administrator, Bureaucrats, bureaucrats, checkuser, editor, emailconfirmed, move, Administrators
3,292
edits
Changes
Created page with "{{Infobox_Contents | topic_name = Matthew Henry Concise Bible Commentary : Songs of Solomon | topic_name = Song of Songs | subtopics = Solomon | opinion_pieces = {{short_o..."
{{Infobox_Contents |
topic_name = Matthew Henry Concise Bible Commentary : Songs of Solomon |
topic_name = Song of Songs |
subtopics = [[Solomon]] |
opinion_pieces = {{short_opinions}} |
}}
Read the book of [[Song of Songs|Songs of Solomon]] from the [[Holy Bible|Bible]]
{{chapters}}
[[Song of Songs 1|1]]
[[Song of Songs 2|2]]
[[Song of Songs 3|3]]
[[Song of Songs 4|4]]
[[Song of Songs 5|5]]
[[Song of Songs 6|6]]
[[Song of Songs 7|7]]
[[Song of Songs 8|8]]
==Commentary==
[[Text:MHC Concise Song of Songs 1|1]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Song of Songs 2|2]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Song of Songs 3|3]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Song of Songs 4|4]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Song of Songs 5|5]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Song of Songs 6|6]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Song of Songs 7|7]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Song of Songs 8|8]]
{{mhc import}}
'''Commentary on the book of [[Song of Songs|Songs of Solomon]]'''
This book is a [[Divine]] allegory, which represents the [[love]] between [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] and his [[church]] of true [[believer]]s, under figures taken from the relation and affection that subsist between a bridegroom and his espoused bride; an emblem often employed in Scripture, as describing the nearest, firmest, and most sure relation: see Ps. 45; Is. 54:5,6; 62:5; Jer. 2:2; 3:1; also in Ezekiel, Hosea, and by our [[Lord]] himself, Matt. 9:15; 25:1: see also Rev. 21:2,9; Eph. 5:27. There is no character in the [[church]] of [[Christ]], and no situation in which the [[believer]] is placed, but what may be traced in this book, as humble inquirers will find, on comparing it with other Scriptures, by the assistance of [[God]] the [[Holy Spirit]], in answer to their supplications. Much, however, of the language has been misunderstood by expositors and translators. The difference between the customs and manners of Europe, and those of the East, must especially be kept in view. The little acquaintance with eastern customs possessed by most of our early expositors and translators, has in many cases prevented a correct rendering. Also, the changes in our own language, during the last two or three centuries, affect the manner in which some expressions are viewed, and they must not be judged by modern notions. But the great outlines, rightly interpreted, fully accord with the affections and experience of the sincere [[Christian]].
----
'''Chapter''' 1
The title. (Song 1:1) The [[church]] confesses her deformity. (Song 1:2-6) The [[church]] beseeches [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] to lead her to the resting-place of his people. (Song 1:7,8) [[Christ]]'s commendation of the [[church]], Her esteem for Him. (Song 1:9-17)
Song 1:1 This is "the Song of songs," excellent above any others, for it is wholly taken up with describing the excellences of [[Christ]], and the [[love]] between him and his redeemed people.
Song 1:2-6 The [[church]], or rather the [[believer]], speaks here in the character of the spouse of the King, the [[Messiah]]. The kisses of his mouth mean those assurances of [[pardon]] with which [[believer]]s are favoured, filling them with [[peace]] and [[joy]] in believing, and causing them to abound in [[hope]] by the power of the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]]. Gracious souls take most pleasure in loving [[Christ]], and being loved of him. [[Christ]]'s [[love]] is more valuable and desirable than the best this [[world]] can give. The name of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is not now like ointment sealed up, but like ointment poured forth; which denotes the freeness and fulness of the setting forth of his [[grace]] by the [[gospel]]. Those whom he has redeemed and sanctified, are here the virgins that [[love]] [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], and follow him whithersoever he goes, Rev. 14:4. They entreat him to draw them by the quickening influences of his Spirit. The more clearly we discern [[Christ]]'s glory, the more sensible shall we be that we are unable to follow him suitably, and at the same time be more desirous of doing it. Observe the speedy answer given to this [[prayer]]. Those who wait at [[Wisdom]]'s gate, shall be led into truth and comfort. And being brought into this chamber, our griefs will vanish. We have no [[joy]] but in [[Christ]], and for this we are indebted to him. We will remember to give thanks for thy love; it shall make more lasting impressions upon us than any thing in this world. Nor is any [[love]] acceptable to [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] but [[love]] in sincerity, Eph. 6:24. The daughters of [[Jerusalem]] may mean professors not yet established in the faith. The spouse was black as the tents of the wandering Arabs, but comely as the magnificent curtains in the palaces of [[Solomon]]. The [[believer]] is black, as being defiled and sinful by nature, but comely, as renewed by [[Divine]] [[grace]] to the holy image of [[God]]. He is still deformed with remains of [[sin]], but comely as accepted in [[Christ]]. He is often base and contemptible in the esteem of men, but excellent in the sight of [[God]]. The blackness was owing to the hard usage that had been suffered. The [[children]] of the [[church]], her mother, but not of [[God]], her Father, were angry with her. They had made her suffer hardships, which caused her to neglect the care of her soul. Thus, under the emblem of a poor female, made the chosen partner of a prince, we are led to consider the circumstances in which the [[love]] of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is accustomed to find its objects. They were wretched slaves of [[sin]], in toil, or in sorrow, weary and heavy laden, but how great the change when the [[love]] of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is manifested to their souls!
Song 1:7,8 Observe the title given to [[Christ]], O Thou whom my soul loveth. Those that do so, may come to him boldly, and may humbly plead with him. Is it with [[God]]'s people a noon-time of outward troubles, inward conflicts? [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] has rest for them. Those whose souls love [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], earnestly desire to share in the privileges of his flock. Turning aside from [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is what gracious souls dread more than anything else. [[God]] is ready to answer [[prayer]]. Follow the track, ask for the good old way, observe the footsteps of the flock, look what has been the practice of godly people. Sit under the direction of good ministers; beside the tents of the under shepherds. Bring thy charge with thee, they shall all be welcome. It will be the earnest desire and [[prayer]] of the [[Christian]], that [[God]] would so direct him in his worldly business, and so order his situation and employment, that he may have his [[Lord]] and [[Saviour]] always before him.
Song 1:9-17 The Bridegroom gives high praises of his spouse. In the sight of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] [[believer]]s are the excellent of the earth, fitted to be instruments for promoting his glory. The spiritual gifts and graces which [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] bestows on every true [[believer]], are described by the ornaments then in use, Song 1:10,11. The graces of the saints are many, but there is dependence upon each other. He who is the Author, will be the Finisher of the good work. The [[grace]] received from [[Christ]]'s fulness, springs forth into lively exercises of faith, affection, and gratitude. Yet [[Christ]], not his gifts, is most precious to them. The word translated "camphire," signifies "atonement or propitiation." [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is dear to all [[believer]]s, because he is the propitiation for their sins. No pretender must have his place in the soul. They resolved to lodge him in their hearts all the night; during the continuance of the troubles of life. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] takes delight in the good work which his [[grace]] has wrought on the souls of [[believer]]s. This should engage all who are made holy, to be very thankful for that [[grace]] which has made those fair, who by nature were deformed. The spouse (the [[believer]]) has a humble, modest eye, discovering simplicity and godly sincerity; eyes enlightened and guided by the [[Holy Spirit]], that blessed Dove. The [[church]] expresses her value for [[Christ]]. Thou art the great Original, but I am but a faint and imperfect copy. Many are fair to look at, yet their temper renders them unpleasant: but [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is fair, yet pleasant. The [[believer]], Song 1:16, speaks with praise of those holy ordinances in which true [[believer]]s have fellowship with [[Christ]]. Whether the [[believer]] is in the courts of the [[Lord]], or in retirement; whether following his daily labours, or confined on the bed of sickness, or even in a dungeon, a sense of the [[Divine]] presence will turn the place into a paradise. Thus the soul, daily having fellowship with the Father, the Son, and the [[Holy Spirit]], enjoys a lively [[hope]] of an incorruptible, undefiled, and unfading inheritance above.
