his rule, after his example, in dependence on his grace, assured that he will be with us, and that our labour shall not be in vain in the [[Lord]].
----
'''Chapter''' 23
''Chapter Outline''
[[David]] declares [[Solomon]] his successor.
(1-23)
The office of the [[Levites]].
(24-32)
'''Verses''' 1-23
[[David]], having given charge concerning the building of the temple, settles the method of the [[temple]] service, and orders the officers of it. When those of the same family were employed together, it would engage them to [[love]] and assist one another.
'''Verses''' 24-32
Now the people of [[Israel]] were so many, there should be more employed in the [[temple]] service, that every [[Israel]]ite who brought an offering might find a Levite ready to help him. When more work is to be done, it is pity but there should be more workmen. A new heart, a spiritual mind, which delights greatly in [[God]]'s commandments, and can find a refreshing feast in his ordinances, forms the great distinction between the true [[Christian]] and all other men in the world. To the spiritual man every service will yield satisfaction. He will be ever abounding in the work of the [[Lord]]; being never so happy as when employed for such a good Master, in so pleasant a service. He will not regard whether he is called to take the lead, or to keep the charge of others who are placed over him. May we seek and serve the [[Lord]] uprightly, and leave all the rest to his disposal, by [[faith]] in his word.
----
'''Chapter''' 24
The divisions of the priests and [[Levites]].
--When every one has, knows, and keeps his place and work, the more there are the better. In the mystical body of [[Christ]], every member has its use, for the good of the whole. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is High Priest over the house of [[God]], to whom all [[believer]]s, being made priests, are to be in subjection. In [[Christ]], no difference is made between bond and free, elder and younger. The younger brethren, if faithful and sincere, shall be no less acceptable to [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] than the fathers. May we all be [[children]] of the [[Lord]], fitted to sing his praises for ever in his temple above.
----
'''Chapter''' 25
The singers and musicians.
--[[David]] put those in order who were appointed to be singers and musicians in the temple. To prophesy, in this place, means praising [[God]] with great earnestness and devout affections, under the influences of the [[Holy Spirit]]. In raising these affections, poetry and music were employed. If the [[Spirit]] of [[God]] do not put life and fervour into our devotions, they will, however ordered, be a lifeless, worthless form.
----
'''Chapter''' 26
The offices of the [[Levites]].
--The porters and treasurers of the temple, had occasion for strength and valour to oppose those who wrongly attempted to enter the sanctuary, and to guard the sacred treasures. Much was expended daily upon the altar; flour, wine, oil, salt, fuel, beside the lamps; quantities of these were kept beforehand, besides the sacred vestments and utensils. These were the treasures of the house of [[God]]. These treasures typified the plenty there is in our heavenly Father's house, enough and to spare. From those sacred treasuries, the unsearchable riches of [[Christ]], all our wants are supplied; and receiving from his fulness, we must give him the glory, and endeavour to dispose of our abilities and substance according to his will. We have an account of those employed as officers and judges. The magistracy is an ordinance of [[God]] for the good of the [[church]], as truly as the ministry, and must not be neglected. None of the [[Levites]] who were employed in the service of the sanctuary, none of the singers or porters, were concerned in this outward business; one duty was enough to engage the whole man. [[Wisdom]], courage, strength of faith, holy affections, and constancy of mind in doing our duty, are requisite or useful for every station.
----
'''Chapter''' 27
''Chapter Outline''
[[David]]'s military force.
(1-15)
Princes and officers.
(16-34)
'''Verses''' 1-15
In the kingdoms of this [[world]] readiness for war forms a security for [[peace]]; in like manner, nothing so much encourages [[Satan]]'s assaults as to be unwatchful. So long as we stand armed with the whole armour of [[God]], in the exercise of faith, and preparation of [[heart]] for the conflict, we shall certainly be safe, and probably enjoy inward [[peace]].
'''Verses''' 16-34
The officers of the court, or the rulers of the king's substance, had the oversight and charge of the king's tillage, his vineyards, his herds, his flocks, which formed the wealth of eastern kings. Much of the wisdom of princes is seen in the choice of their ministry, and common persons show it in the choice of their advisers. [[David]], though he had all these about him, preferred the word of [[God]] before them all. Thy testimonies are my delight and my counsellors.
----
'''Chapter''' 28
''Chapter Outline''
[[David]] exhorts the people to the [[fear]] of the [[Lord]].
(1-10)
He gives instructions for the temple.
