administrator, Bureaucrats, bureaucrats, checkuser, editor, emailconfirmed, move, Administrators
3,292
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Created page with "{{Infobox_Contents | topic_name = Matthew Henry Concise Bible Commentary : Isaiah | subtopics = The Prophet Isaiah | opinion_pieces = {{short_opinions}} * Text:EBD:Isaia..."
{{Infobox_Contents |
topic_name = Matthew Henry Concise Bible Commentary : Isaiah |
subtopics = The Prophet [[Isaiah]] |
opinion_pieces = {{short_opinions}}
* [[Text:EBD:Isaiah, The Book of|Easton's Bible Dictionary entry on Isaiah]] |
}}
Read the book of [[Isaiah]] from the [[Holy Bible|Bible]]
{{chapters}}
[[Isaiah 1|1]]
[[Isaiah 2|2]]
[[Isaiah 3|3]]
[[Isaiah 4|4]]
[[Isaiah 5|5]]
[[Isaiah 6|6]]
[[Isaiah 7|7]]
[[Isaiah 8|8]]
[[Isaiah 9|9]]
[[Isaiah 10|10]]
[[Isaiah 11|11]]
[[Isaiah 12|12]]
[[Isaiah 13|13]]
[[Isaiah 14|14]]
[[Isaiah 15|15]]
[[Isaiah 16|16]]
[[Isaiah 17|17]]
[[Isaiah 18|18]]
[[Isaiah 19|19]]
[[Isaiah 20|20]]
[[Isaiah 21|21]]
[[Isaiah 22|22]]
[[Isaiah 23|23]]
[[Isaiah 24|24]]
[[Isaiah 25|25]]
[[Isaiah 26|26]]
[[Isaiah 27|27]]
[[Isaiah 28|28]]
[[Isaiah 29|29]]
[[Isaiah 30|30]]
[[Isaiah 31|31]]
[[Isaiah 32|32]]
[[Isaiah 33|33]]
[[Isaiah 34|34]]
[[Isaiah 35|35]]
[[Isaiah 36|36]]
[[Isaiah 37|37]]
[[Isaiah 38|38]]
[[Isaiah 39|39]]
[[Isaiah 40|40]]
[[Isaiah 41|41]]
[[Isaiah 42|42]]
[[Isaiah 43|43]]
[[Isaiah 44|44]]
[[Isaiah 45|45]]
[[Isaiah 46|46]]
[[Isaiah 47|47]]
[[Isaiah 48|48]]
[[Isaiah 49|49]]
[[Isaiah 50|50]]
[[Isaiah 51|51]]
[[Isaiah 52|52]]
[[Isaiah 53|53]]
[[Isaiah 54|54]]
[[Isaiah 55|55]]
[[Isaiah 56|56]]
[[Isaiah 57|57]]
[[Isaiah 58|58]]
[[Isaiah 59|59]]
[[Isaiah 60|60]]
[[Isaiah 61|61]]
[[Isaiah 62|62]]
[[Isaiah 63|63]]
[[Isaiah 64|64]]
[[Isaiah 66|66]]
[[Isaiah 66|66]]
==Commentary==
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 1|1]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 2|2]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 3|3]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 4|4]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 5|5]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 6|6]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 7|7]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 8|8]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 9|9]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 10|10]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 11|11]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 12|12]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 13|13]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 14|14]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 15|15]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 16|16]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 17|17]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 18|18]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 19|19]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 20|20]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 21|21]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 22|22]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 23|23]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 24|24]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 25|25]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 26|26]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 27|27]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 28|28]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 29|29]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 30|30]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 31|31]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 32|32]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 33|33]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 34|34]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 35|35]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 36|36]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 37|37]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 38|38]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 39|39]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 40|40]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 41|41]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 42|42]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 43|43]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 44|44]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 45|45]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 46|46]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 47|47]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 48|48]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 49|49]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 50|50]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 51|51]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 52|52]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 53|53]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 54|54]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 55|55]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 56|56]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 57|57]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 58|58]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 59|59]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 60|60]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 61|61]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 62|62]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 63|63]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 64|64]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 66|66]]
{{mhc import}}
'''Commentary on the book of [[Isaiah]]'''
[[Isaiah]] prophesied in the reigns of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah. He has been well called the evangelical prophet, on account of his numerous and full prophesies concerning the coming and character, the ministry and preaching, the sufferings and [[death]] of the [[Messiah]], and the extent and continuance of his kingdom. Under the veil of the deliverance from Babylon, [[Isaiah]] points to a much greater deliverance, which was to be effected by the [[Messiah]]; and seldom does he mention the one, without alluding at the same time to the other; nay, he is often so much enraptured with the prospect of the more distant deliverance, as to lose sight of that which was nearer, and to dwell on the [[Messiah]]'s person, office, character, and kingdom.
----
'''Chapter''' 1
The corruptions prevailing among the [[Jews]]. (Is. 1:1-9) Severe censures. (Is. 1:10-15) Exhortations to repentance. (Is. 1:16-20) The state of [[Judah]] is lamented; with gracious promises of the [[gospel]] times. (Is. 1:21-31)
Is. 1:1-9 [[Isaiah]] signifies, "The [[salvation]] of the [[Lord]];" a very suitable name for this prophet, who prophesies so much of [[Jesus]] the [[Saviour]], and his [[salvation]]. [[God]]'s professing people did not know or consider that they owed their lives and comforts to [[God]]'s fatherly care and kindness. How many are very careless in the affairs of their souls! Not considering what we do know in [[religion]], does us as much harm, as ignorance of what we should know. The wickedness was universal. Here is a comparison taken from a sick and diseased body. The distemper threatens to be mortal. From the sole of the foot even to the head; from the meanest peasant to the greatest peer, there is no soundness, no good principle, no [[religion]], for that is the health of the soul. Nothing but guilt and corruption; the sad effects of [[Adam]]'s fall. This passage declares the total depravity of human nature. While [[sin]] remains unrepented, nothing is done toward [[healing]] these wounds, and preventing fatal effects. [[Jerusalem]] was exposed and unprotected, like the huts or sheds built up to guard ripening fruits. These are still to be seen in the East, where fruits form a large part of the summer food of the people. But the [[Lord]] had a small remnant of pious servants at [[Jerusalem]]. It is of the [[Lord]]'s mercies that we are not consumed. The evil nature is in every one of us; only [[Jesus]] and his sanctifying [[Spirit]] can restore us to spiritual health.
Is. 1:10-15 Judea was desolate, and their cities burned. This awakened them to bring sacrifices and offerings, as if they would bribe [[God]] to remove the punishment, and give them leave to go on in their sin. Many who will readily part with their sacrifices, will not be persuaded to part with their sins. They relied on the mere form as a service deserving a reward. The most costly devotions of wicked people, without thorough reformation of [[heart]] and life, cannot be acceptable to [[God]]. He not only did not accept them, but he abhorred them. All this shows that [[sin]] is very hateful to [[God]]. If we allow ourselves in secret [[sin]], or forbidden indulgences; if we reject the [[salvation]] of [[Christ]], our very [[prayer]]s will become abomination.
Is. 1:16-20 Not only feel sorrow for the [[sin]] committed, but break off the practice. We must be doing, not stand idle. We must be doing the good the [[Lord]] our [[God]] requires. It is plain that the sacrifices of the law could not atone, even for outward national crimes. But, blessed be [[God]], there is a Fountain opened, in which sinners of every age and rank may be cleansed. Though our sins have been as scarlet and crimson, a deep dye, a double dye, first in the wool of original corruption, and afterwards in the many threads of actual transgression; though we have often dipped into [[sin]], by many backslidings; yet [[pardon]] ing [[mercy]] will take out the stain, Ps. 51:7. They should have all the happiness and comfort they could desire. Life and death, good and evil, are set before us. O [[Lord]], incline all of us to live to thy glory.
Is. 1:21-31 Neither holy cities nor royal ones are faithful to their trust, if [[religion]] does not dwell in them. Dross may shine like silver, and the wine that is mixed with water may still have the colour of wine. Those have a great deal to answer for, who do not help the oppressed, but oppress them. Men may do much by outward restraints; but only [[God]] works effectually by the influences of his Spirit, as a Spirit of Judgment. Sin is the worst captivity, the worst slavery. The redemption of the spiritual [[Zion]], by the righteousness and [[death]] of [[Christ]], and by his powerful grace, most fully accord with what is here meant. Utter ruin is threatened. The [[Jews]] should become as a tree when blasted by heat; as a garden without water, which in those hot countries would soon be burned up. Thus shall they be that [[trust]] in [[idols]], or in an arm of flesh. Even the strong man shall be as tow; not only soon broken, and pulled to pieces, but easily catching fire. When the sinner has made himself as tow and stubble, and [[God]] makes himself as a consuming fire, what can prevent the utter ruin of the sinner?
----
'''Chapter''' 2
The conversion of the [[Gentiles]], Description of the sinfulness of [[Israel]]. (Is. 2:1-9) The awful punishment of unbelievers. (Is. 2:10-22)
Is. 2:1-9 The calling of the [[Gentiles]], the spread of the [[gospel]], and that far more extensive preaching of it yet to come, are foretold. Let [[Christians]] strengthen one another, and support one another. It is [[God]] who teaches his people, by his word and Spirit. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] promotes [[peace]], as well as [[holiness]]. If all men were real [[Christians]], there could be no war; but nothing answering to these expressions has yet taken place on the earth. Whatever others do, let us walk in the light of this [[peace]]. Let us remember that when true [[religion]] flourishes, men delight in going up to the house of the [[Lord]], and in urging others to accompany them. Those are in danger who please themselves with strangers to [[God]]; for we soon learn to follow the ways of persons whose company we keep. It is not having silver and gold, horses and chariots, that displeases [[God]], but depending upon them, as if we could not be safe, and easy, and happy without them, and could not but be so with them. Sin is a disgrace to the poorest and the lowest. And though lands called [[Christian]] are not full of [[idols]], in the literal sense, are they not full of idolized riches? and are not men so busy about their gains and indulgences, that the [[Lord]], his truths, and precepts, are forgotten or despised?
Is. 2:10-22 The taking of [[Jerusalem]] by the Chaldeans seems first meant here, when [[idolatry]] among the [[Jews]] was done away; but our thoughts are led forward to the destruction of all the enemies of [[Christ]]. It is folly for those who are pursued by the wrath of [[God]], to think to hide or shelter themselves from it. The shaking of the earth will be terrible to those who set their affections on things of the earth. Men's haughtiness will be brought down, either by the [[grace]] of [[God]] convincing them of the evil of pride, or by the providence of [[God]] depriving them of all the things they were proud of. The day of the [[Lord]] shall be upon those things in which they put their confidence. Those who will not be reasoned out of their sins, sooner or later shall be frightened out of them. Covetous men make money their god; but the time will come when they will feel it as much their burden. This whole passage may be applied to the case of an awakened sinner, ready to leave all that his soul may be saved. The [[Jews]] were prone to rely on their heathen neighbours; but they are here called upon to cease from depending on mortal man. We are all prone to the same sin. Then let not man be your fear, let not him be your hope; but let your [[hope]] be in the [[Lord]] your [[God]]. Let us make this our great concern.
----
'''Chapter''' 3
The calamities about to come upon the land. (Is. 3:1-9) The wickedness of the people. (Is. 3:10-15) The distress of the proud, luxurious women of [[Zion]]. (Is. 3:16-26)
Is. 3:1-9 [[God]] was about to deprive [[Judah]] of every stay and support. The city and the land were to be made desolate, because their words and works had been rebellious against the [[Lord]]; even at his holy temple. If men do not stay themselves upon [[God]], he will soon remove all other supports, and then they must sink. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is the Bread of life and the Water of life; if he be our Stay, we shall find that is a good part not to be taken away, John 6:27. Here note, 1. That the condition of sinners is exceedingly woful. 2. It is the soul that is damaged by sin. 3. Whatever evil befals sinners, be sure that they bring it on themselves.
Is. 3:10-15 The rule was certain; however there might be national prosperity or trouble, it would be well with the righteous and ill with the wicked. Blessed be [[God]], there is abundant encouragement to the righteous to [[trust]] in him, and for sinners to repent and return to him. It was time for the [[Lord]] to show his might. He will call men to a strict account for all the wealth and power intrusted to and abused by them. If it is sinful to disregard the necessities of the poor, how odious and wicked a part do they act, who bring men into poverty, and then oppress them!
Is. 3:16-26 The prophet reproves and warns the daughters of [[Zion]] of the sufferings coming upon them. Let them know that [[God]] notices the folly and vanity of proud women, even of their dress. The punishments threatened answered the sin. Loathsome diseases often are the just punishment of pride. It is not material to ask what sort of ornaments they wore; many of these things, if they had not been in fashion, would have been ridiculed then as now. Their fashions differed much from those of our times, but human nature is the same. Wasting time and money, to the neglect of piety, charity, and even of justice, displease the [[Lord]]. Many professors at the present day, seem to think there is no harm in worldly finery; but were it not a great evil, would the Holy [[Spirit]] have taught the prophet to expose it so fully? The [[Jews]] being overcome, [[Jerusalem]] would be levelled with the ground; which is represented under the idea of a desolate female seated upon the earth. And when the Romans had destroyed [[Jerusalem]], they struck a medal, on which was represented a woman sitting on the ground in a posture of grief. If [[sin]] be harboured within the walls, lamentation and mourning are near the gates.
----
'''Chapter''' 4
The havoc occasioned by war. (Is. 4:1) The times of the [[Messiah]]. (Is. 4:2-6)
Is. 4:1 This first Verse belongs to the third Chapter. When the troubles should come upon the land, as the unmarried state was deemed reproachful among the [[Jews]], these women would act contrary to common usage, and seek husbands for themselves.
Is. 4:2-6 Not only the setting forth [[Christ]]'s kingdom in the times of the apostles, but its enlargement by gathering the dispersed [[Jews]] into the [[church]], is foretold. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is called the Branch of the [[Lord]], being planted by his power, and flourishing to his praise. The [[gospel]] is the fruit of the Branch of the [[Lord]]; all the graces and comforts of the [[gospel]] spring from [[Christ]]. It is called the fruit of the earth, because it sprang up in this world, and was suited for the present state. It will be good evidence that we are distinguished from those merely called [[Israel]], if we are brought to see all beauty in [[Christ]], and [[holiness]]. As a type of this blessed day, [[Jerusalem]] should again flourish as a branch, and be blessed with the fruits of the earth. [[God]] will keep for himself a holy seed. When most of those that have a place and a name in [[Zion]], and in [[Jerusalem]], shall be cut off by their unbelief, some shall be left. Those only that are holy shall be left, when the Son of man shall gather out of his kingdom every thing which offends. By the judgment of [[God]]'s providence, sinners were destroyed and consumed; but by the [[Spirit]] of [[grace]] they are reformed and converted. The [[Spirit]] herein acts as a [[Spirit]] of judgment, enlightening the mind, convincing the conscience; also as a [[Spirit]] of burning, quickening and strengthening the affections, and making men zealously affected in a good work. An ardent [[love]] to [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] and souls, and zeal against [[sin]], will carry men on with resolution in endeavours to turn away ungodliness from [[Jacob]]. Every affliction serves [[believer]]s as a furnace, to purify them from dross; and the convincing, enlightening, and powerful influences of the [[Holy Spirit]], gradually root out their lusts, and render them holy as He is holy. [[God]] will protect his [[church]], and all that belong to it. [[Gospel]] truths and ordinances are the glory of the [[church]]. Grace in the soul is the [[glory]] of it; and those that have it are kept by the power of [[God]]. But only those who are weary will seek rest; only those who are convinced that a storm is approaching, will look for shelter. Affected with a deep sense of the Divine displeasure, to which we are exposed by [[sin]], let us at once have recourse to [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], and thankfully accept the refuge he affords.
----
'''Chapter''' 5
The state and conduct of the Jewish nation. (Is. 5:1-7) The judgments which would come. (Is. 5:8-23) The executioners of these judgments. (Is. 5:24-30)
Is. 5:1-7 [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is [[God]]'s beloved Son, and our beloved [[Saviour]]. The care of the [[Lord]] over the [[church]] of [[Israel]], is described by the management of a vineyard. The advantages of our situation will be brought into the account another day. He planted it with the choicest vines; gave them a most excellent law, instituted proper ordinances. The [[temple]] was a tower, where [[God]] gave tokens of his presence. He set up his altar, to which the sacrifices should be brought; all the means of [[grace]] are denoted thereby. [[God]] expects fruit from those that enjoy privileges. Good purposes and good beginnings are good things, but not enough; there must be vineyard fruit; thoughts and affections, words and actions, agreeable to the [[Spirit]]. It brought forth bad fruit. Wild grapes are the fruits of the corrupt nature. Where [[grace]] does not work, corruption will. But the wickedness of those that profess [[religion]], and enjoy the means of grace, must be upon the sinners themselves. They shall no longer be a peculiar people. When errors and vice go without check or control, the vineyard is unpruned; then it will soon be grown over with thorns. This is often shown in the departure of [[God]]'s Spirit from those who have long striven against him, and the removal of his [[gospel]] from places which have long been a reproach to it. The explanation is given. It is sad with a soul, when, instead of the grapes of humility, meekness, love, patience, and contempt of the world, for which [[God]] looks, there are the wild grapes of pride, passion, discontent, and malice, and contempt of [[God]]; instead of the grapes of praying and praising, the wild grapes of cursing and swearing. Let us bring forth fruit with patience, that in the end we may obtain everlasting life.