----
'''Chapter''' 2
The mutual [[love]] of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] and his [[church]]. (Song 2:1-7) The [[hope]] and calling of the [[church]]. (Song 2:8-13) [[Christ]]'s care of the [[church]], Her [[faith]] and hope. (Song 2:14-17)
Song 2:1-7 Believers are beautiful, as clothed in the righteousness of Christ; and fragrant, as adorned with the graces of his Spirit; and they thrive under the refreshing beams of the Sun of righteousness. The lily is a very noble plant in the East; it grows to a considerable height, but has a weak stem. The [[church]] is weak in herself, yet is strong in Him that supports her. The wicked, the daughters of this world, who have no [[love]] to [[Christ]], are as thorns, worthless and useless, noxious and hurtful. Corruptions are thorns in the flesh; but the lily now among thorns, shall be transplanted into that paradise where there is no brier or thorn. The [[world]] is a barren tree to the soul; but [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is a fruitful one. And when poor souls are parched with convictions of [[sin]], with the terrors of the law, or the troubles of this world, weary and heavy laden, they may find rest in [[Christ]]. It is not enough to pass by this shadow, but we must sit down under it. Believers have tasted that the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] is gracious; his fruits are all the precious privileges of the new covenant, purchased by his blood, and communicated by his Spirit; promises are sweet to a [[believer]], and precepts also. Pardons are sweet, and [[peace]] of conscience sweet. If our mouths are out of taste for the pleasures of [[sin]], Divine consolations will be sweet to us. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] brings the soul to seek and to find comforts through his ordinances, which are as a banqueting-house where his saints feast with him. The [[love]] of [[Christ]], manifested by his death, and by his word, is the banner he displays, and [[believer]]s resort to it. How much better is it with the soul when sick from [[love]] to [[Christ]], than when surfeited with the [[love]] of this world! And though [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] seemed to have withdrawn, yet he was even then a very present help. All his saints are in his hand, which tenderly holds their aching heads. Finding [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] thus nigh to her, the soul is in great care that her communion with him is not interrupted. We easily grieve the [[Spirit]] by wrong tempers. Let those who have comfort, [[fear]] sinning it away.
Song 2:8-13 The [[church]] pleases herself with thoughts of further communion with [[Christ]]. None besides can speak to the heart. She sees him come. This may be applied to the prospect the Old Testament saints had of [[Christ]]'s coming in the flesh. He comes as pleased with his own undertaking. He comes speedily. Even when [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] seems to forsake, it is but for a moment; he will soon return with everlasting loving-kindness. The saints of old saw him, appearing through the sacrifices and ceremonial institutions. We see him through a glass darkly, as he manifests himself through the lattices. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] invites the new convert to arise from sloth and despondency, and to leave sin and worldly vanities, for union and communion with him. The winter may mean years passed in ignorance and [[sin]], unfruitful and miserable, or storms and tempests that accompanied his conviction of guilt and danger. Even the unripe fruits of [[holiness]] are pleasant unto Him whose [[grace]] has produced them. All these encouraging tokens and evidences of [[Divine]] favour, are motives to the soul to follow [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] more fully. Arise then, and come away from the [[world]] and the flesh, come into fellowship with [[Christ]]. This blessed change is owing wholly to the approaches and influences of the Sun of righteousness.
Song 2:14-17 The [[church]] is [[Christ]]'s dove; she returns to him, as her Noah. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is the Rock, in whom alone she can think herself safe, and find herself easy, as a dove in the hole of a rock, when struck at by the birds of prey. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] calls her to come boldly to the throne of grace, having a great High Priest there, to tell what her request is. Speak freely, [[fear]] not a slight or a repulse. The voice of [[prayer]] is sweet and acceptable to [[God]]; those who are sanctified have the best comeliness. The first risings of sinful thoughts and desires, the beginnings of trifling pursuits which waste the time, trifling visits, small departures from truth, whatever would admit some conformity to the world; all these, and many more, are little foxes which must be removed. This is a charge to [[believer]]s to mortify their sinful appetites and passions, which are as little foxes, that destroy their graces and comforts, and crush good beginnings. Whatever we find a hinderance to us in that which is good, we must put away. He feedeth among the lilies; this shows [[Christ]]'s gracious presence among [[believer]]s. He is kind to all his people. It becomes them to believe this, when under desertion and absence, and so to ward off temptations. The shadows of the Jewish dispensation were dispelled by the dawning of the [[gospel]] day. And a day of comfort will come after a night of desertion. Come over the mountains of Bether, "the mountains that divide," looking forward to that day of light and love. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] will come over every separating mountain to take us home to himself.
----
'''Chapter''' 3
The trials of the [[church]] by the withdrawing of [[Christ]]. (Song 3:1-5) The excellences of the [[church]], The care of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] for her. (Song 3:6-11)
Song 3:1-5 It was hard to the Old Testament [[church]] to find [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] in the ceremonial law; the watchmen of that [[church]] gave little assistance to those who sought after him. The night is a time of coldness, darkness, and drowsiness, and of dim apprehensions concerning spiritual things. At first, when uneasy, some feeble efforts are made to obtain the comfort of communion with [[Christ]]. This proves in vain; the [[believer]] is then roused to increased diligence. The streets and broad-ways seem to imply the means of [[grace]] in which the [[Lord]] is to be sought. Application is made to those who watch for men's souls. Immediate satisfaction is not found. We must not rest in any means, but by faith apply directly to [[Christ]]. The holding of [[Christ]], and not letting him go, denotes earnest cleaving to him. What prevails is a humble, ardent suing by [[prayer]], with a lively exercise of [[faith]] on his promises. So long as the [[faith]] of [[believer]]s keeps hold of [[Christ]], he will not be offended at their earnest asking, yea, he is well pleased with it. The [[believer]] desires to make others acquainted with his [[Saviour]]. Wherever we find [[Christ]], we must take him home with us to our houses, especially to our hearts; and we should call upon ourselves and each other, to beware of grieving our holy Comforter, and provoking the departure of the Beloved.
Song 3:6-11 A wilderness is an emblem of the world; the [[believer]] comes out of it when he is delivered from the [[love]] of its sinful pleasures and pursuits, and refuses to comply with its customs and fashions, to seek happiness in communion with the [[Saviour]]. A poor soul shall come up, at last, under the conduct of the Comforter; like a cloud of incense ascending from the altar, or the smoke of the burnt-offerings. This signifies pious and devout affections, and the mounting of the soul heaven-ward. The [[believer]] is filled with the graces of [[God]]'s Spirit; his devotions now are very lively. These graces and comforts are from the heavenly Canaan. He, who is the Peace of his people, the King of the heavenly [[Zion]], has provided for the safe conveyance of his redeemed through the wilderness of this world. The bed, or palanquin, was contrived for rest and easy conveyance, but its beauty and magnificence showed the quality of its owner. The [[church]] is well guarded; more are with her than are against her: [[believer]]s, when they repose in [[Christ]], and with him, though they have their fears in the night, are yet safe. The chariot here denotes the covenant of redemption, the way of our [[salvation]]. This is that work of [[Christ]], which makes him loved and admired in the eyes of [[believer]]s. It is framed and contrived, both for the [[glory]] of [[Christ]], and for the comfort of [[believer]]s; it is well ordered in all things and sure. The blood of the covenant, that rich purple, is the cover of this chariot, by which [[believer]]s are sheltered from the wind and storms of [[Divine]] wrath, and the troubles of this world; but the midst of it is that [[love]] of Christ which passes knowledge, this is for [[believer]]s to repose upon. [[Christ]], in his [[gospel]], manifests himself. Take special notice of his crown. Applying this to [[Christ]], it speaks the honour put upon him, and his power and dominion.