(11-21)
'''Verses''' 1-10
During [[David]]'s last sickness, many chief priests and [[Levites]] were at [[Jerusalem]]. Finding himself able, [[David]] spoke of his purpose to build a [[temple]] for [[God]], and of [[God]]'s disallowing that purpose. He opened to them [[God]]'s gracious purposes concerning [[Solomon]]. [[David]] charged them to cleave stedfastly to [[God]] and their duty. We cannot do our work as we should, unless we put on resolution, and fetch in strength from Divine grace. Religion or piety has two distinct parts. The first is knowledge of [[God]], the second is [[worship]] of [[God]]. [[David]] says, Know thou the [[God]] of thy father, and serve him with a perfect [[heart]] and a willing mind. [[God]] is made known by his works and word. Revelation alone shows the whole character of [[God]], in his providence, his holy law, his condemnation of sinners, his blessed [[gospel]], and the ministration of the [[Spirit]] to all true [[believer]]s. The natural man cannot receive this knowledge of [[God]]. But thus we learn the value of the [[Saviour]]'s atonement, and of the sanctification of the [[Holy Spirit]], and are influenced to walk in all his commandments. It brings a sinner to his proper place at the foot of the cross, as a poor, guilty, helpless worm, deserving wrath, yet expecting every thing needful from the free [[mercy]] and [[grace]] of [[God]] our Father, and the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] [[Christ]]. Having been forgiven much, the [[pardon]] ed sinner learns to [[love]] much.
'''Verses''' 11-21
The [[temple]] must be a sacred thing, and a type of Christ; it must be framed by [[Divine]] teaching. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is the true temple, the [[church]] is the [[gospel]] temple, and heaven the everlasting temple; all are framed according to the [[Divine]] counsels, and the plan laid in the Divine wisdom, ordained before the world, for [[God]]'s [[glory]] and our good. [[David]] gave this pattern to [[Solomon]], that he might go by rule. Materials were provided for the most costly utensils of the temple. Directions were given which way to look for help in this great undertaking. Be not dismayed; [[God]] will help thee, and thou must look up to him in the first place. We may be sure that [[God]], who owned our fathers, and carried them through the services of their day, will, in like manner, never leave us, while he has any work to do in us, or by us. Good work is likely to go on, when all concerned are hearty in furthering it. Let us [[hope]] in [[God]]'s [[mercy]]; if we seek him, he will be found of us.
----
'''Chapter''' 29
''Chapter Outline''
[[David]] induces the princes and people to offer willingly.
(1-9)
His thanksgiving and [[prayer]].
(10-19)
[[Solomon]] enthroned.
(20-25)
[[David]]'s reign and death.
(26-30)
'''Verses''' 1-9
What is done in works of piety and charity, should be done willingly, not by constraint; for [[God]] loves a cheerful giver. [[David]] set a good example. This [[David]] offered, not from constraint, or for show; but because he had set his affection to the house of [[God]], and thought he could never do enough towards promoting that good work. Those who would draw others to good, must lead the way themselves.
'''Verses''' 10-19
We cannot form a right idea of the magnificence of the temple, and the buildings around it, about which such quantities of gold and silver were employed. But the unsearchable riches of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] exceed the splendour of the temple, infinitely more than that surpassed the meanest cottage on earth. Instead of boasting of these large oblations, [[David]] gave solemn thanks to the [[Lord]]. All they gave for the [[Lord]]'s [[temple]] was his own; if they attempted to keep it, [[death]] would soon have removed them from it. The only use they could make of it to their real advantage, was, to consecrate it to the service of Him who gave it.
'''Verses''' 20-25
This great assembly joined with [[David]] in adoring [[God]]. Whoever is the mouth of the congregation, those only have the benefit who join him, not by bowing down the head, so much as by lifting up the soul. [[Solomon]] sat on the throne of the [[Lord]]. [[Solomon]]'s kingdom typified the kingdom of the [[Messiah]], whose throne is the throne of the [[Lord]].
'''Verses''' 26-30
When we read the second book of [[Samuel]], we could scarcely have expected to behold [[David]] appear so illustrious in his closing scene. But his [[Repentance|repentance]] had been as remarkable as his sin; and his conduct during his afflictions, and towards the end of his life, appears to have had a good effect on his subjects. Blessed be [[God]], even the chief of sinners may [[hope]] for a glorious departure, when brought to repent and flee for refuge to the [[Saviour]]'s atoning blood. Let us mark the difference between the spirit and character of the man after [[God]]'s own heart, living and dying, and those of worthless professors, who resemble him in nothing but their sins, and who wickedly try to excuse their crimes by his sins. Let us watch and pray, lest we be overcome by temptation, and overtaken by [[sin]], to the dishonour of [[God]], and the wounding of our own consciences. When we feel that we have offended, let us follow [[David]]'s example of [[Repentance|repentance]] and patience, looking for a glorious resurrection, through our [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] [[Christ]].