Is. 5:8-23 Here is a woe to those who set their hearts on the wealth of the world. Not that it is sinful for those who have a house and a field to purchase another; but the fault is, that they never know when they have enough. Covetousness is [[idolatry]]; and while many envy the prosperous, wretched man, the [[Lord]] denounces awful woes upon him. How applicable to many among us! [[God]] has many ways to empty the most populous cities. Those who set their hearts upon the world, will justly be disappointed. Here is woe to those who dote upon the pleasures and the delights of sense. The use of music is lawful; but when it draws away the [[heart]] from [[God]], then it becomes a [[sin]] to us. [[God]]'s judgments have seized them, but they will not disturb themselves in their pleasures. The judgments are declared. Let a man be ever so high, death will bring him low; ever so mean, [[death]] will bring him lower. The fruit of these judgments shall be, that [[God]] will be glorified as a [[God]] of power. Also, as a [[God]] that is holy; he shall be owned and declared to be so, in the righteous punishment of proud men. Those are in a woful condition who set up [[sin]], and who exert themselves to gratify their base lusts. They are daring in [[sin]], and walk after their own lusts; it is in scorn that they call [[God]] the Holy One of [[Israel]]. They confound and overthrow distinctions between good and evil. They prefer their own reasonings to [[Divine]] revelations; their own devices to the counsels and commands of [[God]]. They deem it prudent and politic to continue profitable sins, and to neglect self-denying duties. Also, how light soever men make of drunkenness, it is a [[sin]] which lays open to the wrath and curse of [[God]]. Their judges perverted justice. Every [[sin]] needs some other to conceal it.
Is. 5:24-30 Let not any expect to live easily who live wickedly. Sin weakens the strength, the root of a people; it defaces the beauty, the blossoms of a people. When [[God]]'s word is despised, and his law cast away, what can men expect but that [[God]] should utterly abandon them? When [[God]] comes forth in wrath, the hills tremble, [[fear]] seizes even great men. When [[God]] designs the ruin of a provoking people, he can find instruments to be employed in it, as he sent for the Chaldeans, and afterwards the Romans, to destroy the [[Jews]]. Those who would not hear the voice of [[God]] speaking by his prophets, shall hear the voice of their enemies roaring against them. Let the distressed look which way they will, all appears dismal. If [[God]] frowns upon us, how can any creature smile? Let us diligently seek the well-grounded assurance, that when all earthly helps and comforts shall fail, [[God]] himself will be the strength of our hearts, and our portion for ever.
----
'''Chapter''' 6
The vision which [[Isaiah]] beheld in the temple. (Is. 6:1-8) The [[Lord]] declares the blindness to come upon the Jewish nation, and the destruction which would follow. (Is. 6:9-13)
Is. 6:1-8 In this figurative vision, the [[temple]] is thrown open to view, even to the most holy place. The prophet, standing outside the temple, sees the [[Divine]] Presence seated on the [[mercy]]-seat, raised over the ark of the covenant, between the cherubim and seraphim, and the Divine [[glory]] filled the whole temple. See [[God]] upon his throne. This vision is explained, John 12:41, that [[Isaiah]] now saw [[Christ]]'s glory, and spake of Him, which is a full proof that our [[Saviour]] is [[God]]. In [[Jesus Christ|Christ Jesus]], [[God]] is seated on a throne of grace; and through him the way into the holiest is laid open. See [[God]]'s temple, his [[church]] on earth, filled with his glory. His train, the skirts of his robes, filled the temple, the whole world, for it is all [[God]]'s temple. And yet he dwells in every contrite heart. See the blessed attendants by whom his government is served. Above the throne stood the holy angels, called seraphim, which means "burners;" they burn in [[love]] to [[God]], and zeal for his glory against sin. The seraphim showing their faces veiled, declares that they are ready to yield obedience to all [[God]]'s commands, though they do not understand the secret reasons of his counsels, government, or promises. All vain-glory, ambition, ignorance, and pride, would be done away by one view of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] in his glory. This awful vision of the [[Divine]] Majesty overwhelmed the prophet with a sense of his own vileness. We are undone if there is not a Mediator between us and this holy [[God]]. A glimpse of heavenly [[glory]] is enough to convince us that all our righteousnesses are as filthy rags. Nor is there a man that would dare to speak to the [[Lord]], if he saw the justice, [[holiness]], and majesty of [[God]], without discerning his glorious [[mercy]] and [[grace]] in [[Jesus]] [[Christ]]. The live coal may denote the assurance given to the prophet, of [[pardon]] , and acceptance in his work, through the atonement of [[Christ]]. Nothing is powerful to cleanse and comfort the soul, but what is taken from [[Christ]]'s satisfaction and intercession. The taking away [[sin]] is necessary to our speaking with confidence and comfort, either to [[God]] in [[prayer]], or from [[God]] in preaching; and those shall have their [[sin]] taken away who complain of it as a burden, and see themselves in danger of being undone by it. It is great comfort to those whom [[God]] sends, that they go for [[God]], and may therefore speak in his name, assured that he will bear them out.
Is. 6:9-13 [[God]] sends [[Isaiah]] to foretell the ruin of his people. Many hear the sound of [[God]]'s word, but do not feel the power of it. [[God]] sometimes, in righteous judgment, gives men up to blindness of mind, because they will not receive the truth in the [[love]] of it. But no humble inquirer after [[Christ]], need to [[fear]] this awful doom, which is a spiritual judgment on those who will still hold fast their sins. Let every one pray for the enlightening of the [[Holy Spirit]], that he may perceive how precious are the [[Divine]] mercies, by which alone we are secured against this dreadful danger. Yet the [[Lord]] would preserve a remnant, like the tenth, holy to him. And blessed be [[God]], he still preserves his [[church]]; however professors or visible [[church]]es may be lopped off as unfruitful, the holy seed will shoot forth, from whom all the numerous branches of righteousness shall arise.
----
'''Chapter''' 7
Ahaz threatened by [[Israel]] and Syria; and is assured their attack would be in vain. (Is. 7:1-9) [[God]] gives a sure sign by the promise of the long-expected [[Messiah]]. (Is. 7:10-16) The folly and [[sin]] of seeking relief from Assyria are reproved. (Is. 7:17-25)
Is. 7:1-9 Ungodly men are often punished by others as bad as themselves. Being in great distress and confusion, the [[Jews]] gave up all for lost. They had made [[God]] their enemy, and knew not how to make him their friend. The prophet must teach them to despise their enemies, in [[faith]] and dependence on [[God]]. Ahaz, in fear, called them two powerful princes. No, says the prophet, they are but tails of smoking firebrands, burnt out already. The two kingdoms of Syria and [[Israel]] were nearly expiring. While [[God]] has work for the firebrands of the earth, they consume all before them; but when their work is fulfilled, they will be extinguished in smoke. That which Ahaz thought most formidable, is made the ground of their defeat; because they have taken evil counsel against thee; which is an offence to [[God]]. [[God]] scorns the scorners, and gives his word that the attempt should not succeed. Man purposes, but [[God]] disposes. It was folly for those to be trying to ruin their neighbours, who were themselves near to ruin. [[Isaiah]] must urge the [[Jews]] to rely on the assurances given them. Faith is absolutely necessary to quiet and compose the mind in trials.
Is. 7:10-16 Secret disaffection to [[God]] is often disguised with the colour of respect to him; and those who are resolved that they will not [[trust]] [[God]], yet pretend they will not tempt him. The prophet reproved Ahaz and his court, for the little value they had for Divine revelation. Nothing is more grievous to [[God]] than distrust, but the unbelief of man shall not make the promise of [[God]] of no effect; the [[Lord]] himself shall give a sign. How great soever your distress and danger, of you the [[Messiah]] is to be born, and you cannot be destroyed while that blessing is in you. It shall be brought to pass in a glorious manner; and the strongest consolations in time of trouble are derived from [[Christ]], our relation to him, our interest in him, our expectations of him and from him. He would grow up like other children, by the use of the diet of those countries; but he would, unlike other children, uniformly refuse the evil and choose the good. And although his birth would be by the power of the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]], yet he should not be fed with angels' food. Then follows a sign of the speedy destruction of the princes, now a terror to [[Judah]]. "Before this child," so it may be read; "this child which I have now in my arms," (Shear-jashub, the prophet's own son, Is. 7:3,) shall be three or four years older, these enemies' forces shall be forsaken of both their kings. The prophecy is so solemn, the sign is so marked, as given by [[God]] himself after Ahaz rejected the offer, that it must have raised hopes far beyond what the present occasion suggested. And, if the prospect of the coming of the [[Divine]] [[Saviour]] was a never-failing support to the hopes of ancient [[believer]]s, what cause have we to be thankful that the Word was made flesh! May we [[trust]] in and [[love]] Him, and copy his example.
Is. 7:17-25 Let those who will not believe the promises of [[God]], expect to hear the alarms of his threatenings; for who can resist or escape his judgments? The [[Lord]] shall sweep all away; and whomsoever he employs in any service for him, he will pay. All speaks a sad change of the face of that pleasant land. But what melancholy change is there, which [[sin]] will not make with a people? Agriculture would cease. Sorrows of every kind will come upon all who neglect the great [[salvation]]. If we remain unfruitful under the means of grace, the [[Lord]] will say, Let no fruit grow on thee henceforth for ever.
----
'''Chapter''' 8
Exhortations and warnings. (Is. 8:1-8) Comfort for those who [[fear]] [[God]]. (Is. 8:9-16) Afflictions to idolaters. (Is. 8:17-22)
Is. 8:1-8 The prophet is to write on a large roll, or on a metal tablet, words which meant, "Make speed to spoil, hasten to the prey:" pointing out that the Assyrian army should come with speed, and make great spoil. Very soon the riches of Damascus and of Samaria, cities then secure and formidable, shall be taken away by the king of Assyria. The prophet pleads with the promised [[Messiah]], who should appear in that land in the fulness of time, and, therefore, as [[God]], would preserve it in the mean time. As a gentle brook is an apt emblem of a mild government, so an overflowing torrent represents a conqueror and tyrant. The invader's success was also described by a bird of prey, stretching its wings over the whole land. Those who reject [[Christ]], will find that what they call liberty is the basest slavery. But no enemy shall pluck the [[believer]] out of Emmanuel's hand, or deprive him of his heavenly inheritance.
Is. 8:9-16 The prophet challenges the enemies of the [[Jews]]. Their efforts would be vain, and themselves broken to pieces. It concerns us, in time of trouble, to watch against all such fears as put us upon crooked courses for our own security. The believing [[fear]] of [[God]] preserves against the disquieting [[fear]] of man. If we thought rightly of the greatness and [[glory]] of [[God]], we should see all the power of our enemies restrained. The [[Lord]], who will be a Sanctuary to those who [[trust]] in him, will be a Stone of stumbling, and a Rock of offence, to those who make the creature their [[fear]] and their hope. If the things of [[God]] be an offence to us, they will undo us. The apostle quotes this as to all who persisted in unbelief of the [[gospel]] of [[Christ]], I Pet. 2:8. The crucified Emmanuel, who was and is a Stumbling-stone and Rock of offence to unbelieving [[Jews]], is no less so to thousands who are called [[Christians]]. The preaching of the cross is foolishness in their esteem; his doctrines and precepts offend them.
Is. 8:17-22 The prophet foresaw that the [[Lord]] would hide his face; but he would look for his return in favour to them again. Though not miraculous signs, the children's names were memorials from [[God]], suited to excite attention. The unbelieving [[Jews]] were prone to seek counsel in difficulties, from diviners of different descriptions, whose foolish and sinful ceremonies are alluded to. Would we know how we may seek to our [[God]], and come to the knowledge of his mind? To the law and to the testimony; for there you will see what is good, and what the [[Lord]] requires. We must speak of the things of [[God]] in the words which the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]] teaches, and be ruled by them. To those that seek to familiar spirits, and regard not [[God]]'s law and testimony, there shall be horror and misery. Those that go away from [[God]], go out of the way of all good; for fretfulness is a [[sin]] that is its own punishment. They shall despair, and see no way of relief, when they curse [[God]]. And their fears will represent every thing as frightful. Those that shut their eyes against the light of [[God]]'s word, will justly be left to darkness. All the miseries that ever were felt or witnessed on earth, are as nothing, compared with what will overwhelm those who leave the words of [[Christ]], to follow delusions.
----
'''Chapter''' 9
The Son that should be born, and his kingdom. (Is. 9:1-7) The judgments to come upon [[Israel]], and on the enemies of the kingdom of [[Christ]]. (Is. 9:8-21)
Is. 9:1-7 The Syrians and [[Assyrians]] first ravaged the countries here mentioned, and that region was first favoured by the preaching of [[Christ]]. Those that want the [[gospel]], walk in darkness, and in the utmost danger. But when the [[gospel]] comes to any place, to any soul, light comes. Let us earnestly pray that it may shine into our hearts, and make us wise unto [[salvation]]. The [[gospel]] brings [[joy]] with it. Those who would have joy, must expect to go through hard work, as the husbandman, before he has the [[joy]] of harvest; and hard conflict, as the soldier, before he divides the spoil. The [[Jews]] were delivered from the yoke of many oppressors; this was a shadow of the [[believer]]'s deliverance from the yoke of [[Satan]]. The cleansing the souls of [[believer]]s from the power and pollution of [[sin]], would be by the influence of the [[Holy Spirit]], as purifying fire. These great things for the [[church]], shall be done by the [[Messiah]], Emmanuel. The Child is born; it was certain; and the [[church]], before [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] came in the flesh, benefitted by his undertaking. It is a prophecy of him and of his kingdom, which those that waited for the Consolation of [[Israel]] read with pleasure. This Child was born for the benefit of us men, of us sinners, of all [[believer]]s, from the beginning to the end of the world. Justly is he called Wonderful, for he is both [[God]] and man. His [[love]] is the wonder of angels and glorified saints. He is the Counsellor, for he knew the counsels of [[God]] from eternity; and he gives counsel to men, in which he consults our welfare. He is the Wonderful Counsellor; none teaches like him. He is [[God]], the mighty One. Such is the work of the Mediator, that no less power than that of the mighty [[God]] could bring it to pass. He is [[God]], one with the Father. As the Prince of Peace, he reconciles us to [[God]]; he is the Giver of [[peace]] in the [[heart]] and conscience; and when his kingdom is fully established, men shall learn war no more. The government shall be upon him; he shall bear the burden of it. Glorious things are spoken of [[Christ]]'s government. There is no end to the increase of its [[peace]], for the happiness of its subjects shall last for ever. The exact agreement of this prophecy with the doctrine of the New Testament, shows that Jewish prophets and [[Christian]] teachers had the same view of the person and [[salvation]] of the [[Messiah]]. To what earthly king or kingdom can these words apply? Give then, O [[Lord]], to thy people to know thee by every endearing name, and in every glorious character. Give increase of grace in every [[heart]] of thy redeemed upon earth.
Is. 9:8-21 Those are ripening apace for ruin, whose hearts are unhumbled under humbling providences. For that which [[God]] designs, in smiting us, is, to turn us to himself; and if this point be not gained by lesser judgments, greater may be expected. The leaders of the people misled them. We have reason to be afraid of those that speak well of us, when we do ill. Wickedness was universal, all were infected with it. They shall be in trouble, and see no way out; and when men's ways displease the [[Lord]], he makes even their friends to be at war with them. [[God]] would take away those they thought to have help from. Their rulers were the head. Their false prophets were the tail and the rush, the most despicable. In these civil contests, men preyed on near relations who were as their own flesh. The people turn not to Him who smites them, therefore he continues to smite: for when [[God]] judges, he will overcome; and the proudest, stoutest sinner shall either bend or break.
----
'''Chapter''' 10
Woes against proud oppressors. (Is. 10:1-4) The Assyrian but an instrument in the hand of [[God]] for the punishment of his people. (Is. 10:5-19) The deliverance from him. (Is. 10:20-34)
Is. 10:1-4 These Verses are to be joined with the foregoing Chapter. Woe to the superior powers that devise and decree unrighteous decrees! And woe to the inferior officers that draw them up, and enter them on record! But what will sinners do? Whither will they flee?
Is. 10:5-19 See what a change [[sin]] made. The king of Assyria, in his pride, thought to act by his own will. The tyrants of the [[world]] are tools of Providence. [[God]] designs to correct his people for their hypocrisy, and bring them nearer to him; but is that Sennacherib's design? No; he designs to gratify his own covetousness and ambition. The Assyrian boasts what great things he has done to other nations, by his own policy and power. He knows not that it is [[God]] who makes him what he is, and puts the staff into his hand. He had done all this with ease; none moved the wing, or cried as birds do when their nests are rifled. Because he conquered Samaria, he thinks [[Jerusalem]] would fall of course. It was lamentable that [[Jerusalem]] should have set up graven images, and we cannot wonder that she was excelled in them by the heathen. But is it not equally foolish for [[Christians]] to emulate the people of the [[world]] in vanities, instead of keeping to things which are their special honour? For a tool to boast, or to strive against him that formed it, would not be more out of the way, than for Sennacherib to vaunt himself against [[Jehovah]]. When [[God]] brings his people into trouble, it is to bring [[sin]] to their remembrance, and humble them, and to awaken them to a sense of their duty; this must be the fruit, even the taking away of sin. When these points are gained by the affliction, it shall be removed in [[mercy]]. This attempt upon [[Zion]] and [[Jerusalem]] should come to nothing. [[God]] will be as a fire to consume the workers of iniquity, both soul and body. The desolation should be as when a standard-bearer fainteth, and those who follow are put to confusion. Who is able to stand before this great and holy [[Lord]] [[God]]?