----
'''Chapter''' 4
[[Christ|Jesus Christ]] sets forth the graces of the [[church]]. (Song 4:1-7) [[Christ]]'s love to the [[church]]. (Song 4:8-15) The [[church]] desires further influences of [[Divine]] grace. (Song 4:16)
Song 4:1-7 If each of these comparisons has a meaning applicable to the graces of the [[church]], or of the faithful [[Christian]], they are not clearly known; and great mistakes are made by fanciful guesses. The mountain of myrrh appears to mean the mountain Moriah, on which the [[temple]] was built, where the incense was burned, and the people worshipped the [[Lord]]. This was his residence till the shadows of the law given to [[Moses]] were dispersed by the breaking of the [[gospel]] day, and the rising of the Sun of righteousness. And though, in respect of his human nature, [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is absent from his [[church]] on earth, and will continue to be so till the heavenly day break, yet he is spiritually present in his ordinances, and with his people. How fair and comely are [[believer]]s, when justified in [[Christ]]'s righteousness, and adorned with spiritual graces! when their thoughts, words, and deeds, though imperfect, are pure, manifesting a [[heart]] nourished by the [[gospel]]!
Song 4:8-15 Observe the gracious call [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] gives to the [[church]]. It is, 1. A precept; so this is [[Christ]]'s call to his [[church]] to come off from the world. These hills seem pleasant, but there are in them lions' dens; they are mountains of the leopards. 2. As a promise; many shall be brought as members of the [[church]], from every point. The [[church]] shall be delivered from her persecutors in due time, though now she dwells among lions, Ps. 57:4. [[Christ]]'s [[heart]] is upon his [[church]]; his treasure is therein; and he delights in the affection she has for him; its working in the heart, and its works in the life. The odours wherewith the spouse is perfumed, are as the gifts and graces of the [[Spirit]]. Love and obedience to [[God]] are more pleasing to [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] than sacrifice or incense. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] having put upon his spouse the white raiment of his own righteousness, and the righteousness of saints, and perfumed it with holy [[joy]] and comfort, he is well pleased with it. And [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] walks in his garden unseen. A hedge of protection is made around, which all the powers of darkness cannot break through. The souls of [[believer]]s are as gardens enclosed, where is a well of living water, John 4:14; 7:38, the influences of the [[Holy Spirit]]. The [[world]] knows not these wells of [[salvation]], nor can any opposer corrupt this fountain. Saints in the [[church]], and graces in the saints, are fitly compared to fruits and spices. They are planted, and do not grow of themselves. They are precious; they are the blessings of this earth. They will be kept to good purpose when flowers are withered. Grace, when ended in glory, will last for ever. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is the source which makes these gardens fruitful; even a well of living waters.
Song 4:16 The [[church]] prays for the influences of the blessed Spirit, to make this garden fruitful. Graces in the soul are as spices in these gardens, that in them which is valuable and useful. The blessed Spirit, in his work upon the soul, is as the wind. There is the north wind of conviction, and the south wind of comfort. He stirs up good affections, and works in us both to will and to do that which is good. The [[church]] invites [[Christ]]. Let him have the honour of all the garden produces, and let us have the comfort of his acceptance of it. We can invite him to nothing but what is his own already. The [[believer]] can have no [[joy]] of the fruits, unless they redound some way or other to the [[glory]] of [[Christ]]. Let us then seek to keep separate from the world, as a garden enclosed, and to avoid conformity thereto.
----
'''Chapter''' 5
[[Christ]]'s answer. (Song 5:1) The disappointments of the [[church]] from her own folly. (Song 5:2-8) The excellences of [[Christ]]. (Song 5:9-16)
Song 5:1 See how ready [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is to accept the invitations of his people. What little good there is in us would be lost, if he did not preserve it to himself. He also invites his beloved people to eat and drink abundantly. The ordinances in which they honour him, are means of grace.
Song 5:2-8 Churches and [[believer]]s, by carelessness and security, provoke [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] to withdraw. We ought to notice our spiritual slumbers and distempers. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] knocks to awaken us, knocks by his word and Spirit, knocks by afflictions and by our consciences; thus, Rev. 3:20. When we are unmindful of [[Christ]], still he thinks of us. [[Christ]]'s love to us should engage ours to him, even in the most self-denying instances; and we only can be gainers by it. Careless souls put slights on [[Jesus]] [[Christ]]. Another could not be sent to open the door. Christ calls to us, but we have no mind, or pretend we have no strength, or we have no time, and think we may be excused. Making excuses is making light of [[Christ]]. Those put contempt upon [[Christ]], who cannot find in their hearts to bear a cold blast, or to leave a warm bed for him. See the powerful influences of [[Divine]] grace. He put in his hand to unbolt the door, as one weary of waiting. This betokens a work of the [[Spirit]] upon the soul. The [[believer]]'s rising above self-indulgence, seeking by [[prayer]] for the consolations of [[Christ]], and to remove every hinderance to communion with him; these actings of the soul are represented by the hands dropping sweet-smelling myrrh upon the handles of the locks. But the Beloved was gone! By absenting himself, [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] will teach his people to value his gracious visits more highly. Observe, the soul still calls [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] her Beloved. Every desertion is not despair. [[Lord]], I believe, though I must say, [[Lord]], help my unbelief. His words melted me, yet, wretch that I was, I made excuses. The smothering and stifling of convictions will be very bitter to think of, when [[God]] opens our eyes. The soul went in pursuit of him; not only prayed, but used means, sought him in the ways wherein he used to be found. The watchmen wounded me. Some refer it to those who misapply the word to awakened consciences. The charge to the daughters of [[Jerusalem]], seems to mean the distressed [[believer]]'s desire of the [[prayer]]s of the feeblest [[Christian]]. Awakened souls are more sensible of [[Christ]]'s withdrawings than of any other trouble.
Song 5:9-16 Even those who have little acquaintance with [[Christ]], cannot but see amiable beauty in others who bear his image. There are hopes of those who begin to inquire concerning [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] and his perfections. [[Christians]], who are well acquainted with [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] themselves, should do all they can to make others know something of him. [[Divine]] [[glory]] makes him truly lovely in the eyes of all who are enlightened to discern spiritual things. He is white in the spotless innocence of his life, ruddy in the bleeding sufferings he went through at his death. This description of the person of the Beloved, would form, in the figurative language of those times, a portrait of beauty of person and of [[grace]] of manners; but the aptness of some of the allusions may not appear to us. He shall come to be glorified in his saints, and to be admired in all that believe. May his [[love]] constrain us to live to his glory.
----
'''Chapter''' 6
Inquiry where [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] must be sought. (Song 6:1) Where [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] may be found. (Song 6:2,3) [[Christ]]'s commendations of the [[church]]. (Song 6:4-10) The work of [[grace]] in the [[believer]]. (Song 6:11-13)
Song 6:1 Those made acquainted with the excellences of [[Christ]], and the comfort of an interest in him, desire to know where they may meet him. Those who would find [[Christ]], must seek him early and diligently.
Song 6:2,3 [[Christ]]'s [[church]] is a garden, enclosed, and separated from the world; he takes care of it, delights in it, and visits it. Those who would find [[Christ]], must attend him in his ordinances, the word, sacraments, and [[prayer]]. When [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] comes to his [[church]], it is to entertain his friends. And to take [[believer]]s to himself: he picks the lilies one by one; and at the great day he will send forth his angels to gather all his lilies, that he may be for ever admired in them. The [[death]] of a [[believer]] is not more than the owner of a garden plucking a favourite flower; and He will preserve it from withering, yea, cause it to flourish for ever, with increasing beauty. If our own hearts can witness for us that we are [[Christ]]'s, question not his being ours, for the covenant never breaks on his side. It is the comfort of the [[church]], that he feeds among the lilies, that he takes delight in his people.