{{mhc bottom}}
topic_name = Matthew Henry Concise Bible Commentary : 1 Chronicles |
subtopics = [[Ancient Israel and Judah]] |
opinion_pieces = {{short_opinions}}
* [[Text:EBD:Kings, The Books of|Easton's Bible Dictionary entry on 1 Chronicles]] |
}}
Read the book of [[1 Chronicles]] from the [[Holy Bible|Bible]]
{{chapters}}
[[1 Chronicles 1|1]]
[[1 Chronicles 2|2]]
[[1 Chronicles 3|3]]
[[1 Chronicles 4|4]]
[[1 Chronicles 5|5]]
[[1 Chronicles 6|6]]
[[1 Chronicles 7|7]]
[[1 Chronicles 8|8]]
[[1 Chronicles 9|9]]
[[1 Chronicles 10|10]]
[[1 Chronicles 11|11]]
[[1 Chronicles 12|12]]
[[1 Chronicles 13|13]]
[[1 Chronicles 14|14]]
[[1 Chronicles 15|15]]
[[1 Chronicles 16|16]]
[[1 Chronicles 17|17]]
[[1 Chronicles 18|18]]
[[1 Chronicles 19|19]]
[[1 Chronicles 20|20]]
[[1 Chronicles 21|21]]
[[1 Chronicles 22|22]]
[[1 Chronicles 23|23]]
[[1 Chronicles 24|24]]
[[1 Chronicles 25|25]]
[[1 Chronicles 26|26]]
[[1 Chronicles 27|27]]
[[1 Chronicles 28|28]]
[[1 Chronicles 29|29]]
==Commentary==
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'''Commentary on the book of [[1 Chronicles]]'''
The books of Chronicles are, in a great measure, repetitions of what is in the books of [[Samuel]] and of the Kings, yet there are some excellent useful things in them which we find not elsewhere. The FIRST BOOK traces the rise of the Jewish people from [[Adam]], and afterward gives an account of the reign of [[David]]. In the SECOND BOOK the narrative is continued, and relates the progress and end of the kingdom of [[Judah]]; also it notices the return of the [[Jews]] from the Babylonish captivity. Jerome says, that whoever supposes himself to have knowledge of the Scriptures without being acquainted with the books of Chronicles, deceives himself. Historical facts passed over elsewhere, names, and the connexion of passages are to be found here, and many questions concerning the [[gospel]] are explained.
----
'''Chapter''' 1
''Chapter Outline''
Genealogies, [[Adam]] to [[Abraham]].
(1-27)
The descendants of [[Abraham]].
(28-54)
'''Verses''' 1-27
This Chapter, and many that follow, repeat the genealogies, or lists of fathers and [[children]] in the [[Bible]] history, and put them together, with many added. When compared with other places, there are some differences found; yet we must not therefore stumble at the word, but bless [[God]] that the things necessary to [[salvation]] are plain enough. The original of the Jewish nation is here traced from the first man that [[God]] created, and is thereby distinguished from the obscure, fabulous, and absurd origins assigned to other nations. But the nations now are all so mingled with one another, that no one nation, nor the greatest part of any, is descended entirely from any of one nation, nor the greatest part of any, is descended entirely from any of these fountains. Only this we are sure of, that [[God]] has created of one blood all nations of men; they are all descended from one [[Adam]], one Noah. Have we not all one father? Has not one [[God]] created us? Mal 2:10.
'''Verses''' 28-54
The genealogy is from hence confined to the posterity of [[Abraham]]. Let us take occasion from reading these lists of names, to think of the multitudes that have gone through this world, have done their parts in it, and then quitted it. As one generation, even of sinful men, passes away, another comes. Ec 1:4; Nu 32:14, and will do so while the earth remains. Short is our passage through time into eternity. May we be distinguished as the [[Lord]]'s people.
----
'''Chapter''' 2
Genealogies.
--We are now come to the register of the [[children]] of [[Israel]], that distinguished people, who were to dwell alone, and not be reckoned among the nations. But now, in [[Christ]], all are welcome to his [[salvation]] who come to him; all have equal privileges according to their [[faith]] in him, their [[love]] and devotedness to him. All that is truly valuable consists in the favour, [[peace]], and image of [[God]], and a life spent to his glory, in promoting the welfare of our fellow-creatures.
----
'''Chapter''' 3
Genealogies.
--Of all the families of [[Israel]], none were so illustrious as the family of [[David]]: here we have a full account of it. From this family, as concerning the flesh, [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] came. The attentive observer will perceive that the [[children]] of the righteous enjoy many advantages.
----
'''Chapter''' 4
Genealogies.
--In this Chapter we have a further account of [[Judah]], the most numerous and most famous of all the tribes; also an account of Simeon. The most remarkable person in this Chapter is Jabez. We are not told upon what account Jabez was more honourable than his brethren; but we find that he was a praying man. The way to be truly great, is to seek to do [[God]]'s will, and to pray earnestly. Here is the [[prayer]] he made. Jabez prayed to the living and true [[God]], who alone can hear and answer [[prayer]]; and, in [[prayer]] he regarded him as a [[God]] in covenant with his people. He does not express his promise, but leaves it to be understood; he was afraid to promise in his own strength, and resolved to devote himself entirely to [[God]]. [[Lord]], if thou wilt bless me and keep me, do what thou wilt with me; I will be at thy command and disposal for ever. As the text reads it, this was the language of a most ardent and affectionate desire, Oh that thou wouldest bless me! Four things Jabez prayed for. 1. That [[God]] would bless him indeed. Spiritual blessings are the best blessings: [[God]]'s blessings are real things, and produce real effects. 2. That He would enlarge his coast. That [[God]] would enlarge our hearts, and so enlarge our portion in himself, and in the heavenly Canaan, ought to be our desire and [[prayer]]. 3. That [[God]]'s hand might be with him. [[God]]'s hand with us, to lead us, protect us, strengthen us, and to work all our works in us and for us, is a hand all-sufficient for us. 4. That he would keep him from evil, the evil of [[sin]], the evil of trouble, all the evil designs of his enemies, that they might not hurt, nor make him a Jabez indeed, a man of sorrow. [[God]] granted that which he requested. [[God]] is ever ready to hear [[prayer]]: his ear is not now heavy.