Is. 10:20-34 By our afflictions we may learn not to make creatures our confidence. Those only can with comfort stay upon [[God]], who return to him in truth, not in pretence and profession only. [[God]] will justly bring this wasting away on a provoking people, but will graciously set bounds to it. It is against the mind and will of [[God]], that his people, whatever happens, should give way to fear. [[God]]'s [[anger]] against his people is but for a moment; and when that is turned from us, we need not [[fear]] the fury of man. The rod with which he corrected his people, shall not only be laid aside, but thrown into the fire. To encourage [[God]]'s people, the prophet puts them in mind of what [[God]] had formerly done against the enemies of his [[church]]. [[God]]'s people shall be delivered from the [[Assyrians]]. Some think it looks to the deliverance of the [[Jews]] out of their captivity; and further yet, to the redemption of [[believer]]s from the tyranny of [[sin]] and [[Satan]]. And this, "because of the anointing;" for his people [[Israel]]'s sake, the [[believer]]s among them that had received the unction of [[Divine]] grace. And for the sake of the [[Messiah]], the Anointed of [[God]]. Here is, Is. 10:28-34, a prophetical description of Sennacherib's march towards [[Jerusalem]], when he threatened to destroy that city. Then the [[Lord]], in whom Hezekiah trusted, cut down his army like the hewing of a forest. Let us apply what is here written, to like matters in other ages of the [[church]] of [[Christ]]. Because of the anointing of our great [[Redeemer]], the yoke of every [[Text:EBD:[[Text:EBD:Antichrist|Antichrist]]|antichrist]] must be broken from off his [[church]]: and if our souls partake of the unction of the [[Holy Spirit]], complete and eternal deliverances will be secured to us.
----
'''Chapter''' 11
The [[peace]]ful character of [[Christ]]'s kingdom and subjects. (Is. 11:1-9) The conversion of the [[Gentiles]] and [[Jews]]. (Is. 11:10-16)
Is. 11:1-9 The [[Messiah]] is called a Rod, and a Branch. The words signify a small, tender product; a shoot, such as is easily broken off. He comes forth out of the stem of Jesse; when the royal family was cut down and almost levelled with the ground, it would sprout again. The house of [[David]] was brought very low at the time of [[Christ]]'s birth. The [[Messiah]] thus gave early notice that his kingdom was not of this world. But the [[Holy Spirit]], in all his gifts and graces, shall rest and abide upon him; he shall have the fulness of the Godhead dwelling in him, Col. 1:19; 2:9. Many consider that seven gifts of the [[Holy Spirit]] are here mentioned. And the doctrine of the influences of the [[Holy Spirit]] is here clearly taught. The [[Messiah]] would be just and righteous in all his government. His threatening shall be executed by the working of his [[Spirit]] according to his word. There shall be great [[peace]] and quiet under his government. The [[gospel]] changes the nature, and makes those who trampled on the meek of the earth, meek like them, and kind to them. But it shall be more fully shown in the latter days. Also [[Christ]], the great Shepherd, shall take care of his flock, that the nature of troubles, and of [[death]] itself, shall be so changed, that they shall not do any real hurt. [[God]]'s people shall be delivered, not only from evil, but from the [[fear]] of it. Who shall separate us from the [[love]] of Christ? The better we know the [[God]] of love, the more shall we be changed into the same likeness, and the better disposed to all who have any likeness to him. This knowledge shall extend as the sea, so far shall it spread. And this blessed power there have been witnesses in every age of [[Christianity]], though its most glorious time, here foretold, is not yet arrived. Meanwhile let us aim that our example and endeavours may help to promote the honour of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] and his kingdom of [[peace]].
Is. 11:10-16 When the [[gospel]] should be publicly preached, the [[Gentiles]] would seek [[Jesus Christ|Christ Jesus]] as their [[Lord]] and [[Saviour]], and find rest of soul. When [[God]]'s time is come for the deliverance of his people, mountains of opposition shall become plains before him. [[God]] can soon turn gloomy days into glorious ones. And while we expect the [[Lord]] to gather his ancient people, and bring them home to his [[church]], also to bring in the fulness of the [[Gentiles]], when all will be united in holy love, let us tread the highway of [[holiness]] he has made for his redeemed. Let us wait for the [[mercy]] of our [[Lord]] [[Jesus Christ|Jesus Christ]] unto [[eternal life]], looking to him to prepare our way through death, that river which separates this [[world]] from the eternal world.
----
'''Chapter''' 12
This is a hymn of praise suited to the times of the [[Messiah]].
The song of praise in this Chapter is suitable for the return of the outcasts of [[Israel]] from their long captivity, but it is especially suitable to the case of a sinner, when he first finds [[peace]] and [[joy]] in believing; to that of a [[believer]], when his [[peace]] is renewed after corrections for backslidings; and to that of the whole company of the redeemed, when they meet before the throne of [[God]] in heaven. The promise is sure, and the blessings contained in it are very rich; and the benefits enjoyed through [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], call for the most enlarged thanksgivings. By [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], the Root of Jesse, the [[Divine]] anger against mankind was turned away, for he is our Peace. Those to whom [[God]] is reconciled, he comforts. They are taught to triumph in [[God]] and their interest in him. I will [[trust]] him to prepare me for his [[salvation]], and preserve me to it. I will [[trust]] him with all my concerns, not doubting but he will make all to work for good. Faith in [[God]] is a sovereign remedy against tormenting fears. Many [[Christians]] have [[God]] for their strength, who have him not for their song; they walk in darkness: but those who have [[God]] for their strength ought to make him their song; that is, give him the [[glory]] of it, and take to themselves the comfort of it. This [[salvation]] is from the [[love]] of [[God]] the Father, it comes to us through [[God]] the Son, it is applied by the new-creating power of [[God]] the [[Spirit]]. When this is seen by faith, the trembling sinner learns to [[hope]] in [[God]], and is delivered from fear. The purifying and sanctifying influences of the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]] often are denoted under the emblem of springing water. This work flows through the mediation of [[Christ]], and is conveyed to our souls by means of [[God]]'s ordinances. Blessed be [[God]], we have wells of [[salvation]] opened on every side, and may draw from them the waters of life and consolation. In the second part of this [[gospel]] song, Is. 12:4-6, [[believer]]s encourage one another to praise [[God]], and seek to draw others to join them in it. No difference of opinions about the times and seasons, and other such matters, ought to divide the hearts of [[Christians]]. Let it be our care that we may be placed amongst those to whom he will say, Come, ye blessed of my Father, receive the kingdom prepared for you from the beginning of the world.
----
'''Chapter''' 13
The armies of [[God]]'s wrath. (Is. 13:1-5) The conquest of Babylon. (Is. 13:6-18) Its final desolation. (Is. 13:19-22)
Is. 13:1-5 The threatenings of [[God]]'s word press heavily upon the wicked, and are a sore burden, too heavy for them to bear. The persons brought together to lay Babylon waste, are called [[God]]'s sanctified or appointed ones; designed for this service, and made able to do it. They are called [[God]]'s mighty ones, because they had their might from [[God]], and were now to use it for him. They come from afar. [[God]] can make those a scourge and ruin to his enemies, who are farthest off, and therefore least dreaded.
Is. 13:6-18 We have here the terrible desolation of Babylon by the Medes and Persians. Those who in the day of their [[peace]] were proud, and haughty, and terrible, are quite dispirited when trouble comes. Their faces shall be scorched with the flame. All comfort and [[hope]] shall fail. The stars of heaven shall not give their light, the sun shall be darkened. Such expressions are often employed by the prophets, to describe the convulsions of governments. [[God]] will visit them for their iniquity, particularly the [[sin]] of pride, which brings men low. There shall be a general scene of horror. Those who join themselves to Babylon, must expect to share her plagues, Rev. 18:4. All that men have, they would give for their lives, but no man's riches shall be the ransom of his life. Pause here and wonder that men should be thus cruel and inhuman, and see how corrupt the nature of man is become. And that little infants thus suffer, which shows that there is an original guilt, by which life is forfeited as soon as it is begun. The day of the [[Lord]] will, indeed, be terrible with wrath and fierce anger, far beyond all here stated. Nor will there be any place for the sinner to flee to, or attempt an escape. But few act as though they believed these things.
Is. 13:19-22 Babylon was a noble city; yet it should be wholly destroyed. None shall dwell there. It shall be a haunt for wild beasts. All this is fulfilled. The fate of this proud city is a proof of the truth of the [[Bible]], and an emblem of the approaching ruin of the New Testament Babylon; a warning to sinners to flee from the wrath to come, and it encourages [[believer]]s to expect victory over every enemy of their souls, and of the [[church]] of [[God]]. The whole [[world]] changes and is liable to decay. Wherefore let us give diligence to obtain a kingdom which cannot be moved; and in this [[hope]] let us hold fast that [[grace]] whereby we may serve [[God]] acceptably with reverence and godly fear.
----
'''Chapter''' 14
The destruction of Babylon, and the [[death]] of its proud monarch. (Is. 14:1-23) Assurance of the destruction of Assyria. (Is. 14:24-27) The destruction of the [[Philistines]]. (Is. 14:28-32)
Is. 14:1-23 The whole plan of [[Divine]] Providence is arranged with a view to the good of the people of [[God]]. A settlement in the land of promise is of [[God]]'s [[mercy]]. Let the [[church]] receive those whom [[God]] receives. [[God]]'s people, wherever their lot is cast, should endeavour to recommend [[religion]] by a right and winning conversation. Those that would not be reconciled to them, should be humbled by them. This may be applied to the success of the [[gospel]], when those were brought to obey it who had opposed it. [[God]] himself undertakes to work a blessed change. They shall have rest from their sorrow and fear, the sense of their present burdens, and the dread of worse. Babylon abounded in riches. The king of Babylon having the absolute command of so much wealth, by the help of it ruled the nations. This refers especially to the people of the [[Jews]]; and it filled up the measure of the king of Babylon's sins. Tyrants sacrifice their true interest to their lusts and passions. It is gracious ambition to covet to be like the Most Holy, for he has said, Be ye holy, for I am holy; but it is sinful ambition to aim to be like the Most High, for he has said, He who exalts himself shall be abased. The devil thus drew our first parents to sin. Utter ruin should be brought upon him. Those that will not cease to [[sin]], [[God]] will make to cease. He should be slain, and go down to the grave; this is the common fate of tyrants. True glory, that is, true grace, will go up with the soul to heaven, but vain pomp will go down with the body to the grave; there is an end of it. To be denied burial, if for righteousness' sake, may be [[rejoice]]d in, Matt. 5:12. But if the just punishment of [[sin]], it denotes that impenitent sinners shall rise to everlasting shame and contempt. Many triumphs should be in his fall. [[God]] will reckon with those that disturb the [[peace]] of mankind. The receiving the king of Babylon into the regions of the dead, shows there is a [[world]] of spirits, to which the souls of men remove at death. And that souls have conVerse with each other, though we have none with them; and that death and hell will be [[death]] and hell indeed, to all who fall unholy, from the height of this world's pomps, and the fulness of its pleasures. Learn from all this, that the seed of evil-doers shall never be renowned. The royal city is to be ruined and forsaken. Thus the utter destruction of the New Testament Babylon is illustrated, Rev. 18:2. When a people will not be made clean with the besom of reformation, what can they expect but to be swept off the face of the earth with the besom of destruction?
Is. 14:24-27 Let those that make themselves a yoke and a burden to [[God]]'s people, see what they are to expect. Let those that are the called according to [[God]]'s purpose, comfort themselves, that whatever [[God]] has purposed, it shall stand. The [[Lord]] of hosts has purposed to break the Assyrian's yoke; his hand is stretched out to execute this purpose; who has power to turn it back? By such dispensations of providence, the Almighty shows in the most convincing manner, that sin is hateful in his sight.
Is. 14:28-32 Assurance is given of the destruction of the [[Philistines]] and their power, by famine and war. Hezekiah would be more terrible to them than Uzziah had been. Instead of rejoicing, there would be lamentation, for the whole land would be ruined. Such destruction will come upon the proud and rebellious, but the [[Lord]] founded [[Zion]] for a refuge to poor sinners, who flee from the wrath to come, and [[trust]] in his [[mercy]] through [[Jesus Christ|Christ Jesus]]. Let us tell all around of our comforts and security, and exhort them to seek the same refuge and [[salvation]].
----
'''Chapter''' 15
The [[Divine]] judgments about to come upon the Moabites.
This prophecy coming to pass within three years, would confirm the prophet's mission, and the belief in all his other prophecies. Concerning Moab it is foretold, Is. 15:1. That their chief cities should be surprised by the enemy. Great changes, and very dismal ones, may be made in a very little time. Is. 15:2. The Moabites would have recourse to their [[idols]] for relief. Ungodly men, when in trouble, have no comforter. But they are seldom brought by their terrors to approach our forgiving [[God]] with true sorrow and believing [[prayer]]. Is. 15:3. There should be the cries of grief through the land. It is poor relief to have many fellow-sufferers, fellow-mourners. Is. 15:4. The courage of their soldiers should fail. [[God]] can easily deprive a nation of that on which it most depended for strength and defence. 5. These calamities should cause grief in the neighbouring parts. Though enemies to [[Israel]], yet as our fellow-creatures, it should be grievous to see them in such distress. In Is. 15:6-9, the prophet describes the woful lamentations heard through the country of Moab, when it became a prey to the Assyrian army. The country should be plundered. And famine is usually the sad effect of war. Those who are eager to get abundance of this world, and to lay up what they have gotten, little consider how soon it may be all taken from them. While we warn our enemies to escape from ruin, let us pray for them, that they may seek and find [[forgiveness]] of their sins.
----
'''Chapter''' 16
Moab is exhorted to yield obedience. (Is. 16:1-5) The pride and the judgments of Moab. (Is. 16:6-14)
Is. 16:1-5 [[God]] tells sinners what they may do to prevent ruin; so he does to Moab. Let them send the tribute they formerly engaged to pay to [[Judah]]. Take it as good advice. Break off thy sins by righteousness, it may lengthen thy quiet. And this may be applied to the great [[gospel]] duty of submission to [[Christ]]. Send him the lamb, the best you have, yourselves a living sacrifice. When you come to [[God]], the great Ruler, come in the name of the Lamb, the Lamb of [[God]]. Those who will not submit to [[Christ]], shall be as a bird that wanders from her nest, which shall be snatched up by the next bird of prey. Those who will not yield to the [[fear]] of [[God]], shall be made to yield to the [[fear]] of every thing else. He advises them to be kind to the seed of [[Israel]]. Those that expect to find favour when in trouble themselves, must show favour to those in trouble. What is here said concerning the throne of Hezekiah, also belongs, in a much higher sense, to the kingdom of [[Jesus]] [[Christ]]. Though by subjection to Him we may not enjoy worldly riches or honours, but may be exposed to poverty and contempt, we shall have [[peace]] of conscience and [[eternal life]].
Is. 16:6-14 Those who will not be counselled, cannot be helped. More souls are ruined by pride than by any other [[sin]] whatever. Also, the very proud are commonly very passionate. With lies many seek to gain the gratification of pride and passion, but they shall not compass proud and angry projects. Moab was famous for fields and vineyards; but they shall be laid waste by the invading army. [[God]] can soon turn laughter into mourning, and [[joy]] into heaviness. In [[God]] let us always [[rejoice]] with holy triumph; in earthly things let us always [[rejoice]] with holy trembling. The prophet looks with concern on the desolations of such a pleasant country; it causes inward grief. The false gods of Moab are unable to help; and the [[God]] of [[Israel]], the only true [[God]], can and will make good what he has spoken. Let Moab know her ruin is very near, and prepare. The most awful declarations of [[Divine]] wrath, discover the way of escape to those who take warning. There is no escape, but by submission to the Son of [[David]], and devoting ourselves to him. And, at length, when the appointed time comes, all the glory, prosperity, and multitude of the wicked shall perish.
----
'''Chapter''' 17
Syria and [[Israel]] threatened. (Is. 17:1-11) The woe of [[Israel]]'s enemies. (Is. 17:12-14)
Is. 17:1-11 Sin desolates cities. It is strange that great conquerors should take pride in being enemies to mankind; but it is better that flocks should lie down there, than that they should harbour any in open rebellion against [[God]] and [[holiness]]. The strong holds of [[Israel]], the kingdom of the ten tribes, will be brought to ruin. Those who are partakers in [[sin]], are justly made partakers in ruin. The people had, by sins, made themselves ripe for ruin; and their [[glory]] was as quickly cut down and taken away by the enemy, as the corn is out of the field by the husbandman. Mercy is reserved in the midst of judgment, for a remnant. But very few shall be marked to be saved. Only here and there one was left behind. But they shall be a remnant made holy. The few that are saved were awakened to return to [[God]]. They shall acknowledge his hand in all events; they shall give him the [[glory]] due to his name. To bring us to this, is the design of his providence, as he is our Maker; and the work of his grace, as he is the Holy One of [[Israel]]. They shall look off from their [[idols]], the creatures of their own fancy. We have reason to account those afflictions happy, which part between us and our sins. The [[God]] of our [[salvation]] is the Rock of our strength; and our forgetfulness and unmindfulness of him are at the bottom of all sin. The pleasant plants, and shoots from a foreign soil, are expressions for strange and idolatrous worship, and the vile practices connected therewith. Diligence would be used to promote the growth of these strange slips, but all in vain. See the evil and danger of [[sin]], and its certain consequences.