Song 6:4-10 All the real excellence and [[holiness]] on earth centre in the [[church]]. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] goes forth subduing his enemies, while his followers gain victories over the world, the flesh, and the devil. He shows the tenderness of a [[Redeemer]], the delight he takes in his redeemed people, and the workings of his own [[grace]] in them. True [[believer]]s alone can possess the beauty of [[holiness]]. And when their real character is known, it will be commended. Both the [[church]] and [[believer]]s, at their first conversion, look forth as the morning, their light being small, but increasing. As to their sanctification, they are fair as the moon, deriving all their light, grace, and [[holiness]] from Christ; and as to justification, clear as the sun, clothed with [[Christ]], the Sun of righteousness, and fighting the good fight of faith, under the banners of [[Christ]], against all spiritual enemies.
Song 6:11-13 In retirement and in meditation the [[Christian]] character is formed and perfected. But not in the retirement of the idle, the self-indulgent, or the trifler. When the [[Christian]] is released from the discharge of his duties in life, the [[world]] has no attractions for him. His [[prayer]] is, that all things belonging to the [[Spirit]] may live and grow within him, and around him. Such are the interesting cares and employments of him whom the [[world]] wrongly deems unhappy, and lost to his true interests. In humility and self-abasement, the humble [[Christian]] would turn away from the sight of all; but the [[Lord]] delights to honour him. Chiefly, however, may the reference be to the ministering angels who shall be sent for the soul of the [[Christian]]. Their approach may startle, but the departing soul shall find the [[Lord]] its strength and its portion for ever. The [[church]] is called the Shulamite: the word signifies perfection and [[peace]]; not in herself, but in [[Christ]], in whom she is complete, through his righteousness; and has [[peace]], which he made for her through his blood, and gives unto her by his Spirit.
----
'''Chapter''' 7
The graces of the [[church]]. (Song 7:1-9) The delight of the [[church]] in [[Christ]]. (Song 7:10-13)
Song 7:1-9 The similitudes here are different from what they were before, and in the original refer to glorious and splendid clothing. Such honour have all his saints; and having put on [[Christ]], they are distinguished by their beautiful and glorious apparel. They adorn the doctrine of [[God]] their [[Saviour]] in all things. Consistent [[believer]]s honour [[Christ]], recommend the [[gospel]], and convince and awaken sinners. The [[church]] resembles the stately and spreading palm; while her [[love]] for [[Christ]], and the obedience resulting therefrom, are precious fruit of the true Vine. The King is held in the galleries. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] takes delight in the assemblies and ordinances of his people; and admires the fruit of his [[grace]] in them. When applied to the [[church]] and to each faithful [[Christian]], all this denotes that beauty of [[holiness]], in which they shall be presented to their heavenly Bridegroom.
Song 7:10-13 The [[church]], the believing soul, triumphs in its relation to [[Christ]], and interest in him. She humbly desires communion with him. Let us walk together, that I may receive counsel, instruction, and comfort from thee; and may make known my wants and my grievances to thee, with freedom, and without interruption. Communion with [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is what all that are made holy earnestly breathe after. And those who would conVerse with [[Christ]], must go forth from the world. Wherever we are, we may keep up communion with [[God]]. Nor should we go where we cannot in [[faith]] ask him to go with us. Those who would go abroad with [[Christ]], must begin early in the morning of their days; must begin every day with him, seek him early, seek him diligently. A gracious soul can reconcile itself to the poorest places, if it may have communion with [[God]] in them; but the most delightful fields will not satisfy, unless the Beloved is there. Let us not think to be satisfied with any earthly object. Our own souls are our vineyards; they should be planted with useful trees. We should often search whether we are fruitful in righteousness. [[Christ]]'s presence will make the vine flourish, and the tender grapes appear, as the returning sun revives the gardens. If we can appeal to him, Thou knowest all things, thou knowest that I love thee; if his [[Spirit]] witness with our spirit, that our souls prosper, it is enough. And we must beg of him to search and try us, to discover us to ourselves. The fruits and exercises of graces are pleasant to the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]]. These must be laid up, and always ready; that by our bringing forth much fruit, he may be glorified. It is all from him, therefore it is fit it should be all for him.
----
'''Chapter''' 8
Desire for communion with [[Christ]]. (Song 8:1-4) The vehemence of this desire. (Song 8:5-7) The [[church]] pleads for others. (Song 8:8-12) And prays for [[Christ]]'s coming. (Song 8:13,14)
Song 8:1-4 The [[church]] wishes for the constant intimacy and freedom with the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] that a sister has with a brother. That they might be as his brethren, which they are, when by [[grace]] they are made partakers of a [[Divine]] nature. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is become as our Brother; wherever we find him, let us be ready to own our relation to him, and affection for him, and not [[fear]] being despised for it. Is there in us an ardent wish to serve [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] more and better? What then have we laid up in store, to show our affection to the Beloved of our souls? What fruit unto [[holiness]]? The [[church]] charges all her [[children]] that they never provoke [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] to withdraw. We should reason with ourselves, when tempted to do what would grieve the [[Spirit]].
Song 8:5-7 The Jewish [[church]] came up from the wilderness, supported by [[Divine]] power and favour. The [[Christian]] [[church]] was raised from a low, desolate condition, by the [[grace]] of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] relied on. Believers, by the power of grace, are brought up from the wilderness. A sinful state is a wilderness in which there is no true comfort; it is a wandering, wanting state: There is no coming out of this wilderness, but leaning on [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] as our Beloved, by faith; not leaning to our own understanding, nor trusting in any righteousness of our own; but in the strength of him, who is the [[Lord]] our [[Righteousness]]. The words of the [[church]] to [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] which follow, entreat an abiding place in his love, and protection by his power. Set me as a seal upon thine heart; let me always have a place in thine heart; let me have an impression of love upon thine heart. Of this the soul would be assured, and without a sense thereof no rest is to be found. Those who truly [[love]] [[Christ]], are jealous of every thing that would draw them from him; especially of themselves, lest they should do any thing to provoke him to withdraw from them. If we [[love]] [[Christ]], the [[fear]] of coming short of his love, or the [[temptations]] to forsake him, will be most painful to us. No waters can quench [[Christ]]'s [[love]] to us, nor any floods drown it. Let nothing abate our [[love]] to him. Nor will life, and all its comforts, entice a [[believer]] from loving [[Christ]]. Love of [[Christ]], will enable us to repel and triumph over [[temptations]] from the smiles of the world, as well as from its frowns.
Song 8:8-12 The [[church]] pleads for the [[Gentiles]], who then had not the word of [[God]], nor the means of grace. Those who are brought to Christ themselves, should contrive what they may do to help others to him. Babes in [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] are always seen among [[Christians]], and the welfare of their weak brethren is an object of continual [[prayer]] with the stronger [[believer]]s. If the beginning of this work were likened to a wall built upon Him the precious Foundation and Corner-stone, then the Gentile [[church]] would become as a palace for the great King, built of solid silver. If the first preaching of the [[gospel]] were as the making a door through the wall of partition, that door should be lasting, as cased with boards of durable cedar. She shall be carefully and effectually protected, enclosed so as to receive no damage. The [[church]] is full of care for those yet uncalled. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] says, I will do all that is necessary to be done for them. See with what satisfaction we should look back upon the times and seasons, when we were in his eyes as those that find favour. Our hearts are our vineyards, which we must keep with all diligence. To [[Christ]], and to his praise, all our fruits must be dedicated. All that work for [[Christ]], work for themselves, and shall be unspeakable gainers by it.
Song 8:13,14 These Verses close the conference between [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] and his [[church]]. He first addresses her as dwelling in the gardens, the assemblies and ordinances of his saints. He exhorts her to be constant and frequent in [[prayer]]s, supplications, and praises, in which he delights. She replies, craving his speedy return to take her to be wholly with Him. The heavens, those high mountains of sweet spices, must contain [[Christ]], till the times come, when every eye shall see him, in all the [[glory]] of the better world. True [[believer]]s as they are looking for, so they are hastening to the coming of that day of the [[Lord]]. Let every [[Christian]] endeavour to perform the duties of his station, that men may see his good works, and glorify his heavenly Father. Continuing earnest in [[prayer]] for what we want, our thanksgivings will abound, and our [[joy]] will be full; our souls will be enriched, and our labours prospered. We shall be enabled to look forward to [[death]] and judgment without fear. Even so, come, [[Lord]] [[Jesus]].