----
'''Chapter''' 5
Genealogies.
--This Chapter gives some account of the two tribes and a half seated on the east side of Jordan. They were made captives by the king of Assyria, because they had forsaken the [[Lord]]. Only two things are here recorded concerning these tribes. 1. They all shared in a victory. Happy is that people who live in harmony together, who assist each other against the common enemies of their souls, trusting in the [[Lord]], and calling upon him. 2. They shared in captivity. They would have the best land, not considering that it lay most exposed. The desire of earthly objects draws to a distance from [[God]]'s ordinances, and prepares men for destruction.
----
'''Chapter''' 6
Genealogies.
--We have an account of Levi in this Chapter. The priests and [[Levites]] were more concerned than any other [[Israelites]], to preserve their descent clear, and to be able to prove it; because all the honours and privileges of their office depended upon their descent. Now, the [[Spirit]] of [[God]] calls ministers to their work, without any limit as to the families they came from; and then, as now, though [[believer]]s and ministers may be very useful to the [[church]], none but our great High Priest can make atonement for [[sin]], nor can any be accepted but through his atonement.
----
'''Chapter''' 7
Genealogies.
--Here is no account either of Zebulun or Dan. We can assign no reason why they only should be omitted; but it is the disgrace of the tribe of Dan, that [[idolatry]] began in that colony which fixed in Laish, and called it Dan, Jud 18 and there one of the golden calves was set up by Jeroboam. Dan is omitted, Re 7. Men become abominable when they forsake the [[worship]] of the true [[God]], for any creature object.
----
'''Chapter''' 8
Genealogies.
--Here is a larger list of Benjamin's tribe. We may suppose that many things in these genealogies, which to us seem difficult, abrupt, and perplexed, were plain and easy at that time, and fully answered the intention for which they were published. Many great and mighty nations then were in being upon earth, and many illustrious men, whose names are now wholly forgotten; while the names of multitudes of the [[Israel]] of [[God]] are here kept in everlasting remembrance. The memory of the just is blessed.
----
'''Chapter''' 9
Genealogies.
--This Chapter expresses that one end of recording all these genealogies was, to direct the [[Jews]], when they returned out of captivity, with whom to unite, and where to reside. Here is an account of the good state into which the affairs of [[religion]] were put, on the return from Babylon. Every one knew his charge. Work is likely to be done well when every one knows the duty of his place, and makes a business of it. [[God]] is the [[God]] of order. Thus was the [[temple]] a figure of the heavenly one, where they rest not day nor night from praising [[God]], Re 4:8. Blessed be His name, [[believer]]s there shall, not in turn, but all together, without interruption, praise him night and day: may the [[Lord]] make each of us fit for the inheritance of the saints in light.
----
'''Chapter''' 10
The [[death]] of Saul.
--The design chiefly in view in these books of the Chronicles, appears to be to preserve the records of the house of [[David]]. Therefore the writer repeats not the history of Saul's reign, but only of his death, by which a way was made for [[David]] to the throne. And from the ruin of Saul, we may learn, 1. That the [[sin]] of sinners will certainly find them out, sooner or later; [[Saul]]died for his transgression. 2. That no man's greatness can exempt him from the judgments of [[God]]. 3. Disobedience is a killing thing. [[Saul]]died for not keeping the word of the [[Lord]]. May be delivered from unbelief, impatience, and despair. By waiting on the [[Lord]] we shall obtain a kingdom that cannot be moved.
----
'''Chapter''' 11
''Chapter Outline''
[[David]] raised to the throne.
(1-9)
A list of [[David]]'s mighty men.
(10-47)
'''Verses''' 1-9
[[David]] was brought to possess the throne of [[Israel]] after he had reigned seven years in Hebron, over [[Judah]] only. [[God]]'s counsels will be fulfilled at last, whatever difficulties lie in the way. The way to be truly great, is to be really useful, to devote all our talents to the [[Lord]].
'''Verses''' 10-47
An account is given of [[David]]'s worthies, the great men who served him. Yet [[David]] reckoned his success, not as from the mighty men that were with him, but from the mighty [[God]], whose presence is all in all. In strengthening him, they strengthened themselves and their own interest, for his advancement was theirs. We shall gain by what we do in our places for the support of the kingdom of the Son of [[David]]; and those that are faithful to Him, shall find their names registered much more to their honour, than these are in the records of fame.