Is. 17:12-14 The rage and force of the [[Assyrians]] resembled the mighty waters of the sea; but when the [[God]] of [[Israel]] should rebuke them, they would flee like chaff, or like a rolling thing, before the whirlwind. In the evening [[Jerusalem]] would be in trouble, because of the powerful invader, but before morning his army would be nearly cut off. Happy are those who remember [[God]] as their [[salvation]], and rely on his power and grace. The trouble of the [[believer]]s, and the prosperity of their enemies, will be equally short; while the [[joy]] of the former, and the destruction of those that hate and spoil them, shall last for ever.
----
'''Chapter''' 18
[[God]]'s care for his people; and the increase of the [[church]].
This Chapter is one of the most obscure in Scripture, though more of it probably was understood by those for whose use it was first intended, than by us now. Swift messengers are sent by water to a nation marked by Providence, and measured out, trodden under foot. [[God]]'s people are trampled on; but whoever thinks to swallow them up, finds they are cast down, yet not deserted, not destroyed. All the dwellers on earth must watch the motions of the [[Divine]] Providence, and wait upon the directions of the [[Divine]] will. [[God]] gives assurance to his prophet, and by him to be given to his people. [[Zion]] is his rest for ever, and he will look after it. He will suit to their case the comforts and refreshments he provides for them; they will be acceptable, because seasonable. He will reckon with his and their enemies; and as [[God]]'s people are protected at all seasons of the year, so their enemies are exposed at all seasons. A tribute of praise should be brought to [[God]] from all this. What is offered to [[God]], must be offered in the way he has appointed; and we may expect him to meet us where he records his name. Thus shall the nations of the earth be convinced that [[Jehovah]] is the [[God]], and [[Israel]] is his people, and shall unite in presenting spiritual sacrifices to his glory. Happy are those who take warning by his judgment on others, and hasten to join him and his people. Whatever land or people may be intended, we are here taught not to think that [[God]] takes no care of his [[church]], and has no respect to the affairs of men, because he permits the wicked to triumph for a season. He has wise reasons for so doing, which we cannot now understand, but which will appear at the great day of his coming, when he will bring every work into judgment, and reward every man according to his works.
----
'''Chapter''' 19
Judgments upon [[Egypt]]. (Is. 19:1-17) Its deliverance, and the conversion of the people. (Is. 19:18-25)
Is. 19:1-17 [[God]] shall come into [[Egypt]] with his judgments. He will raise up the causes of their destruction from among themselves. When ungodly men escape danger, they are apt to think themselves secure; but evil pursues sinners, and will speedily overtake them, except they repent. The [[Egyptians]] will be given over into the hand of one who shall rule them with rigour, as was shortly after fulfilled. The [[Egyptians]] were renowned for wisdom and science; yet the [[Lord]] would give them up to their own perVerse schemes, and to quarrel, till their land would be brought by their contests to become an object of contempt and pity. He renders sinners afraid of those whom they have despised and oppressed; and the [[Lord]] of hosts will make the workers of iniquity a terror to themselves, and to each other; and every object around a terror to them.
Is. 19:18-25 The words, "In that day," do not always refer to the passage just before. At a time which was to come, the [[Egyptians]] shall speak the holy language, the Scripture language; not only understand it, but use it. Converting grace, by changing the heart, changes the language; for out of the abundance of the [[heart]] the mouth speaks. So many [[Jews]] shall come to [[Egypt]], that they shall soon fill five cities. Where the sun was worshipped, a place infamous for [[idolatry]], even there shall be a wonderful reformation. [[Christ]], the great Altar, who sanctifies every gift, shall be owned, and the [[gospel]] sacrifices of [[prayer]] and praise shall be offered up. Let the broken-hearted and afflicted, whom the [[Lord]] has wounded, and thus taught to return to, and call upon him, take courage; for He will heal their souls, and turn their sorrowing supplications into joyful praises. The Gentile nations shall not only unite with each other in the [[gospel]] fold under [[Christ]], the great Shepherd, but they shall all be united with the [[Jews]]. They shall be owned together by him; they shall all share in one and the same blessing. Meeting at the same throne of grace, and serving with each other in the same business of [[religion]], should end all disputes, and unite the hearts of [[believer]]s to each other in holy love.
----
'''Chapter''' 20
The invasion and conquest of [[Egypt]] and Ethiopia.
[[Isaiah]] was a sign to the people by his unusual dress, when he walked abroad. He commonly wore sackcloth as a prophet, to show himself mortified to the world. He was to loose this from his loins; to wear no upper garments, and to go barefooted. This sign was to signify, that the [[Egyptians]] and Ethiopians should be led away captives by the king of Assyria, thus stripped. The [[world]] will often deem [[believer]]s foolish, when singular in obedience to [[God]]. But the [[Lord]] will support his servants under the most trying effects of their obedience; and what they are called upon to suffer for his sake, commonly is light, compared with what numbers groan under from year to year from sin. Those who make any creature their expectation and glory, and so put it in the place of [[God]], will, sooner or later, be ashamed of it. But disappointment in creature-confidences, instead of driving us to despair, should drive us to [[God]], and our expectation shall not be in vain. The same lesson is in force now; and where shall we look for aid in the hour of necessity, but to the [[Lord]] our [[Righteousness]]?
----
'''Chapter''' 21
The taking of Babylon. (Is. 21:1-10) Of the Edomites. (Is. 21:11,12) Of the Arabs. (Is. 21:13-17)
Is. 21:1-10 Babylon was a flat country, abundantly watered. The destruction of Babylon, so often prophesied of by Isaiah, was typical of the destruction of the great foe of the New Testament [[church]], foretold in the Revelation. To the poor oppressed captives it would be welcome news; to the proud oppressors it would be grievous. Let this check vain mirth and sensual pleasures, that we know not in what heaviness the mirth may end. Here is the alarm given to Babylon, when forced by Cyrus. An ass and a camel seem to be the symbols of the Medes and Persians. Babylon's [[idols]] shall be so far from protecting her, that they shall be broken down. True [[believer]]s are the corn of [[God]]'s floor; hypocrites are but as chaff and straw, with which the wheat is now mixed, but from which it shall be separated. The corn of [[God]]'s floor must expect to be threshed by afflictions and persecutions. [[God]]'s [[Israel]] of old was afflicted. Even then [[God]] owns it is his still. In all events concerning the [[church]], past, present, and to come, we must look to [[God]], who has power to do any thing for his [[church]], and [[grace]] to do every thing that is for her good.
Is. 21:11,12 [[God]]'s prophets and ministers are as watchmen in the city in a time of [[peace]], to see that all is safe. As watchmen in the camp in time of war, to warn of the motions of the enemy. After a long sleep in [[sin]] and security, it is time to rise, to awake out of sleep. We have a great deal of work to do, a long journey to go; it is time to be stirring. After a long dark night is there any [[hope]] of the day dawning? What tidings of the night? What happens to-night? We must never be secure. But many make curious inquiries of the watchmen. They would willingly have nice questions solved, or difficult prophecies interpreted; but they do not seek into the state of their own souls, about the way of [[salvation]], and the path of duty. The watchman answers by way of prophecy. There comes first a morning of light, and [[peace]], and opportunity; but afterward comes a night of trouble and calamity. If there be a morning of youth and health, there will come a night of sickness and old age; if a morning of prosperity in the family, in the public, yet we must look for changes. It is our wisdom to improve the present morning, in preparation for the night that is coming after it. Inquire, return, come. We are urged to do it quickly, for there is no time to trifle. Those that return and come to [[God]], will find they have a great deal of work to do, and but little time to do it in.
Is. 21:13-17 The Arabians lived in tents, and kept cattle. A destroying army shall be brought upon them, and make them an easy prey. We know not what straits we may be brought into before we die. Those may know the want of necessary food who now eat bread to the full. Neither the skill of archers, nor the courage of mighty men, can protect from the judgments of [[God]]. That is poor glory, which will thus quickly come to nothing. Thus hath the [[Lord]] said to me; and no word of his shall fall to the ground. We may be sure the Strength of [[Israel]] will not lie. Happy are those only whose riches and [[glory]] are out of the reach of invaders; all other prosperity will speedily pass away.
----
'''Chapter''' 22
The siege and taking of [[Jerusalem]]. (Is. 22:1-7) The wicked conduct of its inhabitants. (Is. 22:8-14) The displacing of Shebna, and the promotion of Eliakim, applied to the [[Messiah]]. (Is. 22:15-25)
Is. 22:1-7 Why is [[Jerusalem]] in such terror? Her slain men are not slain with the sword, but with famine; or, slain with fear, disheartened. Their rulers fled, but were overtaken. The servants of [[God]], who foresee and warn sinners of coming miseries, are affected by the prospect. But all the horrors of a city taken by storm, faintly shadow forth the terrors of the day of wrath.
Is. 22:8-14 The weakness of [[Judah]] now appeared more than ever. Now also they discovered their carnal confidence and their carnal security. They looked to the fortifications. They made sure of water for the city. But they were regardless of [[God]] in all these preparations. They did not care for his [[glory]] in what they did. They did not depend upon him for a blessing on their endeavours. For every creature is to us what [[God]] makes it to be; and we must bless him for it, and use it for him. There was great contempt of [[God]]'s wrath and justice, in contending with them. [[God]]'s design was to humble them, and bring them to repentance. They walked contrary to this. Actual disbelief of another life after this, is at the bottom of the carnal security and brutish sensuality, which are the [[sin]], the shame, and ruin of so great a part of mankind. [[God]] was displeased at this. It is a [[sin]] against the remedy, and it is not likely they should ever repent of it. Whether this unbelief works by presumption or despair, it produces the same contempt of [[God]], and is a token that a man will perish wilfully.
Is. 22:15-25 This message to Shebna is a reproof of his pride, vanity, and security; what vanity is all earthly grandeur, which [[death]] will so soon end! What will it avail, whether we are laid in a magnificent tomb, or covered with the green sod? Those who, when in power, turn and toss others, will be justly turned and tossed themselves. Eliakim should be put into Shebna's place. Those called to places of [[trust]] and power, should seek to [[God]] for [[grace]] to enable them to do their duty. Eliakim's advancement is described. Our [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] describes his own power as Mediator, Rev. 3:7, that he has the key of [[David]]. His power in the kingdom of heaven, and in ordering all the affairs of that kingdom, is absolute. Rulers should be fathers to those under their government; and the honour men bring unto their families, by their piety and usefulness, is more to be valued than what they derive from them by their names and titles. The [[glory]] of this [[world]] gives a man no real worth or excellence; it is but hung upon him, and it will soon drop from him. Eliakim was compared to a nail in a sure place; all his family are said to depend upon him. In eastern houses, rows of large spikes were built up in the walls. Upon these the moveables and utensils were hung. Our [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] is as a nail in a sure place. That soul cannot perish, nor that concern fall to the ground, which is by [[faith]] hung upon [[Christ]]. He will set before the [[believer]] an open door, which no man can shut, and bring both body and soul to eternal glory. But those who neglect so great [[salvation]] will find, that when he shutteth none can open, whether it be shutting out from heaven, or shutting up in hell for ever.
----
'''Chapter''' 23
The overthrow of Tyre. (Is. 23:1-14) It is established again. (Is. 23:15-18)
Is. 23:1-14 Tyre was the mart of the nations. She was noted for mirth and diversions; and this made her loth to consider the warnings [[God]] gave by his servants. Her merchants were princes, and lived like princes. Tyre being destroyed and laid waste, the merchants should abandon her. Flee to shift for thine own safety; but those that are uneasy in one place, will be so in another; for when [[God]]'s judgments pursue sinners, they will overtake them. Whence shall all this trouble come? It is a destruction from the Almighty. [[God]] designed to convince men of the vanity and uncertainty of all earthly glory. Let the ruin of Tyre warn all places and persons to take heed of pride; for he who exalts himself shall be abased. [[God]] will do it, who has all power in his hand; but the Chaldeans shall be the instruments.
Is. 23:15-18 The desolations of Tyre were not to be for ever. The [[Lord]] will visit Tyre in [[mercy]]. But when set at liberty, she will use her old arts of temptation. The [[love]] of worldly wealth is spiritual [[idolatry]]; and covetousness is spiritual [[idolatry]]. This directs those that have wealth, to use it in the service of [[God]]. When we abide with [[God]] in our worldly callings, when we do all in our power to further the [[gospel]], then our merchandise and hire are [[holiness]] to the [[Lord]], if we look to his glory. [[Christians]] should carry on business as [[God]]'s servants, and use riches as his stewards.
----
'''Chapter''' 24
The desolation of the land. (Is. 24:1-12) A few shall be preserved. (Is. 24:13-15) [[God]]'s kingdom advanced by his judgments. (Is. 24:16-23)
Is. 24:1-12 All whose treasures and happiness are laid up on earth, will soon be brought to want and misery. It is good to apply to ourselves what the Scripture says of the vanity and vexation of spirit which attend all things here below. Sin has turned the earth upside down; the earth is become quite different to man, from what it was when [[God]] first made it to be his habitation. It is, at the best, like a flower, which withers in the hands of those that please themselves with it, and lay it in their bosoms. The [[world]] we live in is a [[world]] of disappointment, a vale of tears; the [[children]] of men in it are but of few days, and full of trouble, See the power of [[God]]'s curse, how it makes all empty, and lays waste all ranks and conditions. Sin brings these calamities upon the earth; it is polluted by the sins of men, therefore it is made desolate by [[God]]'s judgments. Carnal [[joy]] will soon be at end, and the end of it is heaviness. [[God]] has many ways to imbitter wine and strong drink to those who [[love]] them; distemper of body, anguish of mind, and the ruin of the estate, will make strong drink bitter, and the delights of sense tasteless. Let men learn to mourn for [[sin]], and [[rejoice]] in [[God]]; then no man, no event, can take their [[joy]] from them.
Is. 24:13-15 There shall be a remnant preserved from the general ruin, and it shall be a devout and pious remnant. These few are dispersed; like the gleanings of the olive tree, hid under the leaves. The [[Lord]] knows those that are his; the [[world]] does not. When the mirth of carnal worldlings ceases, the [[joy]] of the saints is as lively as ever, because the covenant of grace, the fountain of their comforts, and the foundation of their hopes, never fails. Those who [[rejoice]] in the [[Lord]] can [[rejoice]] in tribulation, and by [[faith]] may triumph when all about them are in tears. They encourage their fellow-sufferers to do likewise, even those who are in the furnace of affliction. Or, in the valleys, low, dark, miry places. In every fire, even the hottest, in every place, even the remotest, let us keep up our good thoughts of [[God]]. If none of these trials move us, then we glorify the [[Lord]] in the fires.
Is. 24:16-23 Believers may be driven into the uttermost parts of the earth; but they are singing, not sighing. Here is terror to sinners; the prophet laments the miseries he saw breaking in like a torrent; and the small number of [[believer]]s. He foresees that [[sin]] would abound. The meaning is plain, that evil pursues sinners. Unsteady, uncertain are all these things. Worldly men think to dwell in the earth as in a palace, as in a castle; but it shall be removed like a cottage, like a lodge put up for the night. It shall fall and not rise again; but there shall be new heavens and a new earth, in which shall dwell nothing but righteousness. Sin is a burden to the whole creation; it is a heavy burden, under which it groans now, and will sink at last. The high ones, that are puffed up with their grandeur, that think themselves out of the reach of danger, [[God]] will visit for their pride and cruelty. Let us judge nothing before the time, though some shall be visited. None in this [[world]] should be secure, though their condition be ever so prosperous; nor need any despair, though their condition be ever so deplorable. [[God]] will be glorified in all this. But the mystery of Providence is not yet finished. The ruin of the [[Redeemer]]'s enemies must make way for his kingdom, and then the Sun of [[Righteousness]] will appear in full glory. Happy are those who take warning by the sentence against others; every impenitent sinner will sink under his transgression, and rise no more, while [[believer]]s enjoy everlasting bliss.
----
'''Chapter''' 25
A song of praise. (Is. 25:1-5) A declaration of the [[gospel]] blessings. (Is. 25:6-8) The destruction of the enemies of [[Christ]]'s [[church]]. (Is. 25:9-12)
Is. 25:1-5 However this might show the deliverance of the [[Jews]] out of captivity, it looked further, to the praises that should be offered up to [[God]] for [[Christ]]'s victories over our spiritual enemies, and the comforts he has provided for all [[believer]]s. True [[faith]] simply credits the [[Lord]]'s testimony, and relies on his truth to perform his promises. As [[God]] weakens the strong who are proud and secure, so he strengthens the weak that are humble, and stay themselves upon him. [[God]] protects his people in all weathers. The [[Lord]] shelters those who [[trust]] in him from the insolence of oppressors. Their insolence is but the noise of strangers; it is like the heat of the sun scorching in the middle of the day; but where is it when the sun is set? The [[Lord]] ever was, and ever will be, the Refuge of distressed [[believer]]s. Having provided them a shelter, he teaches them to flee unto it.