{{mhc bottom}}
topic_name = Matthew Henry Concise Bible Commentary : Songs of Solomon |
topic_name = Song of Songs |
subtopics = [[Solomon]] |
opinion_pieces = {{short_opinions}} |
}}
Read the book of [[Song of Songs|Songs of Solomon]] from the [[Holy Bible|Bible]]
{{chapters}}
[[Song of Songs 1|1]]
[[Song of Songs 2|2]]
[[Song of Songs 3|3]]
[[Song of Songs 4|4]]
[[Song of Songs 5|5]]
[[Song of Songs 6|6]]
[[Song of Songs 7|7]]
[[Song of Songs 8|8]]
==Commentary==
[[Text:MHC Concise Song of Songs 1|1]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Song of Songs 2|2]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Song of Songs 3|3]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Song of Songs 4|4]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Song of Songs 5|5]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Song of Songs 6|6]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Song of Songs 7|7]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Song of Songs 8|8]]
{{mhc import}}
'''Commentary on the book of [[Song of Songs|Songs of Solomon]]'''
This book is a [[Divine]] allegory, which represents the [[love]] between [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] and his [[church]] of true [[believer]]s, under figures taken from the relation and affection that subsist between a bridegroom and his espoused bride; an emblem often employed in Scripture, as describing the nearest, firmest, and most sure relation: see Ps. 45; Is. 54:5,6; 62:5; Jer. 2:2; 3:1; also in Ezekiel, Hosea, and by our [[Lord]] himself, Matt. 9:15; 25:1: see also Rev. 21:2,9; Eph. 5:27. There is no character in the [[church]] of [[Christ]], and no situation in which the [[believer]] is placed, but what may be traced in this book, as humble inquirers will find, on comparing it with other Scriptures, by the assistance of [[God]] the [[Holy Spirit]], in answer to their supplications. Much, however, of the language has been misunderstood by expositors and translators. The difference between the customs and manners of Europe, and those of the East, must especially be kept in view. The little acquaintance with eastern customs possessed by most of our early expositors and translators, has in many cases prevented a correct rendering. Also, the changes in our own language, during the last two or three centuries, affect the manner in which some expressions are viewed, and they must not be judged by modern notions. But the great outlines, rightly interpreted, fully accord with the affections and experience of the sincere [[Christian]].
----
'''Chapter''' 1
The title. (Song 1:1) The [[church]] confesses her deformity. (Song 1:2-6) The [[church]] beseeches [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] to lead her to the resting-place of his people. (Song 1:7,8) [[Christ]]'s commendation of the [[church]], Her esteem for Him. (Song 1:9-17)
Song 1:1 This is "the Song of songs," excellent above any others, for it is wholly taken up with describing the excellences of [[Christ]], and the [[love]] between him and his redeemed people.
Song 1:2-6 The [[church]], or rather the [[believer]], speaks here in the character of the spouse of the King, the [[Messiah]]. The kisses of his mouth mean those assurances of [[pardon]] with which [[believer]]s are favoured, filling them with [[peace]] and [[joy]] in believing, and causing them to abound in [[hope]] by the power of the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]]. Gracious souls take most pleasure in loving [[Christ]], and being loved of him. [[Christ]]'s [[love]] is more valuable and desirable than the best this [[world]] can give. The name of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is not now like ointment sealed up, but like ointment poured forth; which denotes the freeness and fulness of the setting forth of his [[grace]] by the [[gospel]]. Those whom he has redeemed and sanctified, are here the virgins that [[love]] [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], and follow him whithersoever he goes, Rev. 14:4. They entreat him to draw them by the quickening influences of his Spirit. The more clearly we discern [[Christ]]'s glory, the more sensible shall we be that we are unable to follow him suitably, and at the same time be more desirous of doing it. Observe the speedy answer given to this [[prayer]]. Those who wait at [[Wisdom]]'s gate, shall be led into truth and comfort. And being brought into this chamber, our griefs will vanish. We have no [[joy]] but in [[Christ]], and for this we are indebted to him. We will remember to give thanks for thy love; it shall make more lasting impressions upon us than any thing in this world. Nor is any [[love]] acceptable to [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] but [[love]] in sincerity, Eph. 6:24. The daughters of [[Jerusalem]] may mean professors not yet established in the faith. The spouse was black as the tents of the wandering Arabs, but comely as the magnificent curtains in the palaces of [[Solomon]]. The [[believer]] is black, as being defiled and sinful by nature, but comely, as renewed by [[Divine]] [[grace]] to the holy image of [[God]]. He is still deformed with remains of [[sin]], but comely as accepted in [[Christ]]. He is often base and contemptible in the esteem of men, but excellent in the sight of [[God]]. The blackness was owing to the hard usage that had been suffered. The [[children]] of the [[church]], her mother, but not of [[God]], her Father, were angry with her. They had made her suffer hardships, which caused her to neglect the care of her soul. Thus, under the emblem of a poor female, made the chosen partner of a prince, we are led to consider the circumstances in which the [[love]] of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is accustomed to find its objects. They were wretched slaves of [[sin]], in toil, or in sorrow, weary and heavy laden, but how great the change when the [[love]] of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is manifested to their souls!
Song 1:7,8 Observe the title given to [[Christ]], O Thou whom my soul loveth. Those that do so, may come to him boldly, and may humbly plead with him. Is it with [[God]]'s people a noon-time of outward troubles, inward conflicts? [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] has rest for them. Those whose souls love [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], earnestly desire to share in the privileges of his flock. Turning aside from [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is what gracious souls dread more than anything else. [[God]] is ready to answer [[prayer]]. Follow the track, ask for the good old way, observe the footsteps of the flock, look what has been the practice of godly people. Sit under the direction of good ministers; beside the tents of the under shepherds. Bring thy charge with thee, they shall all be welcome. It will be the earnest desire and [[prayer]] of the [[Christian]], that [[God]] would so direct him in his worldly business, and so order his situation and employment, that he may have his [[Lord]] and [[Saviour]] always before him.
Song 1:9-17 The Bridegroom gives high praises of his spouse. In the sight of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] [[believer]]s are the excellent of the earth, fitted to be instruments for promoting his glory. The spiritual gifts and graces which [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] bestows on every true [[believer]], are described by the ornaments then in use, Song 1:10,11. The graces of the saints are many, but there is dependence upon each other. He who is the Author, will be the Finisher of the good work. The [[grace]] received from [[Christ]]'s fulness, springs forth into lively exercises of faith, affection, and gratitude. Yet [[Christ]], not his gifts, is most precious to them. The word translated "camphire," signifies "atonement or propitiation." [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is dear to all [[believer]]s, because he is the propitiation for their sins. No pretender must have his place in the soul. They resolved to lodge him in their hearts all the night; during the continuance of the troubles of life. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] takes delight in the good work which his [[grace]] has wrought on the souls of [[believer]]s. This should engage all who are made holy, to be very thankful for that [[grace]] which has made those fair, who by nature were deformed. The spouse (the [[believer]]) has a humble, modest eye, discovering simplicity and godly sincerity; eyes enlightened and guided by the [[Holy Spirit]], that blessed Dove. The [[church]] expresses her value for [[Christ]]. Thou art the great Original, but I am but a faint and imperfect copy. Many are fair to look at, yet their temper renders them unpleasant: but [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is fair, yet pleasant. The [[believer]], Song 1:16, speaks with praise of those holy ordinances in which true [[believer]]s have fellowship with [[Christ]]. Whether the [[believer]] is in the courts of the [[Lord]], or in retirement; whether following his daily labours, or confined on the bed of sickness, or even in a dungeon, a sense of the [[Divine]] presence will turn the place into a paradise. Thus the soul, daily having fellowship with the Father, the Son, and the [[Holy Spirit]], enjoys a lively [[hope]] of an incorruptible, undefiled, and unfading inheritance above.