----
'''Chapter''' 12
''Chapter Outline''
Those who came to [[David]] at Ziklag.
(1-22)
Those who came to Hebron.
(23-40)
'''Verses''' 1-22
Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as [[David]]'s friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the [[believer]] from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these attempts, will find abundant recompence. From the words of Amasai we may learn how to testify our affection and allegiance to the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]]; his we must be throughly; on his side we must be forward to appear and act. If we are under the influence of the [[Spirit]], we shall desire to have our lot among them, and to declare ourselves on their side; if in [[faith]] and [[love]] we embrace the cause of [[Christ]], he will receive, employ, and advance us.
'''Verses''' 23-40
When the throne of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great [[joy]] in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the [[Saviour]] [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], the Son of [[David]]; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose earnest endeavours to do good are directed by the wisdom that [[God]] giveth, through acquaintance with his word, experience, and observation. If any man lack this wisdom, let him ask it of [[God]], who giveth to all men liberally, and upbraideth not, and it shall be given him.
----
'''Chapter''' 13
''Chapter Outline''
[[David]] consults about the ark.
(1-5)
The removal of the ark.
(6-14)
'''Verses''' 1-5
[[David]] said not, What magnificent thing shall I do now? or, What pleasant thing? but, What pious thing? that he might have the comfort and benefit of that sacred oracle. Let us bring the ark to us, that it may be a blessing to us. Those who honour [[God]], profit themselves. It is the wisdom of those setting out in the world, to take [[God]]'s ark with them. Those are likely to go on in the favour of [[God]], who begin in the [[fear]] of [[God]]. (1Ch 13:6-14)
'''Verses''' 6-14
Let the [[sin]] of Uzza warn all to take heed of presumption, rashness, and irreverence, in dealing with holy things; and let none think that a good design will justify a bad action. Let the punishment of Uzza teach us not to dare to trifle with [[God]] in our approaches to him; yet let us, through [[Christ]], come boldly to the throne of grace. If the [[gospel]] be to some a savour of [[death]] unto death, as the ark was to Uzza, yet let us receive it in the [[love]] of it, and it will be to us a savour of life unto life.
----
'''Chapter''' 14
[[David]]'s victories.
--In this Chapter we have an account of, 1. [[David]]'s kingdom established. 2. His family built up. 3. His enemies defeated. This is repeated from 2Sa 5. Let the fame of [[David]] be looked upon as a type and figure of the exalted honour of the Son of [[David]].
----
'''Chapter''' 15
''Chapter Outline''
Preparations for the removal of the ark.
(1-24)
The removal of the ark.
(25-29)
'''Verses''' 1-24
Wise and good men may be guilty of oversights, which they will correct, as soon as they are aware of them. [[David]] does not try to justify what had been done amiss, nor to lay the blame on others; but he owns himself guilty, with others, of not seeking [[God]] in due order
'''Verses''' 25-29
It is good to notice the assistance of [[Divine]] Providence, even in things which fall within the compass of our natural powers; if [[God]] did not help us, we could not stir a step. If we do our religious duties in any degree aright, we must own it was [[God]] that helped us; had we been left to ourselves, we should have been guilty of some fatal errors. And every thing in which we engage, must be done in dependence on the [[mercy]] of [[God]] through the sacrifice of the [[Redeemer]].
----
'''Chapter''' 16
''Chapter Outline''
The solemnity with which the ark was fixed.
(1-6)
[[David]]'s psalm of praise.
(7-36)
Setting in order the [[worship]] of [[God]].
(37-43)
'''Verses''' 1-6
Though [[God]]'s word and ordinances may be clouded and eclipsed for a time, they shall shine out of obscurity. This was but a tent, a humble dwelling, yet this was the tabernacle which [[David]], in his psalms, often speaks of with so much affection. [[David]] showed himself generous to his subjects, as he had found [[God]] gracious to him. Those whose hearts are enlarged with holy joy, should show it by being open-handed.
'''Verses''' 7-36
Let [[God]] be glorified in our praises. Let others be edified and taught, that strangers to him may be led to adore him. Let us ourselves triumph and [[trust]] in [[God]]. Those that give [[glory]] to [[God]]'s name are allowed to [[glory]] in it. Let the everlasting covenant be the great matter of our [[joy]] his people of old, be remembered by us with thankfulness to him. Show forth from day to day his [[salvation]], his promised [[salvation]] by [[Christ]]. We have reason to celebrate that from day to day; for we daily receive the benefit, and it is a subject that can never be exhausted. In the midst of praises, we must not forget to pray for the servants of [[God]] in distress.