Is. 25:6-8 The kind reception of repentant sinners, is often in the New Testament likened to a feast. The guests invited are all people, [[Gentiles]] as well as [[Jews]]. There is that in the [[gospel]] which strengthens and makes glad the heart, and is fit for those who are under convictions of [[sin]], and mourning for it. There is a veil spread over all nations, for all sat in darkness. But this veil the [[Lord]] will destroy, by the light of his [[gospel]] shining in the world, and the power of his [[Spirit]] opening men's eyes to receive it. He will raise those to spiritual life who were long dead in trespasses and sins. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] will himself, in his resurrection, triumph over death. Grief shall be banished; there shall be perfect and endless joy. Those that mourn for [[sin]] shall be comforted. Those who suffer for [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] shall have consolations. But in the joys of heaven, and not short of them, will fully be brought to pass this saying, [[God]] shall wipe away all tears. The [[hope]] of this should now do away over-sorrow, all weeping that hinders sowing. Sometimes, in this [[world]] [[God]] takes away the reproach of his people from among men; however, it will be done fully at the great day. Let us patiently bear sorrow and shame now; both will be done away shortly.
Is. 25:9-12 With [[joy]] and praise will those entertain the glad tidings of the [[Redeemer]], who looked for him; and with a triumphant song will glorified saints enter into the [[joy]] of their [[Lord]]. And it is not in vain to wait for him; for the [[mercy]] comes at last, with abundant recompence for the delay. The hands once stretched out upon the cross, to make way for our [[salvation]], will at length be stretched forth to destroy all impenitent sinners. Moab is here put for all adversaries of [[God]]'s people; they shall all be trodden down or threshed. [[God]] shall bring down the pride of the enemies by one humbling judgment after another. This destruction of Moab is typical of [[Christ]]'s victory, and the pulling down of [[Satan]]'s strong holds. Therefore, beloved brethren, be ye stedfast, unmovable, always abounding in the work of the [[Lord]]; for your labour is not in vain in the [[Lord]].
----
'''Chapter''' 26
The [[Divine]] mercies encourage to confidence in [[God]]. (Is. 26:1-4) His judgments. (Is. 26:5-11) His people exhorted to wait upon Him. (Is. 26:12-19) Deliverance promised. (Is. 26:20,21)
Is. 26:1-4 "That day," seems to mean when the New Testament Babylon shall be levelled with the ground. The unchangeable promise and covenant of the [[Lord]] are the walls of the [[church]] of [[God]]. The gates of this city shall be open. Let sinners then be encouraged to join to the [[Lord]]. Thou wilt keep him in [[peace]]; in perfect [[peace]], inward [[peace]], outward [[peace]], [[peace]] with [[God]], [[peace]] of conscience, [[peace]] at all times, in all events. Trust in the [[Lord]] for that [[peace]], that portion, which will be for ever. Whatever we [[trust]] to the [[world]] for, it will last only for a moment; but those who [[trust]] in [[God]] shall not only find in him, but shall receive from him, strength that will carry them to that blessedness which is for ever. Let us then acknowledge him in all our ways, and rely on him in all trials.
Is. 26:5-11 The way of the just is evenness, a steady course of obedience and holy conversation. And it is their happiness that [[God]] makes their way plain and easy. It is our duty, and will be our comfort, to wait for [[God]], to keep up holy desires toward him in the darkest and most discouraging times. Our troubles must never turn us from [[God]]; and in the darkest, longest night of affliction, with our souls must we desire him; and this we must wait and pray to him for. We make nothing of our [[religion]], whatever our profession may be, if we do not make heart-work of it. Though we come ever so early, we shall find [[God]] ready to receive us. The intention of afflictions is to teach righteousness: blessed is the man whom the [[Lord]] thus teaches. But sinners walk contrary to him. They will go on in their evil ways, because they will not consider what a [[God]] he is whose laws they persist in despising. Scorners and the secure will shortly feel, what now they will not believe, that it is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living [[God]]. They will not see the evil of sin; but they shall see. Oh that they would abandon their sins, and turn to the [[Lord]], that he may have [[mercy]] upon them.
Is. 26:12-19 Every creature, every business, any way serviceable to our comfort, [[God]] makes to be so; he makes that work for us which seemed to make against us. They had been slaves of [[sin]] and [[Satan]]; but by the [[Divine]] [[grace]] they were taught to look to be set free from all former masters. The cause opposed to [[God]] and his kingdom will sink at last. See our need of afflictions. Before, [[prayer]] came drop by drop; now they pour it out, it comes now like water from a fountain. Afflictions bring us to secret [[prayer]]. Consider [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] as the Speaker addressing his [[church]]. His resurrection from the dead was an earnest of all the deliverance foretold. The power of his grace, like the dew or rain, which causes the herbs that seem dead to revive, would raise his [[church]] from the lowest state. But we may refer to the resurrection of the dead, especially of those united to [[Christ]].
Is. 26:20,21 When dangers threaten, it is good to retire and lie hid; when we commend ourselves to [[God]] to hide us, he will hide us either under heaven or in heaven. Thus we shall be safe and happy in the midst of tribulations. It is but for a short time, as it were for a little moment; when over, it will seem as nothing. [[God]]'s place is the [[mercy]]-seat; there he delights to be: when he punishes, he comes out of his place, for he has no pleasure in the [[death]] of sinners. But there is hardly any truth more frequently repeated in Scripture, than [[God]]'s determined purpose to punish the workers of iniquity. Let us keep close to the [[Lord]], and separate from the world; and let us seek comfort in secret [[prayer]]. A day of vengeance is coming on the world, and before it comes we are to expect tribulation and suffering. But because the [[Christian]] looks for these things, shall he be restless and dismayed? No, let him repose himself in his [[God]]. Abiding in him, the [[believer]] is safe. And let us wait patiently the fulfilling of [[God]]'s promises.
----
'''Chapter''' 27
[[God]]'s care over his people. (Is. 27:1-5) A promise of their recall to [[Divine]] favour. (Is. 27:6-13)
Is. 27:1-5 The [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] with his strong sword, the virtue of his death, and the preaching of his [[gospel]], does and will destroy him that had the power of death, that is, the devil, that old serpent. The world is a fruitless, worthless wilderness; but the [[church]] is a vineyard, a place that has great care taken of it, and from which precious fruits are gathered. [[God]] will keep it in the night of affliction and persecution, and in the day of [[peace]] and prosperity, the [[temptations]] of which are not less dangerous. [[God]] also takes care of the fruitfulness of this vineyard. We need the continual waterings of [[Divine]] grace; if these be at any time withdrawn, we wither, and come to nothing. Though [[God]] sometimes contends with his people, yet he graciously waits to be reconciled unto them. It is true, when he finds briers and thorns instead of vines, and they are set in array against him, he will tread them down and burn them. Here is a summary of the doctrine of the [[gospel]], with which the [[church]] is to be watered every moment. Ever since [[sin]] first entered, there has been, on [[God]]'s part, a righteous quarrel, but, on man's part, most unrighteous. Here is a gracious invitation given. Pardoning [[mercy]] is called the power of our [[Lord]]; let us take hold on that. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] crucified is the power of [[God]]. Let us by lively [[faith]] take hold on his strength who is a strength to the needy, believing there is no other name by which we can be saved, as a man that is sinking catches hold of a bough, or cord, or plank, that is in his reach. This is the only way, and it is a sure way, to be saved. [[God]] is willing to be reconciled to us.
Is. 27:6-13 In the days of the [[gospel]], the latter days, the [[gospel]] [[church]] shall be more firmly fixed than the Jewish [[church]], and shall spread further. May our souls be continually watered and kept, that we may abound in the fruits of the [[Spirit]], in all goodness, righteousness, and truth. The [[Jews]] yet are kept a separate and a numerous people; they have not been rooted out as those who slew them. The condition of that nation, through so many ages, forms a certain proof of the Divine origin of the Scriptures; and the [[Jews]] live amongst us, a continued warning against sin. But though winds are ever so rough, ever so high, [[God]] can say to them, Peace, be still. And though [[God]] will afflict his people, yet he will make their afflictions to work for the good of their souls. According to this promise, since the captivity in Babylon, no people have shown such hatred to [[idols]] and [[idolatry]] as the [[Jews]]. And to all [[God]]'s people, the design of affliction is to part between them and sin. The affliction has done us good, when we keep at a distance from the occasions of [[sin]], and use care that we may not be tempted to it. [[Jerusalem]] had been defended by [[grace]] and the [[Divine]] protection; but when [[God]] withdrew, she was left like a wilderness. This has awfully come to pass. And this is a figure of the deplorable state of the vineyard, the [[church]], when it brought forth wild grapes. Sinners flatter themselves they shall not be dealt with severely, because [[God]] is merciful, and is their Maker. We see how weak those pleas will be. Verses 12,13, seem to predict the restoration of the [[Jews]] after the Babylonish captivity, and their recovery from their present dispersion. This is further applicable to the preaching of the [[gospel]], by which sinners are gathered into the [[grace]] of [[God]]; the [[gospel]] proclaims the acceptable year of the [[Lord]]. Those gathered by the sounding of the [[gospel]] trumpet, are brought in to [[worship]] [[God]], and added to the [[church]]; and the last trumpet will gather the saints together.
----
'''Chapter''' 28
The desolations of Samaria. (Is. 28:1-4) The prosperity of [[Judah]]; with reproofs for sinfulness and unbelief. (Is. 28:5-15) [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is pointed out as the sure Foundation for all [[believer]]s. (Is. 28:16-22) [[God]]'s dealings with his people. (Is. 28:23-29)
Is. 28:1-4 What men are proud of, be it ever so mean, is to them as a crown; but pride is the forerunner of destruction. How foolishly drunkards act! Those who are overcome with wine are overcome by [[Satan]]; and there is not greater drudgery in the [[world]] than hard drinking. Their health is ruined; men are broken in their callings and estates, and their families are ruined by it. Their souls are in danger of being undone for ever, and all merely to gratify a base lust. In [[God]]'s professing people, like [[Israel]], it is worse than in any other. And he is just in taking away the plenty they thus abuse. The plenty they were proud of, is but a fading flower. Like the early fruit, which, as soon as discovered, is plucked and eaten.
Is. 28:5-15 The prophet next turns to [[Judah]], whom he calls the residue of his people. Happy are those alone, who [[glory]] in the [[Lord]] of hosts himself. Hence his people get wisdom and strength for every service and every conflict. But it is only in [[Jesus Christ|Christ Jesus]] that the holy [[God]] communicates with sinful man. And whether those that teach are drunk with wine, or intoxicated with false doctrines and notions concerning the kingdom and [[salvation]] of the [[Messiah]], they not only err themselves, but lead multitudes astray. All places where such persons have taught are filled with errors. For our instruction in the things of [[God]], it is needful that the same precept and the same line should be often repeated to us, that we may the better understand them. [[God]], by his word, calls us to what is really for our advantage; the service of [[God]] is the only true rest for those weary of the service of [[sin]], and there is no refreshment but under the easy yoke of the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]]. All this had little effect upon the people. Those who will not understand what is plain, but scorn and despise it as mean and trifling, are justly punished. If we are at [[peace]] with [[God]], we have, in effect, made a covenant with death; whenever it comes, it cannot do us any real damage, if we are [[Christ]]'s. But to think of making [[death]] our friend, while by [[sin]] we are making [[God]] our enemy, is absurd. And do not they make lies their refuge who [[trust]] in their own righteousness, or to a death-bed repentance? which is a resolution to [[sin]] no more, when it is no longer in their power to do so.
Is. 28:16-22 Here is a promise of [[Christ]], as the only foundation of [[hope]] for escaping the wrath to come. This foundation was laid in [[Zion]], in the eternal counsels of [[God]]. This foundation is a stone, firm and able to support his [[church]]. It is a tried stone, a chosen stone, approved of [[God]], and never failed any who made trial of it. A corner stone, binding together the whole building, and bearing the whole weight; precious in the sight of the [[Lord]], and of every [[believer]]; a sure foundation on which to build. And he who in any age or nation shall believe this testimony, and rest all his hopes, and his never-dying soul on this foundation, shall never be confounded. The right effect of [[faith]] in [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is, to quiet and calm the soul, till events shall be timed by Him, who has all times in his own hand and power. Whatever men [[trust]] to for justification, except the righteousness of Christ; or for wisdom, strength, and [[holiness]], except the influences of the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]]; or for happiness, except the favour of [[God]]; that protection in which they thought to shelter themselves, will prove not enough to answer the intention. Those who rest in a righteousness of their own, will have deceived themselves: the bed is too short, the covering too narrow. [[God]] will be glorified in the fulfilling of his counsels. If those that profess to be members of [[God]]'s [[church]], make themselves like [[Philistines]] and Canaanites, they must expect to be dealt with as such. Then dare not to ridicule the reproofs of [[God]]'s word, or the approaches of judgements.
Is. 28:23-29 The husbandman applies to his calling with pains and prudence, in all the works of it according to their nature. Thus the [[Lord]], who has given men this wisdom, is wonderful in counsel, and excellent in his working. As the occasion requires, he threatens, corrects, spares, shows [[mercy]], or executes vengeance. Afflictions are [[God]]'s threshing instruments, to loosen us from the world, to part between us and our chaff, and to prepare us for use. [[God]] will proportion them to our strength; they shall be no heavier than there is need. When his end is answered, the trials and sufferings of his people shall cease; his wheat shall be gathered into the garner, but the chaff shall be burned with unquenchable fire.
----
'''Chapter''' 29
Judgements on [[Jerusalem]] and on its enemies. (Is. 29:1-8) The senselessness and hypocrisy of the [[Jews]]. (Is. 29:9-16) The conversion of the [[Gentiles]], and future blessings for the [[Jews]]. (Is. 29:17-24)
Is. 29:1-8 Ariel may signify the altar of burnt-offerings. Let [[Jerusalem]] know that outward religious services will not make men free from judgements. Hypocrites never can please [[God]], nor make their [[peace]] with him. [[God]] had often and long, by a host of angels, encamped round about [[Jerusalem]] for protection and deliverance; but now he fought against it. Proud looks and proud language shall be brought down by humbling providences. The destruction of [[Jerusalem]]'s enemies is foretold. The army of Sennacherib went as a dream; and thus the multitudes, that through successive ages fight against [[God]]'s altar and worship, shall fall. Speedily will sinners awake from their soothing dreams in the pains of hell.
Is. 29:9-16 The security of sinners in sinful ways, is cause for lamentation and wonder. The learned men, through prejudice, said that the [[Divine]] prophecies were obscure; and the poor urged their want of learning. The [[Bible]] is a sealed book to every man, learned or unlearned, till he begins to study it with a simple [[heart]] and a teachable spirit, that he may thence learn the truth and the will of [[God]]. To [[worship]] [[God]], is to approach him. And if the [[heart]] be full of his [[love]] and fear, out of the abundance of it the mouth will speak; but there are many whose [[religion]] is lip-labour only. When they pretend to be speaking to [[God]], they are thinking of a thousand foolish things. They [[worship]] the [[God]] of [[Israel]] according to their own devices. Numbers are only formal in worship. And their [[religion]] is only to comply with custom, and to serve their own interest. But the wanderings of mind, and defects in devotion, which are the [[believer]]'s burden, are very different from the withdrawing of the [[heart]] from [[God]], so severely blamed. And those who make [[religion]] no more than a pretence, to serve a turn, deceive themselves. And as those that quarrel with [[God]], so those that think to conceal themselves from him, in effect charge him with folly. But all their perVerse conduct shall be entirely done away.
Is. 29:17-24 The wonderful change here foretold, may refer to the affairs of [[Judah]], though it looks further. When a great harvest of souls was gathered to [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] from among the [[Gentiles]], then the wilderness was turned into a fruitful field; and the Jewish [[church]], that had long been a fruitful field, became as a deserted forest. Those who, when in trouble, can truly [[rejoice]] in [[God]], shall soon have cause greatly to [[rejoice]] in him. The [[grace]] of meekness contributes to the increase of our holy joy. The enemies who were powerful shall become mean and weak. To complete the repose of [[God]]'s people, the scorners at home shall be cut off by judgements. All are apt to speak unadvisedly, and to mistake what they hear, but it is very unfair to make a man an offender for a word. They did all they could to bring those into trouble who told them of their faults. But He that redeemed [[Abraham]] out of his snares and troubles, will redeem those who are, by faith, his true seed, out of theirs. It will be the greatest comfort to godly parents to see their [[children]] renewed creatures, the work of [[God]]'s grace. May those who now err in spirit, and murmur against the truth, come to understanding, and learn true doctrine. The [[Spirit]] of truth shall set right their mistakes, and lead them into all truth. This should encourage us to pray for those that have erred, and are deceived. All who murmured at the truths of [[God]], as hard sayings, shall learn and be aware what [[God]] designed in all. See the change [[religion]] produces in the hearts of men, and the [[peace]] and pleasure of a humble and devout spirit.