----
'''Chapter''' 2
The mutual [[love]] of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] and his [[church]]. (Song 2:1-7) The [[hope]] and calling of the [[church]]. (Song 2:8-13) [[Christ]]'s care of the [[church]], Her [[faith]] and hope. (Song 2:14-17)
Song 2:1-7 Believers are beautiful, as clothed in the righteousness of Christ; and fragrant, as adorned with the graces of his Spirit; and they thrive under the refreshing beams of the Sun of righteousness. The lily is a very noble plant in the East; it grows to a considerable height, but has a weak stem. The [[church]] is weak in herself, yet is strong in Him that supports her. The wicked, the daughters of this world, who have no [[love]] to [[Christ]], are as thorns, worthless and useless, noxious and hurtful. Corruptions are thorns in the flesh; but the lily now among thorns, shall be transplanted into that paradise where there is no brier or thorn. The [[world]] is a barren tree to the soul; but [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is a fruitful one. And when poor souls are parched with convictions of [[sin]], with the terrors of the law, or the troubles of this world, weary and heavy laden, they may find rest in [[Christ]]. It is not enough to pass by this shadow, but we must sit down under it. Believers have tasted that the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] is gracious; his fruits are all the precious privileges of the new covenant, purchased by his blood, and communicated by his Spirit; promises are sweet to a [[believer]], and precepts also. Pardons are sweet, and [[peace]] of conscience sweet. If our mouths are out of taste for the pleasures of [[sin]], Divine consolations will be sweet to us. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] brings the soul to seek and to find comforts through his ordinances, which are as a banqueting-house where his saints feast with him. The [[love]] of [[Christ]], manifested by his death, and by his word, is the banner he displays, and [[believer]]s resort to it. How much better is it with the soul when sick from [[love]] to [[Christ]], than when surfeited with the [[love]] of this world! And though [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] seemed to have withdrawn, yet he was even then a very present help. All his saints are in his hand, which tenderly holds their aching heads. Finding [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] thus nigh to her, the soul is in great care that her communion with him is not interrupted. We easily grieve the [[Spirit]] by wrong tempers. Let those who have comfort, [[fear]] sinning it away.
Song 2:8-13 The [[church]] pleases herself with thoughts of further communion with [[Christ]]. None besides can speak to the heart. She sees him come. This may be applied to the prospect the Old Testament saints had of [[Christ]]'s coming in the flesh. He comes as pleased with his own undertaking. He comes speedily. Even when [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] seems to forsake, it is but for a moment; he will soon return with everlasting loving-kindness. The saints of old saw him, appearing through the sacrifices and ceremonial institutions. We see him through a glass darkly, as he manifests himself through the lattices. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] invites the new convert to arise from sloth and despondency, and to leave sin and worldly vanities, for union and communion with him. The winter may mean years passed in ignorance and [[sin]], unfruitful and miserable, or storms and tempests that accompanied his conviction of guilt and danger. Even the unripe fruits of [[holiness]] are pleasant unto Him whose [[grace]] has produced them. All these encouraging tokens and evidences of [[Divine]] favour, are motives to the soul to follow [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] more fully. Arise then, and come away from the [[world]] and the flesh, come into fellowship with [[Christ]]. This blessed change is owing wholly to the approaches and influences of the Sun of righteousness.
Song 2:14-17 The [[church]] is [[Christ]]'s dove; she returns to him, as her Noah. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is the Rock, in whom alone she can think herself safe, and find herself easy, as a dove in the hole of a rock, when struck at by the birds of prey. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] calls her to come boldly to the throne of grace, having a great High Priest there, to tell what her request is. Speak freely, [[fear]] not a slight or a repulse. The voice of [[prayer]] is sweet and acceptable to [[God]]; those who are sanctified have the best comeliness. The first risings of sinful thoughts and desires, the beginnings of trifling pursuits which waste the time, trifling visits, small departures from truth, whatever would admit some conformity to the world; all these, and many more, are little foxes which must be removed. This is a charge to [[believer]]s to mortify their sinful appetites and passions, which are as little foxes, that destroy their graces and comforts, and crush good beginnings. Whatever we find a hinderance to us in that which is good, we must put away. He feedeth among the lilies; this shows [[Christ]]'s gracious presence among [[believer]]s. He is kind to all his people. It becomes them to believe this, when under desertion and absence, and so to ward off temptations. The shadows of the Jewish dispensation were dispelled by the dawning of the [[gospel]] day. And a day of comfort will come after a night of desertion. Come over the mountains of Bether, "the mountains that divide," looking forward to that day of light and love. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] will come over every separating mountain to take us home to himself.
----
'''Chapter''' 3
The trials of the [[church]] by the withdrawing of [[Christ]]. (Song 3:1-5) The excellences of the [[church]], The care of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] for her. (Song 3:6-11)
Song 3:1-5 It was hard to the Old Testament [[church]] to find [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] in the ceremonial law; the watchmen of that [[church]] gave little assistance to those who sought after him. The night is a time of coldness, darkness, and drowsiness, and of dim apprehensions concerning spiritual things. At first, when uneasy, some feeble efforts are made to obtain the comfort of communion with [[Christ]]. This proves in vain; the [[believer]] is then roused to increased diligence. The streets and broad-ways seem to imply the means of [[grace]] in which the [[Lord]] is to be sought. Application is made to those who watch for men's souls. Immediate satisfaction is not found. We must not rest in any means, but by faith apply directly to [[Christ]]. The holding of [[Christ]], and not letting him go, denotes earnest cleaving to him. What prevails is a humble, ardent suing by [[prayer]], with a lively exercise of [[faith]] on his promises. So long as the [[faith]] of [[believer]]s keeps hold of [[Christ]], he will not be offended at their earnest asking, yea, he is well pleased with it. The [[believer]] desires to make others acquainted with his [[Saviour]]. Wherever we find [[Christ]], we must take him home with us to our houses, especially to our hearts; and we should call upon ourselves and each other, to beware of grieving our holy Comforter, and provoking the departure of the Beloved.
Song 3:6-11 A wilderness is an emblem of the world; the [[believer]] comes out of it when he is delivered from the [[love]] of its sinful pleasures and pursuits, and refuses to comply with its customs and fashions, to seek happiness in communion with the [[Saviour]]. A poor soul shall come up, at last, under the conduct of the Comforter; like a cloud of incense ascending from the altar, or the smoke of the burnt-offerings. This signifies pious and devout affections, and the mounting of the soul heaven-ward. The [[believer]] is filled with the graces of [[God]]'s Spirit; his devotions now are very lively. These graces and comforts are from the heavenly Canaan. He, who is the Peace of his people, the King of the heavenly [[Zion]], has provided for the safe conveyance of his redeemed through the wilderness of this world. The bed, or palanquin, was contrived for rest and easy conveyance, but its beauty and magnificence showed the quality of its owner. The [[church]] is well guarded; more are with her than are against her: [[believer]]s, when they repose in [[Christ]], and with him, though they have their fears in the night, are yet safe. The chariot here denotes the covenant of redemption, the way of our [[salvation]]. This is that work of [[Christ]], which makes him loved and admired in the eyes of [[believer]]s. It is framed and contrived, both for the [[glory]] of [[Christ]], and for the comfort of [[believer]]s; it is well ordered in all things and sure. The blood of the covenant, that rich purple, is the cover of this chariot, by which [[believer]]s are sheltered from the wind and storms of [[Divine]] wrath, and the troubles of this world; but the midst of it is that [[love]] of Christ which passes knowledge, this is for [[believer]]s to repose upon. [[Christ]], in his [[gospel]], manifests himself. Take special notice of his crown. Applying this to [[Christ]], it speaks the honour put upon him, and his power and dominion.