'''Verses''' 37-43
The [[worship]] of [[God]] ought to be the work of every day. [[David]] put it into order. At [[Jerusalem]], where the ark was, Asaph and his brethren were to minister before the ark continually, with songs of praise. No sacrifices were offered there, nor incense burnt, because the altars were not there; but [[David]]'s [[prayer]]s were directed as incense, and the lifting up of his hands as the evening sacrifice. So early did spiritual [[worship]] take place of ceremonial. Yet the ceremonial worship, being of [[Divine]] institution, must by no means be omitted; therefore at Gibeon, at the altars, the priests attended; for their work was to sacrifice and burn incense; and that they did continually, morning and evening, according to the law of [[Moses]]. As the ceremonies were types of the mediation of [[Christ]], the observance of them was of great consequence. The attendance of his appointed ministers is right in itself, and encourages the people.
----
'''Chapter''' 17
[[David]]'s purposes; [[God]]'s gracious promises.
--This Chapter is the same as 2Sa 7. See what is there said upon it. It is very observable that what in [[Samuel]] is said to be, "for thy word's sake," is here said to be, "for thy servant's sake," ver. #(19). [[Jesus]] [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is both the Word of [[God]], Re 19:13, and the Servant of [[God]], Isa 42:1; and it is for his sake, upon account of his mediation, that the promises are made good to all [[believer]]s; it is in him, that they are yea and amen. For His sake it is done, for his sake it is made known; to him we owe all this greatness, from him we are to expect all these great things. They are the unsearchable riches of [[Christ]], which, if by [[faith]] we see in themselves, and see in the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]], we cannot but magnify as the only true greatness, and speak honourably of them. For this blessedness may we look amidst the trials of life, and when we feel the hand of [[death]] upon us; and seek it for our [[children]] after us.
----
'''Chapter''' 18
[[David]]'s victories.
--This Chapter is the same as 2Sa 8. Our good fight of faith, under the Captain of our [[salvation]], will end in everlasting triumph and [[peace]]. The happiness of [[Israel]], through [[David]]'s victories, and just government, faintly shadowed forth the happiness of the redeemed in the realms above.
----
'''Chapter''' 19
[[David]]'s wars.
--The history is here repeated which we read 2Sa 10. The only safety of sinners consists in submitting to the [[Lord]], seeking [[peace]] with him, and becoming his servants. Let us assist each other in a good cause; but let us [[fear]] lest, while made instruments of good to others, we should come short of [[salvation]], through unbelief and sin.
----
'''Chapter''' 20
[[David]]'s wars.
--Though the [[Lord]] will severely correct the sins of his believing people, he will not leave them in the hands of their enemies. His assistance will overcome all advantages of number and strength of those that defy his [[Israel]]. All that [[trust]] in [[Christ]], shall be made more than conquerors through him that loveth them.
----
'''Chapter''' 21
[[David]]'s numbering the people.
--No mention is made in this book of [[David]]'s [[sin]] in the matter of Uriah, neither of the troubles that followed it: they had no needful connexion with the subjects here noted. But [[David]]'s [[sin]], in numbering the people, is related: in the atonement made for that [[sin]], there was notice of the place on which the [[temple]] should be built. The command to [[David]] to build an altar, was a blessed token of reconciliation. [[God]] testified his acceptance of [[David]]'s offerings on this altar. Thus [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] was made [[sin]], and a curse for us; it pleased the [[Lord]] to bruise him, that through him, [[God]] might be to us, not a consuming Fire, but a reconciled [[God]]. It is good to continue attendance on those ordinances in which we have experienced the tokens of [[God]]'s presence, and have found that he is with us of a truth. Here [[God]] graciously met me, therefore I will still expect to meet him.
----
'''Chapter''' 22
''Chapter Outline''
[[David]]'s preparations for the temple.
(1-5)
[[David]]'s instructions to [[Solomon]].
(6-16)
The prices commanded to assist.
(17-19)
'''Verses''' 1-5
On occasion of the terrible judgment inflicted on [[Israel]] for the [[sin]] of [[David]], [[God]] pointed out the place where he would have the [[temple]] built; upon which, [[David]] was excited to make preparations for the great work. [[David]] must not build, but he would do all he could; he prepared abundantly before his death. What our hands find to do for [[God]], and our souls, and those round us, let us do it with all our might, before our death; for after [[death]] there is no device nor working. And when the [[Lord]] refuses to employ us in those services which we desired, we must not be discouraged or idle, but do what we can, though in a humbler sphere.
'''Verses''' 6-16
[[David]] gives [[Solomon]] the reason why he should build the temple. Because [[God]] named him. Nothing is more powerful to engage us in any service for [[God]], than to know that we are appointed thereto. Because he would have leisure and opportunity to do it. He should have [[peace]] and quietness. Where [[God]] gives rest, he expects work. Because [[God]] had promised to establish his kingdom. [[God]]'s gracious promises should quicken and strengthen our religious service. [[David]] delivered to [[Solomon]] an account of the vast preparations he had made for this building; not from pride and vain-glory, but to encourage [[Solomon]] to engage cheerfully in the great work. He must not think, by building the temple, to purchase a dispensation to sin; on the contrary, his doing that would not be accepted, if he did not take heed to fulfil the statutes of the [[Lord]]. In our spiritual work, as well as in our spiritual warfare, we have need of courage and resolution. (1Ch 22:17-19)
'''Verses''' 17-19
Whatever is done towards rendering the word of [[God]] generally known and attended to, is like bringing a stone, or an ingot of gold, towards erecting the temple. This should encourage us when we grieve that we do not see more fruit of our labours; much good may appear after our death, which we never thought of. Let us not then be weary of well doing. The work is in the hands of the Prince of [[peace]]. As he, the Author and Finisher of the work, is pleased to employ us as his instruments, let us arise and be doing, encouraging and helping one another; working by his rule, after his example, in dependence on his grace, assured that he will be with us, and that our labour shall not be in vain in the [[Lord]].