----
'''Chapter''' 30
The [[Jews]] reproved for seeking aid from [[Egypt]]. (Is. 30:1-7) Judgements in consequence of their contempt of [[God]]'s word. (Is. 30:8-18) [[God]]'s mercies to his [[church]]. (Is. 30:19-26) The ruin of the Assyrian army, and of all [[God]]'s enemies. (Is. 30:27-33)
Is. 30:1-7 It was often the fault and folly of the [[Jews]], that when troubled by their neighbours on one side, they sought for succour from others, instead of looking up to [[God]]. Nor can we avoid the dreadful consequences of adding [[sin]] to [[sin]], but by making the righteousness of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] our refuge, and seeking for the sanctification of the Holy Spirit. Men have always been prone to lean to their own understandings, but this will end in their shame and misery. They would not [[trust]] in [[God]]. They took much pains to gain the [[Egyptians]]. The riches so spent turned to a bad account. See what dangers men run into who forsake [[God]] to follow their carnal confidences. The Creator is the Rock of ages, the creature a broken reed; we cannot expect too little from man, or too much from [[God]]. Our strength is to sit still, in humble dependence upon [[God]] and his goodness, and quiet submission to his will.
Is. 30:8-18 The [[Jews]] were the only professing people [[God]] then had in the world, yet many among them were rebellious. They had the light, but they loved darkness rather. The prophets checked them in their sinful pursuits, so that they could not proceed without fear; this they took amiss. But faithful ministers will not be driven from seeking to awaken sinners. [[God]] is the Holy One of [[Israel]], and so they shall find him. They did not like to hear of his holy [[commandments]] and his hatred of sin; they desired that they might no more be reminded of these things. But as they despised the word of [[God]], their sins undermined their safety. Their state would be dashed in pieces like a potter's vessel. Let us return from our evil ways, and settle in the way of duty; that is the way to be saved. Would we be strengthened, it must be in quietness and in confidence, keeping [[peace]] in our own minds, and relying upon [[God]]. They think themselves wiser than [[God]]; but the project by which they thought to save themselves was their ruin. Only here and there one shall escape, as a warning to others. If men will not repent, turn to [[God]], and seek happiness in his favour and service, their desires will but hasten their ruin. Those who make [[God]] alone their confidence, will have comfort. [[God]] ever waits to be gracious to all that come to him by [[faith]] in [[Christ]], and happy are those who wait for him.
Is. 30:19-26 [[God]]'s people will soon arrive at the [[Zion]] above, and then they will weep no more for ever. Even now they would have more comfort, as well as [[holiness]], if they were more constant in [[prayer]]. A famine of bread is not so great a judgment as a famine of the word of [[God]]. There are right-hand and left-hand errors; the tempter is busy courting us into by-paths. It is happy if, by the counsels of a faithful minister or friend, or the checks of conscience, and the strivings of [[God]] the Spirit, we are set right when doubting, and prevented from going wrong. They shall be cured of their [[idolatry]]. To all true penitents sin becomes very hateful. This is shown daily in the conversion of souls, by the power of [[Divine]] grace, to the [[fear]] and [[love]] of [[God]]. Abundant means of grace, with the influences of the [[Holy Spirit]], would be extended to places destitute of them. The effect of this should be comfort and [[joy]] to the people of [[God]]. Light, that is, knowledge, shall increase. This is the light which the [[gospel]] brought into the world, and which proclaims [[healing]] to the broken-hearted.
Is. 30:27-33 [[God]] curbs and restrains from doing mischief. With a word he guides his people into the right way, but with a bridle he turns his enemies upon their own ruin. Here, in threatening the ruin of Sennacherib's army, the prophet points at the final and everlasting destruction of all impenitent sinners. Tophet was a valley near [[Jerusalem]], where fires were continually burning to destroy things that were hurtful and offensive, and there the idolatrous [[Jews]] caused their [[children]] to pass through the fire to Moloch. This denotes the certainty of the destruction, as an awful emblem of the place of torment in the other world. No oppressor shall escape the [[Divine]] wrath. Let sinners then flee to [[Christ]], seeking to be reconciled to Him, that they may be safe and happy, when destruction from the Almighty shall sweep away all the workers of iniquity.
----
'''Chapter''' 31
The [[sin]] and folly of seeking help from [[Egypt]]. (Is. 31:1-5) [[God]]'s care for [[Jerusalem]]. (Is. 31:6-9)
Is. 31:1-5 [[God]] will oppose the help sought from workers of iniquity. Sinners may be convicted of folly by plain and self-evident truths, which they cannot deny, but will not believe. There is no escaping the judgments of [[God]]; and evil pursues sinners. The [[Lord]] of hosts will come down to fight for Mount [[Zion]]. The Lion of the tribe of [[Judah]] will appear for the defence of his [[church]]. And as birds hovering over their young ones to protect them, with such compassion and affection will the [[Lord]] of hosts defend [[Jerusalem]]. He will so defend it, as to secure its safety.
Is. 31:6-9 They have been backsliding children, yet children; let them return, and their backslidings shall be healed, though they have sunk deep into misery, and cannot easily recover. Many make an idol of their silver and gold, and by the [[love]] of that are drawn from [[God]]; but those who turn to [[God]], will be ready to part with it. Then, when they have cast away their [[idols]], shall the Assyrian fall by the sword of an angel, who strikes more strongly than a mighty man, yet more secretly than a mean man. [[God]] can make the stoutest [[heart]] to tremble. But if we keep up the fire of holy [[love]] and devotion in our hearts and houses, we may depend upon [[God]] to protect us and them.
----
'''Chapter''' 32
Times of [[peace]] and happiness. (Is. 32:1-8) An interval of trouble, yet comfort and blessings in the end. (Is. 32:9-20)
Is. 32:1-8 [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] our righteous King, and his true disciples, are evidently here intended. The consolations and graces of his [[Spirit]] are as rivers of water in this dry land; and as the overhanging rock affords refreshing shade and shelter to the weary traveller in the desert, so his power, truth, and love, yield the [[believer]] the only real protection and refreshment in the weary land through which he journeys to heaven. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] bore the storm himself, to keep it off from us. To him let the trembling sinner flee for refuge; for he alone can protect and refresh us in every trial. See what pains sinners take in sin; they labour at it, their hearts are intent upon it, and with art they work iniquity; but this is our comfort, that they can do no more mischief than [[God]] permits. Let us seek to have our hearts more freed from selfishness. The liberal soul devises liberal things concerning [[God]], and desires that He will grant wisdom and prudence, the comforts of his presence, the influence of his Spirit, and in due time the enjoyment of his glory.
Is. 32:9-20 When there was so much provocation given to the holy [[God]], bad times might be expected. Alas! how many careless ones there are, who support self-indulgence by shameful niggardliness! We deserve to be deprived of the supports of life, when we make them the food of lusts. Let such tremble and be troubled. Blessed times shall be brought in by the pouring out of the [[Spirit]] from on high; then, and not till then, there will be good times. The present state of the [[Jews]] shall continue until a more abundant pouring out of the [[Spirit]] from on high. Peace and quietness shall be found in the way and work of righteousness. True satisfaction is to be had only in true [[religion]]. And real [[holiness]] is real happiness now, and shall be perfect happiness, that is, perfect [[holiness]] for ever. The good seed of the word shall be sown in all places, and be watered by [[Divine]] grace; and laborious, patient labourers shall be sent forth into [[God]]'s husbandry.
----
'''Chapter''' 33
[[God]]'s judgments against the enemies of his [[church]]. (Is. 33:1-14) The happiness of his people. (Is. 33:15-24)
Is. 33:1-14 Here we have the proud and false destroyer justly reckoned with for all his fraud and violence. The righteous [[God]] often pays sinners in their own coin. Those who by [[faith]] humbly wait for [[God]], shall find him gracious to them; as the day, so let the strength be. If [[God]] leaves us to ourselves any morning, we are undone; we must every morning commit ourselves to him, and go forth in his strength to do the work of the day. When [[God]] arises, his enemies are scattered. True wisdom and knowledge lead to strength of [[salvation]], which renders us stedfast in the ways of [[God]]; and true piety is the only treasure which can never be plundered or spent. The distress [[Jerusalem]] was brought into, is described. [[God]]'s time to appear for his people, is, when all other helpers fail. Let all who hear what [[God]] has done, acknowledge that he can do every thing. Sinners in [[Zion]] will have much to answer for, above other sinners. And those that rebel against the commands of the word, cannot take its comforts in time of need. His wrath will burn those everlastingly who make themselves fuel for it. It is a fire that shall never be quenched, nor ever go out of itself; it is the wrath of an ever-living [[God]] preying on the conscience of a never-dying soul.
Is. 33:15-24 The true [[believer]] watches against all occasions of sin. The [[Divine]] power will keep him safe, and his [[faith]] in that power will keep him easy. He shall want nothing needful for him. Every blessing of [[salvation]] is freely bestowed on all that ask with humble, believing [[prayer]]; and the [[believer]] is safe in time and for ever. Those that walk uprightly shall not only have bread given, and their water sure, but they shall, by faith, see the King of kings in his beauty, the beauty of [[holiness]]. The remembrance of the terror they were in, shall add to the pleasure of their deliverance. It is desirable to be quiet in our own houses, but much more so to be quiet in [[God]]'s house; and in every age [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] will have a seed to serve him. [[Jerusalem]] had no large river running by it, but the presence and power of [[God]] make up all wants. We have all in [[God]], all we need, or can desire. By [[faith]] we take Christ for our Prince and [[Saviour]]; he reigns over his redeemed people. All that refuse to have Him to reign over them, make shipwreck of their souls. Sickness is taken away in [[mercy]], when the fruit of it is the taking away of sin. If iniquity be taken away, we have little reason to complain of outward affliction. This last Verse leads our thoughts, not only to the most glorious state of the [[gospel]] [[church]] on earth, but to heaven, where no sickness or trouble can enter. He that blotteth out our transgressions, will heal our souls.
----
'''Chapter''' 34
[[God]]'s vengeance against the enemies of his [[church]]. (Is. 34:1-8) Their desolation. (Is. 34:9-17)
Is. 34:1-8 Here is a prophecy of the wars of the [[Lord]], all which are both righteous and successful. All nations are concerned. And as they have all had the benefit of his patience, so all must expect to feel his resentment. The description of bloodshed suggests tremendous ideas of the [[Divine]] judgments. Idumea here denotes the nations at enmity with the [[church]]; also the kingdom of [[Text:EBD:Antichrist|Antichrist]]. Our thoughts cannot reach the horrors of that awful season, to those found opposing the [[church]] of [[Christ]]. There is a time fixed in the [[Divine]] counsels for the deliverance of the [[church]], and the destruction of her enemies. We must patiently wait till then, and judge nothing before the time. Through [[Christ]], [[mercy]] is exercised to every [[believer]], consistently with justice, and his name is glorified.
Is. 34:9-17 Those who aim to ruin the [[church]], can never do that, but will ruin themselves. What dismal changes [[sin]] can make! It turns a fruitful land into barrenness, a crowded city into a wilderness. Let us compare all we discover in the book of the [[Lord]], with the dealings of providence around us, that we may be more diligent in seeking the kingdom of [[God]] and his righteousness. What the mouth of the [[Lord]] has commanded, his [[Spirit]] will perform. And let us observe how the evidences of the truth continually increase, as one prophecy after another is fulfilled, until these awful scenes bring in more happy days. As [[Israel]] was a figure of the [[Christian]] [[church]], so the Edomites, their bitter enemies, represent the enemies of the kingdom of [[Christ]]. [[God]]'s [[Jerusalem]] may be laid in ruins for a time, but the enemies of the [[church]] shall be desolate for ever.
----
'''Chapter''' 35
The flourishing state of [[Christ]]'s kingdom. (Is. 35:1-4) The privileges of his people. (Is. 35:5-10)
Is. 35:1-4 Judea was prosperous in the days of Hezekiah, but the kingdom of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is the great subject intended. Converting [[grace]] makes the soul that was a wilderness, to [[rejoice]] with [[joy]] and singing, and to blossom abundantly. The feeble and faint-hearted are encouraged. This is the design of the [[gospel]]. Fear is weakening; the more we strive against it, the stronger we are, both for doing and suffering; and he that says to us, Be strong, has laid help for us upon One who is mighty. Assurance is given of the approach of [[Messiah]], to take vengeance on the powers of darkness, to recompense with abundant comforts those that mourn in [[Zion]]; He will come and save. He will come again at the end of time, to punish those who have troubled his people; and to give those who were troubled such rest as will be a full reward for all their troubles.
Is. 35:5-10 When [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] shall come to set up his kingdom in the world, then wonders, great wonders, shall be wrought on men's souls. By the word and [[Spirit]] of [[Christ]], the spiritually blind were enlightened; and those deaf to the calls of [[God]] were made to hear them readily. Those unable to do any thing good, by [[Divine]] [[grace]] were made active therein. Those that knew not how to speak of [[God]] or to [[God]], had their lips opened to show forth his praise. When the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]] came upon the [[Gentiles]] that heard the word, then were the fountains of life opened. Most of the earth is still a desert; neither means of grace, spiritual worshippers, nor fruits of [[holiness]], are to be found in it. But the way of [[religion]] and [[godliness]] shall be laid open. The way of [[holiness]] is the way of [[God]]'s commandment; it is the good old way. And the way to heaven is a plain way. Those knowing but little, and unlearned, shall be kept from missing the road. It shall be a safe way; nothing can do them any real hurt. [[Christ]], the way to [[God]], shall be clearly made known; and the way of a [[believer]]'s duty shall be plainly marked out. Let us then go forward cheerfully, assured that the end of this way shall be everlasting joy, and rest for the soul. Those who by [[faith]] are made citizens of the [[gospel]] [[Zion]], [[rejoice]] in [[Jesus Christ|Christ Jesus]]; and their sorrows and sighs are made to flee away by [[Divine]] consolations. Thus these prophecies conclude. Our joyful hopes and prospects of eternal life should swallow up all the sorrows and all the joys of this present time. But of what avail is it to admire the excellence of [[God]]'s word, unless we can call its precious promises our own? Do we [[love]] [[God]], not only as our Creator, but because he gave his only Son to die for us? And are we walking in the ways of [[holiness]]? Let us try ourselves by such plain questions, rather than spend time on things that may be curious and amusing, but are unprofitable.
----
'''Chapter''' 36
See II Kin. 18:17-37, and the commentary thereon.
----
'''Chapter''' 37
This Chapter is the same as II Kin. 19.
----
'''Chapter''' 38
Hezekiah's sickness and recovery. (Is. 38:1-8) His thanksgiving. (Is. 38:9-22)
Is. 38:1-8 When we pray in our sickness, though [[God]] send not to us such an answer as he here sent to Hezekiah, yet, if by his [[Spirit]] he bids us be of good cheer, assures us that our sins are forgiven, and that, whether we live or die, we shall be his, we do not pray in vain. See II Kin. 20:1-11.
Is. 38:9-22 We have here Hezekiah's thanksgiving. It is well for us to remember the mercies we receive in sickness. Hezekiah records the condition he was in. He dwells upon this; I shall no more see the [[Lord]]. A good man wishes not to live for any other end than that he may serve [[God]], and have communion with him. Our present residence is like that of a shepherd in his hut, a poor, mean, and cold lodging, and with a trust committed to our charge, as the shepherd has. Our days are compared to the weaver's shuttle, Job 7:6, passing and repassing very swiftly, every throw leaving a thread behind it; and when finished, the piece is cut off, taken out of the loom, and showed to our Master to be judged of. A good man, when his life is cut off, his cares and fatigues are cut off with it, and he rests from his labours. But our times are in [[God]]'s hand; he has appointed what shall be the length of the piece. When sick, we are very apt to calculate our time, but are still at uncertainty. It should be more our care how we shall get safe to another world. And the more we taste of the loving-kindness of [[God]], the more will our hearts [[love]] him, and live to him. It was in [[love]] to our poor perishing souls that [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] delivered them. The [[pardon]] does not make the [[sin]] not to have been [[sin]], but not to be punished as it deserves. It is pleasant to think of our recoveries from sickness, when we see them flowing from the [[pardon]] of sin. Hezekiah's opportunity to glorify [[God]] in this world, he made the business, and pleasure, and end of life. Being recovered, he resolves to abound in praising and serving [[God]]. [[God]]'s promises are not to do away, but to quicken and encourage the use of means. Life and health are given that we may glorify [[God]] and do good.
----
'''Chapter''' 39
This Chapter is the same as II Kin. 20:12-19.