----
'''Chapter''' 4
[[Christ|Jesus Christ]] sets forth the graces of the [[church]]. (Song 4:1-7) [[Christ]]'s love to the [[church]]. (Song 4:8-15) The [[church]] desires further influences of [[Divine]] grace. (Song 4:16)
Song 4:1-7 If each of these comparisons has a meaning applicable to the graces of the [[church]], or of the faithful [[Christian]], they are not clearly known; and great mistakes are made by fanciful guesses. The mountain of myrrh appears to mean the mountain Moriah, on which the [[temple]] was built, where the incense was burned, and the people worshipped the [[Lord]]. This was his residence till the shadows of the law given to [[Moses]] were dispersed by the breaking of the [[gospel]] day, and the rising of the Sun of righteousness. And though, in respect of his human nature, [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is absent from his [[church]] on earth, and will continue to be so till the heavenly day break, yet he is spiritually present in his ordinances, and with his people. How fair and comely are [[believer]]s, when justified in [[Christ]]'s righteousness, and adorned with spiritual graces! when their thoughts, words, and deeds, though imperfect, are pure, manifesting a [[heart]] nourished by the [[gospel]]!
Song 4:8-15 Observe the gracious call [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] gives to the [[church]]. It is, 1. A precept; so this is [[Christ]]'s call to his [[church]] to come off from the world. These hills seem pleasant, but there are in them lions' dens; they are mountains of the leopards. 2. As a promise; many shall be brought as members of the [[church]], from every point. The [[church]] shall be delivered from her persecutors in due time, though now she dwells among lions, Ps. 57:4. [[Christ]]'s [[heart]] is upon his [[church]]; his treasure is therein; and he delights in the affection she has for him; its working in the heart, and its works in the life. The odours wherewith the spouse is perfumed, are as the gifts and graces of the [[Spirit]]. Love and obedience to [[God]] are more pleasing to [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] than sacrifice or incense. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] having put upon his spouse the white raiment of his own righteousness, and the righteousness of saints, and perfumed it with holy [[joy]] and comfort, he is well pleased with it. And [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] walks in his garden unseen. A hedge of protection is made around, which all the powers of darkness cannot break through. The souls of [[believer]]s are as gardens enclosed, where is a well of living water, John 4:14; 7:38, the influences of the [[Holy Spirit]]. The [[world]] knows not these wells of [[salvation]], nor can any opposer corrupt this fountain. Saints in the [[church]], and graces in the saints, are fitly compared to fruits and spices. They are planted, and do not grow of themselves. They are precious; they are the blessings of this earth. They will be kept to good purpose when flowers are withered. Grace, when ended in glory, will last for ever. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is the source which makes these gardens fruitful; even a well of living waters.
Song 4:16 The [[church]] prays for the influences of the blessed Spirit, to make this garden fruitful. Graces in the soul are as spices in these gardens, that in them which is valuable and useful. The blessed Spirit, in his work upon the soul, is as the wind. There is the north wind of conviction, and the south wind of comfort. He stirs up good affections, and works in us both to will and to do that which is good. The [[church]] invites [[Christ]]. Let him have the honour of all the garden produces, and let us have the comfort of his acceptance of it. We can invite him to nothing but what is his own already. The [[believer]] can have no [[joy]] of the fruits, unless they redound some way or other to the [[glory]] of [[Christ]]. Let us then seek to keep separate from the world, as a garden enclosed, and to avoid conformity thereto.
----
'''Chapter''' 5
[[Christ]]'s answer. (Song 5:1) The disappointments of the [[church]] from her own folly. (Song 5:2-8) The excellences of [[Christ]]. (Song 5:9-16)
Song 5:1 See how ready [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is to accept the invitations of his people. What little good there is in us would be lost, if he did not preserve it to himself. He also invites his beloved people to eat and drink abundantly. The ordinances in which they honour him, are means of grace.
Song 5:2-8 Churches and [[believer]]s, by carelessness and security, provoke [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] to withdraw. We ought to notice our spiritual slumbers and distempers. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] knocks to awaken us, knocks by his word and Spirit, knocks by afflictions and by our consciences; thus, Rev. 3:20. When we are unmindful of [[Christ]], still he thinks of us. [[Christ]]'s love to us should engage ours to him, even in the most self-denying instances; and we only can be gainers by it. Careless souls put slights on [[Jesus]] [[Christ]]. Another could not be sent to open the door. Christ calls to us, but we have no mind, or pretend we have no strength, or we have no time, and think we may be excused. Making excuses is making light of [[Christ]]. Those put contempt upon [[Christ]], who cannot find in their hearts to bear a cold blast, or to leave a warm bed for him. See the powerful influences of [[Divine]] grace. He put in his hand to unbolt the door, as one weary of waiting. This betokens a work of the [[Spirit]] upon the soul. The [[believer]]'s rising above self-indulgence, seeking by [[prayer]] for the consolations of [[Christ]], and to remove every hinderance to communion with him; these actings of the soul are represented by the hands dropping sweet-smelling myrrh upon the handles of the locks. But the Beloved was gone! By absenting himself, [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] will teach his people to value his gracious visits more highly. Observe, the soul still calls [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] her Beloved. Every desertion is not despair. [[Lord]], I believe, though I must say, [[Lord]], help my unbelief. His words melted me, yet, wretch that I was, I made excuses. The smothering and stifling of convictions will be very bitter to think of, when [[God]] opens our eyes. The soul went in pursuit of him; not only prayed, but used means, sought him in the ways wherein he used to be found. The watchmen wounded me. Some refer it to those who misapply the word to awakened consciences. The charge to the daughters of [[Jerusalem]], seems to mean the distressed [[believer]]'s desire of the [[prayer]]s of the feeblest [[Christian]]. Awakened souls are more sensible of [[Christ]]'s withdrawings than of any other trouble.
Song 5:9-16 Even those who have little acquaintance with [[Christ]], cannot but see amiable beauty in others who bear his image. There are hopes of those who begin to inquire concerning [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] and his perfections. [[Christians]], who are well acquainted with [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] themselves, should do all they can to make others know something of him. [[Divine]] [[glory]] makes him truly lovely in the eyes of all who are enlightened to discern spiritual things. He is white in the spotless innocence of his life, ruddy in the bleeding sufferings he went through at his death. This description of the person of the Beloved, would form, in the figurative language of those times, a portrait of beauty of person and of [[grace]] of manners; but the aptness of some of the allusions may not appear to us. He shall come to be glorified in his saints, and to be admired in all that believe. May his [[love]] constrain us to live to his glory.
----
'''Chapter''' 6
Inquiry where [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] must be sought. (Song 6:1) Where [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] may be found. (Song 6:2,3) [[Christ]]'s commendations of the [[church]]. (Song 6:4-10) The work of [[grace]] in the [[believer]]. (Song 6:11-13)
Song 6:1 Those made acquainted with the excellences of [[Christ]], and the comfort of an interest in him, desire to know where they may meet him. Those who would find [[Christ]], must seek him early and diligently.
Song 6:2,3 [[Christ]]'s [[church]] is a garden, enclosed, and separated from the world; he takes care of it, delights in it, and visits it. Those who would find [[Christ]], must attend him in his ordinances, the word, sacraments, and [[prayer]]. When [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] comes to his [[church]], it is to entertain his friends. And to take [[believer]]s to himself: he picks the lilies one by one; and at the great day he will send forth his angels to gather all his lilies, that he may be for ever admired in them. The [[death]] of a [[believer]] is not more than the owner of a garden plucking a favourite flower; and He will preserve it from withering, yea, cause it to flourish for ever, with increasing beauty. If our own hearts can witness for us that we are [[Christ]]'s, question not his being ours, for the covenant never breaks on his side. It is the comfort of the [[church]], that he feeds among the lilies, that he takes delight in his people.
Song 6:4-10 All the real excellence and [[holiness]] on earth centre in the [[church]]. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] goes forth subduing his enemies, while his followers gain victories over the world, the flesh, and the devil. He shows the tenderness of a [[Redeemer]], the delight he takes in his redeemed people, and the workings of his own [[grace]] in them. True [[believer]]s alone can possess the beauty of [[holiness]]. And when their real character is known, it will be commended. Both the [[church]] and [[believer]]s, at their first conversion, look forth as the morning, their light being small, but increasing. As to their sanctification, they are fair as the moon, deriving all their light, grace, and [[holiness]] from Christ; and as to justification, clear as the sun, clothed with [[Christ]], the Sun of righteousness, and fighting the good fight of faith, under the banners of [[Christ]], against all spiritual enemies.