----
'''Chapter''' 23
''Chapter Outline''
[[David]] declares [[Solomon]] his successor.
(1-23)
The office of the [[Levites]].
(24-32)
'''Verses''' 1-23
[[David]], having given charge concerning the building of the temple, settles the method of the [[temple]] service, and orders the officers of it. When those of the same family were employed together, it would engage them to [[love]] and assist one another.
'''Verses''' 24-32
Now the people of [[Israel]] were so many, there should be more employed in the [[temple]] service, that every [[Israel]]ite who brought an offering might find a Levite ready to help him. When more work is to be done, it is pity but there should be more workmen. A new heart, a spiritual mind, which delights greatly in [[God]]'s commandments, and can find a refreshing feast in his ordinances, forms the great distinction between the true [[Christian]] and all other men in the world. To the spiritual man every service will yield satisfaction. He will be ever abounding in the work of the [[Lord]]; being never so happy as when employed for such a good Master, in so pleasant a service. He will not regard whether he is called to take the lead, or to keep the charge of others who are placed over him. May we seek and serve the [[Lord]] uprightly, and leave all the rest to his disposal, by [[faith]] in his word.
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'''Chapter''' 24
The divisions of the priests and [[Levites]].
--When every one has, knows, and keeps his place and work, the more there are the better. In the mystical body of [[Christ]], every member has its use, for the good of the whole. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is High Priest over the house of [[God]], to whom all [[believer]]s, being made priests, are to be in subjection. In [[Christ]], no difference is made between bond and free, elder and younger. The younger brethren, if faithful and sincere, shall be no less acceptable to [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] than the fathers. May we all be [[children]] of the [[Lord]], fitted to sing his praises for ever in his temple above.
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'''Chapter''' 25
The singers and musicians.
--[[David]] put those in order who were appointed to be singers and musicians in the temple. To prophesy, in this place, means praising [[God]] with great earnestness and devout affections, under the influences of the [[Holy Spirit]]. In raising these affections, poetry and music were employed. If the [[Spirit]] of [[God]] do not put life and fervour into our devotions, they will, however ordered, be a lifeless, worthless form.
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'''Chapter''' 26
The offices of the [[Levites]].
--The porters and treasurers of the temple, had occasion for strength and valour to oppose those who wrongly attempted to enter the sanctuary, and to guard the sacred treasures. Much was expended daily upon the altar; flour, wine, oil, salt, fuel, beside the lamps; quantities of these were kept beforehand, besides the sacred vestments and utensils. These were the treasures of the house of [[God]]. These treasures typified the plenty there is in our heavenly Father's house, enough and to spare. From those sacred treasuries, the unsearchable riches of [[Christ]], all our wants are supplied; and receiving from his fulness, we must give him the glory, and endeavour to dispose of our abilities and substance according to his will. We have an account of those employed as officers and judges. The magistracy is an ordinance of [[God]] for the good of the [[church]], as truly as the ministry, and must not be neglected. None of the [[Levites]] who were employed in the service of the sanctuary, none of the singers or porters, were concerned in this outward business; one duty was enough to engage the whole man. [[Wisdom]], courage, strength of faith, holy affections, and constancy of mind in doing our duty, are requisite or useful for every station.
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'''Chapter''' 27
''Chapter Outline''
[[David]]'s military force.
(1-15)
Princes and officers.
(16-34)
'''Verses''' 1-15
In the kingdoms of this [[world]] readiness for war forms a security for [[peace]]; in like manner, nothing so much encourages [[Satan]]'s assaults as to be unwatchful. So long as we stand armed with the whole armour of [[God]], in the exercise of faith, and preparation of [[heart]] for the conflict, we shall certainly be safe, and probably enjoy inward [[peace]].
'''Verses''' 16-34
The officers of the court, or the rulers of the king's substance, had the oversight and charge of the king's tillage, his vineyards, his herds, his flocks, which formed the wealth of eastern kings. Much of the wisdom of princes is seen in the choice of their ministry, and common persons show it in the choice of their advisers. [[David]], though he had all these about him, preferred the word of [[God]] before them all. Thy testimonies are my delight and my counsellors.
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'''Chapter''' 28
''Chapter Outline''
[[David]] exhorts the people to the [[fear]] of the [[Lord]].