----
'''Chapter''' 40
The preaching of the [[gospel]], and glad tidings of the coming of [[Christ]]. (Is. 40:1-11) The almighty power of [[God]]. (Is. 40:12-17) The folly of [[idolatry]]. (Is. 40:18-26) Against unbelief. (Is. 40:27-31)
Is. 40:1-11 All human life is a warfare; the [[Christian]] life is the most so; but the struggle will not last always. Troubles are removed in love, when [[sin]] is [[pardon]] ed. In the great atonement of the [[death]] of [[Christ]], the [[mercy]] of [[God]] is exercised to the [[glory]] of his justice. In [[Christ]], and his sufferings, true penitents receive of the [[Lord]]'s hand double for all their sins; for the satisfaction [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] made by his [[death]] was of infinite value. The prophet had some reference to the return of the [[Jews]] from Babylon. But this is a small event, compared with that pointed out by the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]] in the New Testament, when John the Baptist proclaimed the approach of [[Christ]]. When eastern princes marched through desert countries, ways were prepared for them, and hinderances removed. And may the [[Lord]] prepare our hearts by the teaching of his word and the convictions of his Spirit, that high and proud thoughts may be brought down, good desires planted, crooked and rugged tempers made straight and softened, and every hinderance removed, that we may be ready for his will on earth, and prepared for his heavenly kingdom. What are all that belongs to fallen man, or all that he does, but as the grass and the flower thereof! And what will all the titles and possessions of a dying sinner avail, when they leave him under condemnation! The word of the [[Lord]] can do that for us, which all flesh cannot. The glad tidings of the coming of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] were to be sent forth to the ends of the earth. [[Satan]] is the strong man armed; but our [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] is stronger; and he shall proceed, and do all that he purposes. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is the good Shepherd; he shows tender care for young converts, weak [[believer]]s, and those of a sorrowful spirit. By his word he requires no more service, and by his providence he inflicts no more trouble, than he will strengthen them for. May we know our Shepherd's voice, and follow him, proving ourselves his sheep.
Is. 40:12-17 All created beings shrink to nothing in comparison with the Creator. When the [[Lord]], by his Spirit, made the world, none directed his Spirit, or gave advice what to do, or how to do it. The nations, in comparison of him, are as a drop which remains in the bucket, compared with the vast ocean; or as the small dust in the balance, which does not turn it, compared with all the earth. This magnifies [[God]]'s [[love]] to the world, that, though it is of such small account and value with him, yet, for the redemption of it, he gave his only-begotten Son, John 3:16. The services of the [[church]] can make no addition to him. Our souls must have perished for ever, if the only Son of the Father had not given himself for us.
Is. 40:18-26 Whatever we esteem or love, [[fear]] or [[hope]] in, more than [[God]], that creature we make equal with [[God]], though we do not make images or [[worship]] them. He that is so poor, that he has scarcely a sacrifice to offer, yet will not be without a god of his own. They spared no cost upon their [[idols]]; we grudge what is spent in the service of our [[God]]. To prove the greatness of [[God]], the prophet appeals to all ages and nations. Those who are ignorant of this, are willingly ignorant. [[God]] has the command of all creatures, and of all created things. The prophet directs us to use our reason as well as our senses; to consider who created the hosts of heaven, and to pay our homage to Him. Not one fails to fulfil his will. And let us not forget, that He spake all the promises, and engaged to perform them.
Is. 40:27-31 The people of [[God]] are reproved for their unbelief and distrust of [[God]]. Let them remember they took the names [[Jacob]] and [[Israel]], from one who found [[God]] faithful to him in all his straits. And they bore these names as a people in covenant with Him. Many foolish frets, and foolish fears, would vanish before inquiry into the causes. It is bad to have evil thoughts rise in our minds, but worse to turn them into evil words. What they had known, and had heard, was sufficient to silence all these fears and distrusts. Where [[God]] had begun the work of grace, he will perfect it. He will help those who, in humble dependence on him, help themselves. As the day, so shall the strength be. In the strength of [[Divine]] [[grace]] their souls shall ascend above the world. They shall run the way of [[God]]'s commandments cheerfully. Let us watch against unbelief, pride, and self-confidence. If we go forth in our own strength, we shall faint, and utterly fall; but having our hearts and our hopes in heaven, we shall be carried above all difficulties, and be enabled to lay hold of the prize of our high calling in [[Jesus Christ|Christ Jesus]].
----
'''Chapter''' 41
[[God]]'s care of his people. (Is. 41:1-9) they are encouraged not to fear. (Is. 41:10-20) The vanity and folly of [[idolatry]]. (Is. 41:21-29)
Is. 41:1-9 Can any heathen god raise up one in righteousness, make what use of him he pleases, and make him victorious over the nations? The [[Lord]] did so with [[Abraham]], or rather, he would do so with Cyrus. Sinners encourage one another in the ways of sin; shall not the servants of the living [[God]] stir up one another in his service? [[God]]'s people are the seed of [[Abraham]] his friend. This is certainly the highest title ever given to a mortal. It means that [[Abraham]], by [[Divine]] grace, was made like to [[God]], and that he was admitted to communion with Him. Happy are the servants of the [[Lord]], whom he has called to be his friends, and to walk with him in [[faith]] and holy obedience. Let not such as have thus been favoured yield to fear; for the contest may be sharp, but the victory shall be sure.
Is. 41:10-20 [[God]] speaks with tenderness; Fear thou not, for I am with thee: not only within call, but present with thee. Art thou weak? I will strengthen thee. Art thou in want of friends? I will help thee in the time of need. Art thou ready to fall? I will uphold thee with that right hand which is full of righteousness, dealing forth rewards and punishments. There are those that strive with [[God]]'s people, that seek their ruin. Let not [[God]]'s people render evil for evil, but wait [[God]]'s time. It is the worm [[Jacob]]; so little, so weak, so despised and trampled on by every body. [[God]]'s people are as worms, in humble thoughts of themselves, and in their enemies' haughty thoughts of them; worms, but not vipers, not of the serpent's seed. Every part of [[God]]'s word is calculated to humble man's pride, and to make him appear little in his own eyes. The [[Lord]] will help them, for he is their [[Redeemer]]. The [[Lord]] will make [[Jacob]] to become a threshing instrument. [[God]] will make him fit for use, new, and having sharp spikes. This has fulfilment in the triumphs of the [[gospel]] of [[Christ]], and of all faithful followers of [[Christ]], over the power of darkness. [[God]] has provided comforts to supply all their wants, and to answer all their [[prayer]]s. Our way to heaven lies through the wilderness of this world. The soul of man is in want, and seeks for satisfaction; but becomes weary of seeking that in the world, which is not to be had in it. Yet they shall have a constant supply, where one would least expect it. I will open rivers of grace, rivers of living water, which [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] spake of the [[Spirit]], John 7:38,39. When [[God]] sets up his [[church]] in the Gentile wilderness, there shall be a great change, as if thorns and briers were turned into cedars, and fir-trees, and myrtles. These blessings are kept for the poor in spirit, who long for [[Divine]] enlightening, [[pardon]] , and [[holiness]]. And [[God]] will render their barren souls fruitful in the [[grace]] of his Spirit, that all who behold may consider it.
Is. 41:21-29 There needs no more to show the folly of [[sin]], than to bring to notice the reasons given in defence of it. There is nothing in [[idols]] worthy of regard. They are less than nothing, and worse than nothing. Let the advocates of other doctrines than that of [[salvation]] through [[Christ]], bring their arguments. Can they tell of a cure for human depravity? [[Jehovah]] has power which cannot be withstood; this he will make appear. But the certain knowledge of the future must be only with [[Jehovah]], who fulfils his own plans. All prophecies, except those of the [[Bible]], have been uncertain. In the work of redemption the [[Lord]] showed himself much more than in the release of the [[Jews]] from Babylon. The good tidings the [[Lord]] will send in the [[gospel]], is a mystery hid from ages and generations. A Deliverer is raised up for us, of nobler name and greater power than the deliverer of the captive [[Jews]]. May we be numbered among his obedient servants and faithful friends.
----
'''Chapter''' 42
The character and coming of [[Christ]]. (Is. 42:1-4) The blessings of his kingdom. (Is. 42:5-12) The prevalence of true [[religion]]. (Is. 42:13-17) Unbelief and blindness reproved. (Is. 42:18-25)
Is. 42:1-4 This prophecy was fulfilled in [[Christ]], Matt. 12:17. Let our souls rely on him, and [[rejoice]] in him; then, for his sake, the Father will be well-pleased with us. The [[Holy Spirit]] not only came, but rested upon him, and without measure. He patiently bore the contradiction of sinners. His kingdom is spiritual; he was not to appear with earthly honours. He is tender of those oppressed with doubts and fears, as a bruised reed; those who are as smoking flax, as the wick of a lamp newly lighted, which is ready to go out again. He will not despise them, nor lay upon them more work or more suffering than they can bear. By a long course of [[miracle]]s and his resurrection, he fully showed the truth of his holy [[religion]]. By the power of his [[gospel]] and [[grace]] he fixes principles in the minds of men, which tend to make them wise and just. The most distant nations wait for his law, wait for his [[gospel]], and shall welcome it. If we would make our calling and election sure, and have the Father delight over us for good, we must behold, hear, believe in, and obey [[Christ]].
Is. 42:5-12 The work of redemption brings back man to the obedience he owes to [[God]] as his Maker. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is the light of the world. And by his [[grace]] he opens the understandings [[Satan]] has blinded, and sets at liberty from the bondage of sin. The [[Lord]] has supported his [[church]]. And now he makes new promises, which shall as certainly be fulfilled as the old ones were. When the [[Gentiles]] are brought into the [[church]], he is glorified in them and by them. Let us give to [[God]] those things which are his, taking heed that we do not serve the creature more than the Creator.
Is. 42:13-17 The [[Lord]] will appear in his power and glory. He shall cry, in the preaching of his word. He shall cry aloud in the [[gospel]] woes, which must be preached with [[gospel]] blessings, to awaken a sleeping world. He shall conquer by the power of his Spirit. And those that contradict and blaspheme his [[gospel]], he shall put to silence and shame; and that which hinders its progress shall be taken out of the way. To those who by nature were blind, [[God]] will show the way to life and happiness by [[Jesus]] [[Christ]]. They are weak in knowledge, but He will make darkness light. They are weak in duty, but their way shall be plain. Those whom [[God]] brings into the right way, he will guide in it. This passage is a prophecy, and is also applicable to every [[believer]]; for the [[Lord]] will never leave nor forsake them.
Is. 42:18-25 Observe the call given to this people, and the character given of them. Multitudes are ruined for want of observing that which they cannot but see; they perish, not through ignorance, but carelessness. The [[Lord]] is well-pleased in the making known his own righteousness. For their sins they were spoiled of all their possessions. This fully came to pass in the destruction of the Jewish nation. There is no resisting, nor escaping [[God]]'s anger. See the mischief [[sin]] makes; it provokes [[God]] to anger. And those not humbled by lesser judgments, must expect greater. Alas! how many professed [[Christians]] are blind as the benighted heathen! While the [[Lord]] is well-pleased in saving sinners through the righteousness of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] he will also glorify his justice, by punishing all proud despisers. Seeing [[God]] has poured out his wrath on his once-favoured people, because of their sins, let us fear, lest a promise being left us of entering into his rest, any of us should be found to come short of it.
----
'''Chapter''' 43
[[God]]'s unchangeable [[love]] for his people. (Is. 43:1-7) Apostates and idolaters addressed. (Is. 43:8-13) The deliverance from Babylon, and the conversion of the [[Gentiles]]. (Is. 43:14-21) Admonition to repent of sin. (Is. 43:22-28)
Is. 43:1-7 [[God]]'s favour and good-will to his people speak abundant comfort to all [[believer]]s. The new creature, wherever it is, is of [[God]]'s forming. All who are redeemed with the blood of his Son, he has set apart for himself. Those that have [[God]] for them need not [[fear]] who or what can be against them. What are [[Egypt]] and Ethiopia, all their lives and treasures, compared with the blood of Christ? True [[believer]]s are precious in [[God]]'s sight, his delight is in them, above any people. Though they went as through fire and water, yet, while they had [[God]] with them, they need [[fear]] no evil; they should be born up, and brought out. The faithful are encouraged. They were to be assembled from every quarter. And with this pleasing object in view, the prophet again dissuades from anxious fears.
Is. 43:8-13 Idolaters are called to appear in defence of their [[idols]]. Those who make them, and [[trust]] in them, are like unto them. They have the shape and faculties of men; but they have not common sense. But [[God]]'s people know the power of his grace, the sweetness of his comforts, the kind care of his providence, and the truth of his promise. All servants of [[God]] can give such an account of what he has wrought in them, and done for them, as may lead others to know and believe his power, truth, and love
Is. 43:14-21 The deliverance from Babylon is foretold, but there is reference to greater events. The redemption of sinners by [[Christ]], the conversion of the [[Gentiles]], and the recall of the [[Jews]], are described. All that is to be done to rescue sinners, and to bring the [[believer]] to glory, is little, compared with that wondrous work of love, the redemption of man.
Is. 43:22-28 Those who neglect to call upon [[God]], are weary of him. The Master tired not the servants with his commands, but they tired him with disobedience. What were the riches of [[God]]'s [[mercy]] toward them? I, even I, am he who yet blotteth out thy transgressions. This encourages us to repent, because there is [[forgiveness]] with [[God]], and shows the freeness of [[Divine]] [[mercy]]. When [[God]] forgives, he forgets. It is not for any thing in us, but for his mercies' sake, his promise' sake; especially for his Son's sake. He is pleased to reckon it his honour. Would man justify himself before [[God]]? The attempt is desperate: our first father broke the covenant, and we all have copied his example. We have no reason to expect [[pardon]] , except we seek it by [[faith]] in Christ; and that is always attended by true repentance, and followed by newness of life, by hatred of [[sin]], and [[love]] to [[God]]. Let us then put him in remembrance of the promises he has made to the penitent, and the satisfaction his Son has made for them. Plead these with him in wrestling for [[pardon]] ; and declare these things, that thou mayest be justified freely by his grace. This is the only way, and it is a sure way to [[peace]].
----
'''Chapter''' 44
Here are promises of the influences of the [[Holy Spirit]]. (Is. 44:1-8) An exposure of the folly of [[idolatry]]. (Is. 44:9-20) Also the deliverance of [[God]]'s people. (Is. 44:21-28)
Is. 44:1-8 [[Israel]] is here called Jeshurun, which means "the upright one." Such only are [[Israelites]] indeed, in whom is no guile. Those that serve [[God]] he will own. He will help them over difficulties, and in their services. Water is the emblem of the [[Holy Spirit]]; as water refreshes, cleanses, and makes the earth fruitful, so do his influences the soul. This gift of the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]] is the great blessing, the plentiful pouring out of which [[God]] kept for the latter days. Where [[God]] gives his Spirit, he will give all other blessings. Hereby shall be a great increase of the [[church]]; thus it shall be spread to distant places. Was there any other Rock, or Protector, that could defend them? None besides could foretell these things to come, of which [[God]] by his prophets gave notice. All was set in order in the [[Divine]] predictions, as well as in the [[Divine]] purposes. Could any other have done so? Who can compare with [[Israel]]'s [[Redeemer]] and King?
Is. 44:9-20 Image-making is described, to expose the folly of idolaters. Though a man had used part of a log for fuel, he fell down before an image made of the remainder, praying it to deliver him. Man greatly dishonours [[God]], when he represents him after the image of man. [[Satan]] blinds the eyes of unbelievers, causing absurd reasonings in matters of [[religion]]. Whether men seek happiness in worldly things, or run into unbelief, superstition, or any false system, they feed on ashes. A [[heart]] deceived by pride, [[love]] of [[sin]], and departure from [[God]], turns men aside from his holy truth and worship. While the affections are depraved, a man holds fast the lie as his best treasure. Are our hearts set upon the wealth of the [[world]] and its pleasures? They will certainly prove a lie. If we [[trust]] to outward professions and doings, as if those would save us, we deceive ourselves. Self-suspicion is the first step towards self-deliverance. He that would deliver his soul, must question his conscience, Is there not a lie in my right hand?
Is. 44:21-28 Return unto me. It is the great concern of those who have backslidden from [[God]], like the [[Jews]] of old, to hasten their return to him. The work of redemption wrought for us by [[Christ]], encourages to [[hope]] for all blessings from him. Our transgressions and our sins are as a thick cloud between heaven and earth: sins separate between us and [[God]]; they threaten a storm of wrath. When [[God]] [[pardon]] s [[sin]], he blots out, he dispels this cloud, this thick cloud, so that the way to heaven is open again. The cloud is scattered by the Sun of righteousness; it is quite gone. The comforts that flow into the soul when [[sin]] is [[pardon]] ed, are like clear shining after clouds and rain. Let not [[Israel]] be discouraged; nothing is too hard for [[God]]: having made all, he can make what use he pleases of any. Those that learn to know [[Christ]], see all knowledge to be foolishness, in comparison with the knowledge of him. And his enemies will find their counsels turned into foolishness, and themselves taken in their craftiness. The exact fulfilling the prophecies of Scripture confirms the truth of the whole, and proves its [[Divine]] origin. The particular favours [[God]] designed for his people in captivity, were foretold here, long before they went into captivity. Very great difficulties would be in the way of their deliverance; but it is promised that by [[Divine]] power they should all be removed. [[God]] knew who should be the Deliverer of his people; and let his [[church]] know it, that when they heard such a name talked of, they might know their redemption drew nigh. It is the greatest honour of the greatest men, to be employed as instruments of the [[Divine]] favour to his people. In things wherein men serve themselves, and look no further, [[God]] makes them do all his pleasure. And a nobler Shepherd than Cyrus does his Father's will, till his work is fully completed.