Song 6:11-13 In retirement and in meditation the [[Christian]] character is formed and perfected. But not in the retirement of the idle, the self-indulgent, or the trifler. When the [[Christian]] is released from the discharge of his duties in life, the [[world]] has no attractions for him. His [[prayer]] is, that all things belonging to the [[Spirit]] may live and grow within him, and around him. Such are the interesting cares and employments of him whom the [[world]] wrongly deems unhappy, and lost to his true interests. In humility and self-abasement, the humble [[Christian]] would turn away from the sight of all; but the [[Lord]] delights to honour him. Chiefly, however, may the reference be to the ministering angels who shall be sent for the soul of the [[Christian]]. Their approach may startle, but the departing soul shall find the [[Lord]] its strength and its portion for ever. The [[church]] is called the Shulamite: the word signifies perfection and [[peace]]; not in herself, but in [[Christ]], in whom she is complete, through his righteousness; and has [[peace]], which he made for her through his blood, and gives unto her by his Spirit.
----
'''Chapter''' 7
The graces of the [[church]]. (Song 7:1-9) The delight of the [[church]] in [[Christ]]. (Song 7:10-13)
Song 7:1-9 The similitudes here are different from what they were before, and in the original refer to glorious and splendid clothing. Such honour have all his saints; and having put on [[Christ]], they are distinguished by their beautiful and glorious apparel. They adorn the doctrine of [[God]] their [[Saviour]] in all things. Consistent [[believer]]s honour [[Christ]], recommend the [[gospel]], and convince and awaken sinners. The [[church]] resembles the stately and spreading palm; while her [[love]] for [[Christ]], and the obedience resulting therefrom, are precious fruit of the true Vine. The King is held in the galleries. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] takes delight in the assemblies and ordinances of his people; and admires the fruit of his [[grace]] in them. When applied to the [[church]] and to each faithful [[Christian]], all this denotes that beauty of [[holiness]], in which they shall be presented to their heavenly Bridegroom.
Song 7:10-13 The [[church]], the believing soul, triumphs in its relation to [[Christ]], and interest in him. She humbly desires communion with him. Let us walk together, that I may receive counsel, instruction, and comfort from thee; and may make known my wants and my grievances to thee, with freedom, and without interruption. Communion with [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is what all that are made holy earnestly breathe after. And those who would conVerse with [[Christ]], must go forth from the world. Wherever we are, we may keep up communion with [[God]]. Nor should we go where we cannot in [[faith]] ask him to go with us. Those who would go abroad with [[Christ]], must begin early in the morning of their days; must begin every day with him, seek him early, seek him diligently. A gracious soul can reconcile itself to the poorest places, if it may have communion with [[God]] in them; but the most delightful fields will not satisfy, unless the Beloved is there. Let us not think to be satisfied with any earthly object. Our own souls are our vineyards; they should be planted with useful trees. We should often search whether we are fruitful in righteousness. [[Christ]]'s presence will make the vine flourish, and the tender grapes appear, as the returning sun revives the gardens. If we can appeal to him, Thou knowest all things, thou knowest that I love thee; if his [[Spirit]] witness with our spirit, that our souls prosper, it is enough. And we must beg of him to search and try us, to discover us to ourselves. The fruits and exercises of graces are pleasant to the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]]. These must be laid up, and always ready; that by our bringing forth much fruit, he may be glorified. It is all from him, therefore it is fit it should be all for him.
----
'''Chapter''' 8
Desire for communion with [[Christ]]. (Song 8:1-4) The vehemence of this desire. (Song 8:5-7) The [[church]] pleads for others. (Song 8:8-12) And prays for [[Christ]]'s coming. (Song 8:13,14)
Song 8:1-4 The [[church]] wishes for the constant intimacy and freedom with the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] that a sister has with a brother. That they might be as his brethren, which they are, when by [[grace]] they are made partakers of a [[Divine]] nature. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is become as our Brother; wherever we find him, let us be ready to own our relation to him, and affection for him, and not [[fear]] being despised for it. Is there in us an ardent wish to serve [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] more and better? What then have we laid up in store, to show our affection to the Beloved of our souls? What fruit unto [[holiness]]? The [[church]] charges all her [[children]] that they never provoke [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] to withdraw. We should reason with ourselves, when tempted to do what would grieve the [[Spirit]].
Song 8:5-7 The Jewish [[church]] came up from the wilderness, supported by [[Divine]] power and favour. The [[Christian]] [[church]] was raised from a low, desolate condition, by the [[grace]] of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] relied on. Believers, by the power of grace, are brought up from the wilderness. A sinful state is a wilderness in which there is no true comfort; it is a wandering, wanting state: There is no coming out of this wilderness, but leaning on [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] as our Beloved, by faith; not leaning to our own understanding, nor trusting in any righteousness of our own; but in the strength of him, who is the [[Lord]] our [[Righteousness]]. The words of the [[church]] to [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] which follow, entreat an abiding place in his love, and protection by his power. Set me as a seal upon thine heart; let me always have a place in thine heart; let me have an impression of love upon thine heart. Of this the soul would be assured, and without a sense thereof no rest is to be found. Those who truly [[love]] [[Christ]], are jealous of every thing that would draw them from him; especially of themselves, lest they should do any thing to provoke him to withdraw from them. If we [[love]] [[Christ]], the [[fear]] of coming short of his love, or the [[temptations]] to forsake him, will be most painful to us. No waters can quench [[Christ]]'s [[love]] to us, nor any floods drown it. Let nothing abate our [[love]] to him. Nor will life, and all its comforts, entice a [[believer]] from loving [[Christ]]. Love of [[Christ]], will enable us to repel and triumph over [[temptations]] from the smiles of the world, as well as from its frowns.
Song 8:8-12 The [[church]] pleads for the [[Gentiles]], who then had not the word of [[God]], nor the means of grace. Those who are brought to Christ themselves, should contrive what they may do to help others to him. Babes in [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] are always seen among [[Christians]], and the welfare of their weak brethren is an object of continual [[prayer]] with the stronger [[believer]]s. If the beginning of this work were likened to a wall built upon Him the precious Foundation and Corner-stone, then the Gentile [[church]] would become as a palace for the great King, built of solid silver. If the first preaching of the [[gospel]] were as the making a door through the wall of partition, that door should be lasting, as cased with boards of durable cedar. She shall be carefully and effectually protected, enclosed so as to receive no damage. The [[church]] is full of care for those yet uncalled. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] says, I will do all that is necessary to be done for them. See with what satisfaction we should look back upon the times and seasons, when we were in his eyes as those that find favour. Our hearts are our vineyards, which we must keep with all diligence. To [[Christ]], and to his praise, all our fruits must be dedicated. All that work for [[Christ]], work for themselves, and shall be unspeakable gainers by it.
Song 8:13,14 These Verses close the conference between [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] and his [[church]]. He first addresses her as dwelling in the gardens, the assemblies and ordinances of his saints. He exhorts her to be constant and frequent in [[prayer]]s, supplications, and praises, in which he delights. She replies, craving his speedy return to take her to be wholly with Him. The heavens, those high mountains of sweet spices, must contain [[Christ]], till the times come, when every eye shall see him, in all the [[glory]] of the better world. True [[believer]]s as they are looking for, so they are hastening to the coming of that day of the [[Lord]]. Let every [[Christian]] endeavour to perform the duties of his station, that men may see his good works, and glorify his heavenly Father. Continuing earnest in [[prayer]] for what we want, our thanksgivings will abound, and our [[joy]] will be full; our souls will be enriched, and our labours prospered. We shall be enabled to look forward to [[death]] and judgment without fear. Even so, come, [[Lord]] [[Jesus]].
{{mhc bottom}}