(1-10)
He gives instructions for the temple.
(11-21)
'''Verses''' 1-10
During [[David]]'s last sickness, many chief priests and [[Levites]] were at [[Jerusalem]]. Finding himself able, [[David]] spoke of his purpose to build a [[temple]] for [[God]], and of [[God]]'s disallowing that purpose. He opened to them [[God]]'s gracious purposes concerning [[Solomon]]. [[David]] charged them to cleave stedfastly to [[God]] and their duty. We cannot do our work as we should, unless we put on resolution, and fetch in strength from Divine grace. Religion or piety has two distinct parts. The first is knowledge of [[God]], the second is [[worship]] of [[God]]. [[David]] says, Know thou the [[God]] of thy father, and serve him with a perfect [[heart]] and a willing mind. [[God]] is made known by his works and word. Revelation alone shows the whole character of [[God]], in his providence, his holy law, his condemnation of sinners, his blessed [[gospel]], and the ministration of the [[Spirit]] to all true [[believer]]s. The natural man cannot receive this knowledge of [[God]]. But thus we learn the value of the [[Saviour]]'s atonement, and of the sanctification of the [[Holy Spirit]], and are influenced to walk in all his commandments. It brings a sinner to his proper place at the foot of the cross, as a poor, guilty, helpless worm, deserving wrath, yet expecting every thing needful from the free [[mercy]] and [[grace]] of [[God]] our Father, and the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] [[Christ]]. Having been forgiven much, the [[pardon]] ed sinner learns to [[love]] much.
'''Verses''' 11-21
The [[temple]] must be a sacred thing, and a type of Christ; it must be framed by [[Divine]] teaching. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is the true temple, the [[church]] is the [[gospel]] temple, and heaven the everlasting temple; all are framed according to the [[Divine]] counsels, and the plan laid in the Divine wisdom, ordained before the world, for [[God]]'s [[glory]] and our good. [[David]] gave this pattern to [[Solomon]], that he might go by rule. Materials were provided for the most costly utensils of the temple. Directions were given which way to look for help in this great undertaking. Be not dismayed; [[God]] will help thee, and thou must look up to him in the first place. We may be sure that [[God]], who owned our fathers, and carried them through the services of their day, will, in like manner, never leave us, while he has any work to do in us, or by us. Good work is likely to go on, when all concerned are hearty in furthering it. Let us [[hope]] in [[God]]'s [[mercy]]; if we seek him, he will be found of us.
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'''Chapter''' 29
''Chapter Outline''
[[David]] induces the princes and people to offer willingly.
(1-9)
His thanksgiving and [[prayer]].
(10-19)
[[Solomon]] enthroned.
(20-25)
[[David]]'s reign and death.
(26-30)
'''Verses''' 1-9
What is done in works of piety and charity, should be done willingly, not by constraint; for [[God]] loves a cheerful giver. [[David]] set a good example. This [[David]] offered, not from constraint, or for show; but because he had set his affection to the house of [[God]], and thought he could never do enough towards promoting that good work. Those who would draw others to good, must lead the way themselves.
'''Verses''' 10-19
We cannot form a right idea of the magnificence of the temple, and the buildings around it, about which such quantities of gold and silver were employed. But the unsearchable riches of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] exceed the splendour of the temple, infinitely more than that surpassed the meanest cottage on earth. Instead of boasting of these large oblations, [[David]] gave solemn thanks to the [[Lord]]. All they gave for the [[Lord]]'s [[temple]] was his own; if they attempted to keep it, [[death]] would soon have removed them from it. The only use they could make of it to their real advantage, was, to consecrate it to the service of Him who gave it.
'''Verses''' 20-25
This great assembly joined with [[David]] in adoring [[God]]. Whoever is the mouth of the congregation, those only have the benefit who join him, not by bowing down the head, so much as by lifting up the soul. [[Solomon]] sat on the throne of the [[Lord]]. [[Solomon]]'s kingdom typified the kingdom of the [[Messiah]], whose throne is the throne of the [[Lord]].
'''Verses''' 26-30
When we read the second book of [[Samuel]], we could scarcely have expected to behold [[David]] appear so illustrious in his closing scene. But his [[Repentance|repentance]] had been as remarkable as his sin; and his conduct during his afflictions, and towards the end of his life, appears to have had a good effect on his subjects. Blessed be [[God]], even the chief of sinners may [[hope]] for a glorious departure, when brought to repent and flee for refuge to the [[Saviour]]'s atoning blood. Let us mark the difference between the spirit and character of the man after [[God]]'s own heart, living and dying, and those of worthless professors, who resemble him in nothing but their sins, and who wickedly try to excuse their crimes by his sins. Let us watch and pray, lest we be overcome by temptation, and overtaken by [[sin]], to the dishonour of [[God]], and the wounding of our own consciences. When we feel that we have offended, let us follow [[David]]'s example of [[Repentance|repentance]] and patience, looking for a glorious resurrection, through our [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] [[Christ]].
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