----
'''Chapter''' 45
The deliverance of the [[Jews]] by Cyrus. (Is. 45:1-4) [[God]] calls for obedience to his almighty power. (Is. 45:5-10) The settlement of his people. (Is. 45:11-19) The conversion of the [[Gentiles]]. (Is. 45:20-25)
Is. 45:1-4 Cyrus is called [[God]]'s anointed; he was designed and qualified for his great service by the counsel of [[God]]. The gates of Babylon which led to the river, were left open the night that Cyrus marched his army into the empty channel. The [[Lord]] went before him, giving entrance to the cities he besieged. He gave him also treasures, which had been hidden in secret places. The true [[God]] was to Cyrus an unknown [[God]]; yet [[God]] foreknew him; he called him by his name. The exact fulfilment of this must have shown Cyrus that [[Jehovah]] was the only true [[God]], and that it was for the sake of [[Israel]] that he was prospered. In all the changes of states and kingdoms, [[God]] works out the good of his [[church]].
Is. 45:5-10 There is no [[God]] beside [[Jehovah]]. There is nothing done without him. He makes [[peace]], put here for all good; and creates evil, not the evil of [[sin]], but the evil of punishment. He is the Author of all that is true, holy, good, or happy; and evil, error, and misery, came into the [[world]] by his permission, through the wilful apostacy of his creatures, but are restrained and overruled to his righteous purpose. This doctrine is applied, for the comfort of those that earnestly longed, yet quietly waited, for the redemption of [[Israel]]. The redemption of sinners by the Son of [[God]], and the pouring out the Spirit, to give success to the [[gospel]], are chiefly here intended. We must not expect [[salvation]] without righteousness; together the [[Lord]] hath created them. Let not oppressors oppose [[God]]'s designs for his people. Let not the poor oppressed murmur, as if [[God]] dealt unkindly with them. Men are but earthen pots; they are broken potsherds, and are very much made so by mutual contentions. To contend with Him is as senseless as for clay to find fault with the potter. Let us turn [[God]]'s promises into [[prayer]]s, beseeching him that [[salvation]] may abound among us, and let us rest assured that the Judge of all the earth will do right.
Is. 45:11-19 Believers may ask in [[prayer]] for what they need; if for their good, it will not be withheld. But how common to hear [[God]] called to account for his dealings with man! Cyrus provided for the returning [[Jews]]. Those redeemed by [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] shall be provided for. The restoration would convince many, and convert some; and all that truly join the [[Lord]], find his service perfect freedom. Though [[God]] be his people's [[God]] and [[Saviour]], yet sometimes he lays them under his frowns; but let them wait upon the [[Lord]] who hides his face. There is a [[world]] without end; and it will be well or ill with us, according as it shall be with us in that world. The [[Lord]] we serve and trust, is [[God]] alone. All that [[God]] has said is plain, satisfactory, and just. As [[God]] in his word calls us to seek him, so he never denied believing [[prayer]]s, nor disappointed believing expectations. He gives [[grace]] sufficient, and comfort and satisfaction of soul.
Is. 45:20-25 The nations are exhorted to draw near to [[Jehovah]]. None besides is able to help; he is the [[Saviour]], who can save without the assistance of any, but without whom none can save. If the [[heart]] is brought into the obedience of [[Christ]], the knee will cheerfully obey his commands. To [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] men shall come from every nation for blessings; all that hate his cause shall be put to shame, and all [[believer]]s shall [[rejoice]] in him as their Friend and Portion. All must come to him: may we now come to him as the [[Lord]] our [[Righteousness]], walking according to his commandments.
----
'''Chapter''' 46
The [[idols]] could not save themselves, but [[God]] saves his people. (Is. 46:1-4) The folly of worshipping [[idols]]. (Is. 46:5-13)
Is. 46:1-4 The heathen insulted the [[Jews]], as if their [[idols]] Bel and Nebo were too hard for [[Jehovah]]. But their worshippers cannot help them; both the [[idols]] and the idolaters are gone into captivity. Let not [[God]]'s people be afraid of either. Those things from which ungodly men expect safety and happiness, will be found unable to save them from [[death]] and hell. The true [[God]] will never fail his worshippers. The history of the life of every [[believer]] is a kind of abstract of the history of [[Israel]]. Our spiritual life is upheld by his grace, as constantly as our natural life by his providence. And [[God]] will never leave them. The Author will be the Finisher of their well-being, when, by decays, they need help as much as in infancy. This promise to [[Israel]], enfeebled and grown old as a nation, is applicable to every aged follower of [[Christ]]. When compassed about with infirmities, and perhaps those around begin to grow weary of you, yet I am He that I have promised to be, He that you would have me to be. I will bear you up; carry you on in your way, and carry you home at last. If we learn to [[trust]] in and [[love]] him, we need not be anxious about our remaining days or years; he will still provide for us and watch over us, both as the creatures of his power, and as new-created by his Spirit.
Is. 46:5-13 Here the folly of those who made [[idols]], and then prayed to them, is exposed. How does the profuseness of idolaters shame the niggardliness of many who call themselves [[God]]'s servants, but are for a [[religion]] which costs them nothing! The service of [[sin]] always costs a great deal. [[God]] puts it to them what senseless, helpless things [[idols]] are. Let, then, the [[Jews]] show themselves men, avoiding such abominations. Many Scripture prophecies, delivered long ago, are not yet fulfilled; but the fulfilling of some is an earnest that the rest will come to pass. Nothing can help more to make us easy, than to be assured that [[God]] will do all his pleasure. Even those who know not and mind not [[God]]'s revealed will, are called and used to fulfil the counsels of his secret will. Heaven and earth shall pass away, sooner than one tittle of the word of [[God]]. Obstinate sinners are addressed. Such were far from acceptance, but they were summoned to hearken to the word of the [[Lord]]. The [[salvation]] of a sinner begins with a humble and contrite heart, that trembles at [[God]]'s word, with godly sorrow working true repentance, and [[faith]] in his [[mercy]], through the obedience unto [[death]] of our [[Divine]] Surety. [[Christ]], as the [[Divine]] righteousness and [[salvation]] to his people, would come in the appointed time. His [[salvation]] abides in his [[church]] for all [[believer]]s.
----
'''Chapter''' 47
[[God]]'s judgments on Babylon. (Is. 47:1-6) Carelessness and confidence shall not prevent the evil. (Is. 47:7-15)
Is. 47:1-6 Babylon is represented under the emblem of a female in deep distress. She was to be degraded and endure sufferings; and is represented sitting on the ground, grinding at the handmill, the lowest and most laborious service. [[God]] was righteous in his vengeance, and none should interpose. The prophet exults in the [[Lord]] of hosts, as the [[Redeemer]] and Holy One of [[Israel]]. [[God]] often permits wicked men to prevail against his people; but those who cruelly oppress them will be punished.
Is. 47:7-15 Let us beware of acting and speaking as Babylon did; of trusting in tyranny and oppression; of boasting as to our abilities, relying on ourselves, and ascribing success to our own prudence and wisdom; lest we partake of her plagues. Those in the height of prosperity, are apt to fancy themselves out of the reach of adversity. It is also common for sinners to think they shall be safe, because they think to be secret in wicked ways. But their security shall be their ruin. Let us draw from such passages as the foregoing, those lessons of humility and [[trust]] in [[God]] which they convey. If we believe the word of [[God]], we may know how it will be with the righteous and the wicked to all eternity. We may learn how to escape the wrath to come, to glorify [[God]], to have [[peace]] through life, [[hope]] in death, and everlasting happiness. Let us then stand aloof from all delusions.
----
'''Chapter''' 48
The [[Jews]] reproved for their [[idolatry]]. (Is. 48:1-8) Yet deliverance is promised them. (Is. 48:9-15) Solemn warnings of judgment upon those who persisted in evil. (Is. 48:16-22)
Is. 48:1-8 The [[Jews]] valued themselves on descent from [[Jacob]], and used the name of [[Jehovah]] as their [[God]]. They prided themselves respecting [[Jerusalem]] and the temple, yet there was no [[holiness]] in their lives. If we are not sincere in [[religion]], we do but take the name of the [[Lord]] in vain. By prophecy they were shown how [[God]] would deal with them, long before it came to pass. [[God]] has said and done enough to prevent men's boasting of themselves, which makes the [[sin]] and ruin of the proud worse; sooner or later every mouth shall be stopped, and all become silent before Him. We are all born [[children]] of disobedience. Where original [[sin]] is, actual [[sin]] will follow. Does not the conscience of every man witness to the truth of Scripture? May the [[Lord]] prove us, and render us doers of the word.
Is. 48:9-15 We have nothing ourselves to plead with [[God]], why he should have [[mercy]] upon us. It is for his praise, to the honour of his [[mercy]], to spare. His bringing men into trouble was to do them good. It was to refine them, but not as silver; not so thoroughly as men refine silver. If [[God]] should take that course, they are all dross, and, as such, might justly be put away. He takes them as refined in part only. Many have been brought home to [[God]] as chosen vessels, and a good work of grace begun in them, in the furnace of affliction. It is comfort to [[God]]'s people, that [[God]] will secure his own honour, therefore work deliverance for them. And if [[God]] delivers his people, he cannot be at a loss for instruments to be employed. [[God]] has formed a plan, in which, for his own sake, and the [[glory]] of his grace, he saves all that come to Him.
Is. 48:16-22 The [[Holy Spirit]] qualifies for service; and those may speak boldly, whom [[God]] and his [[Spirit]] send. This is to be applied to [[Christ]]. He was sent, and he had the [[Spirit]] without measure. Whom [[God]] redeems, he teaches; he teaches to profit by affliction, and then makes them partakers of his [[holiness]]. Also, by his [[grace]] he leads them in the way of duty; and by his providence he leads in the way of deliverance. [[God]] did not afflict them willingly. If their sins had not turned them away, their [[peace]] should have been always flowing and abundant. Spiritual enjoyments are ever joined with [[holiness]] of life and regard to [[God]]'s will. It will make the misery of the disobedient the more painful, to think how happy they might have been. And here is assurance given of [[salvation]] out of captivity. Those whom [[God]] designs to bring home to himself, he will take care of, that they want not for their journey. This is applicable to the [[grace]] laid up for us in [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], from whom all good flows to us, as the water to [[Israel]] out of the rock, for that Rock was [[Christ]]. The spiritual blessings of redemption, and the rescue of the [[church]] from [[Text:EBD:[[Text:EBD:Antichrist|Antichrist]]|antichrist]]ian tyranny, are here pointed to. But whatever changes take place, the [[Lord]] warned impenitent sinners that no good would come to them; that inward anguish and outward trouble, which spring from guilt and from the [[Divine]] wrath, must be their portion for ever.
----
'''Chapter''' 49
The unbelief and rejection of the [[Jews]]. (Is. 49:1-6) Gracious promise to the [[Gentiles]]. (Is. 49:7-12) [[God]]'s [[love]] to the [[church]]. (Is. 49:13-17) Its increase. (Is. 49:18-23) And deliverance. (Is. 49:24-26)
Is. 49:1-6 The great Author of redemption shows the authority for his work. The sword of his word slays the lusts of his people, and all at enmity with them. His sharp arrows wound the conscience; but all these wounds will be healed, when the sinner prays to him for [[mercy]]. But even the [[Redeemer]], who spake as never man spake in his personal ministry, often seemed to labour in vain. And if [[Jacob]] will not be brought back to [[God]], and [[Israel]] will not be gathered, still [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] will be glorious. This promise is in part fulfilled in the calling of the [[Gentiles]]. Men perish in darkness. But [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] enlightens men, and so makes them holy and happy.
Is. 49:7-12 The Father is the [[Lord]], the [[Redeemer]], and Holy One of [[Israel]], as sending the Son to be the [[Redeemer]]. Man, whom he came to save, put contempt upon him. To this he submitted for our [[salvation]]. He is a pledge for all the blessings of the covenant; in him [[God]] was reconciling the [[world]] to himself. Pardoning [[mercy]] is a release from the curse of the law; renewing [[grace]] is a release from the dominion of sin: both are from [[Christ]]. He saith to those in darkness, Show yourselves. Not only see, but be seen, to the [[glory]] of [[God]], and your own comforts. Though there are difficulties in the way to heaven, yet the [[grace]] of [[God]] will carry us over them, and make even the mountains a way. This denotes the free invitations and the encouraging promises of the [[gospel]], and the outpouring of the [[Spirit]].
Is. 49:13-17 Let there be universal joy, for [[God]] will have [[mercy]] upon the afflicted, because of his compassion; upon his afflicted, because of his covenant. We have no more reason to question his promise and grace, than we have to question his providence and justice. Be assured that [[God]] has a tender affection for his [[church]] and people; he would not have them to be discouraged. Some mothers do neglect their children; but [[God]]'s compassions to his people, infinitely exceed those of the tenderest parents toward their children. His setting them as a mark on his hand, or a seal upon his arm, denotes his being ever mindful of them. As far as we have scriptural evidence that we belong to his ransomed flock, we may be sure that he will never forsake us. Let us then give diligence to make our calling and election sure, and [[rejoice]] in the [[hope]] and [[glory]] of [[God]].
Is. 49:18-23 [[Zion]] is addressed as an afflicted widow, bereaved of her children. Numbers flock to her, and she is assured that they come to be a comfort to her. There are times when the [[church]] is desolate and few in number; yet its desolations shall not last for ever, and [[God]] will repair them. [[God]] can raise up friends for returning [[Israelites]], even among [[Gentiles]]. They shall bring their children, and make them thy children. Let all deal tenderly and carefully with young converts and beginners in [[religion]]. Princes shall protect the [[church]]. It shall appear that [[God]] is the sovereign [[Lord]] of all. And those who in the exercise of faith, hope, and patience, wait on [[God]] for the fulfilment of his promises, shall never be confounded.
Is. 49:24-26 We were lawful captives to the justice of [[God]], yet delivered by a price of unspeakable value. Here is an express promise: Even the prey of the terrible shall be delivered. We may here view [[Satan]] deprived of his prey, bound and cast into the pit; and all the powers that have combined to enslave, persecute, or corrupt the [[church]], are destroyed; that all the earth may know that our [[Saviour]] and [[Redeemer]] is [[Jehovah]], the mighty One of [[Jacob]]. And every effort we make to rescue our fellow-sinners from the bondage of [[Satan]], is, in some degree, helping forward that great change.
----
'''Chapter''' 50
The rejection of the [[Jews]]. (Is. 50:1-3) The sufferings and exaltation of the [[Messiah]]. (Is. 50:4-9) Consolation to the [[believer]], and warning to the unbeliever. (Is. 50:10,11)
Is. 50:1-3 Those who have professed to be people of [[God]], and seem to be dealt severely with, are apt to complain, as if [[God]] had been hard with them. Here is an answer for such murmurings; [[God]] never deprived any of their advantages, except for their sins. The [[Jews]] were sent into Babylon for their [[idolatry]], a [[sin]] which broke the covenant; and they were at last rejected for crucifying the [[Lord]] of glory. [[God]] called on them to leave their sins, and prevent their own ruin. Last of all, the Son came to his own, but his own received him not. When [[God]] calls men to happiness, and they will not answer, they are justly left to be miserable. To silence doubts concerning his power, proofs of it are given. The wonders which attended his sufferings and death, proclaimed that he was the Son of [[God]], Matt. 27:54.
Is. 50:4-9 As [[Jesus]] was [[God]] and man in one person, we find him sometimes speaking, or spoken of, as the [[Lord]] [[God]]; at other times, as man and the servant of [[Jehovah]]. He was to declare the truths which comfort the broken, contrite heart, those weary of [[sin]], harassed with afflictions. And as the [[Holy Spirit]] was upon him, that he might speak as never man spake; so the same [[Divine]] influence daily wakened him to pray, to preach the [[gospel]], and to receive and deliver the whole will of the Father. The Father justified the Son when he accepted the satisfaction he made for the [[sin]] of man. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] speaks in the name of all [[believer]]s. Who dares to be an enemy to those unto whom he is a Friend? or who will contend with those whom he is an Advocate? Thus St. [[Paul]] applies it, Rom. 8:33.
Is. 50:10,11 A child of [[God]] is afraid of incurring his displeasure. This [[grace]] usually appears most in [[believer]]s when in darkness, when other graces appear not. Those that truly [[fear]] [[God]], obey the voice of [[Christ]]. A sincere servant of [[God]] may for a long time be without views of eternal happiness. What is likely to be an effectual cure in this sad case? Let him [[trust]] in the name of the [[Lord]]; and let him stay himself upon the promises of the covenant, and build his hopes on them. Let him [[trust]] in [[Christ]], [[trust]] in that name of his, The [[Lord]] our [[Righteousness]]; stay himself upon [[God]] as his [[God]], in and through a Mediator. Presuming sinners are warned not to [[trust]] in themselves. Their own merit and sufficiency are light and heat to them. Creature-comforts are as sparks, short-lived, and soon gone; yet the [[children]] of this world, while they last, seek to warm themselves by them, and walk with pride and pleasure in the light of them. Those that make the [[world]] their comfort, and their own righteousness their confidence, will certainly meet with bitterness in the end. A godly man's way may be dark, but his end shall be [[peace]] and everlasting light. A wicked man's way may be pleasant, but his end and abode for ever will be utter darkness.
----
'''Chapter''' 51
Exhortations to [[trust]] the [[Messiah]]. (Is. 51:1-3) The power of [[God]], and the weakness of man. (Is. 51:4-8) [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] defends his people. (Is. 51:9-16) Their afflictions and deliverances. (Is. 51:17-23)
Is. 51:1-3 It is good for those privileged by the new birth, to consider that they were shapen in sin. This should cause low thoughts of ourselves, and high thoughts of [[Divine]] grace. It is the greatest comfort to be made serviceable to the [[glory]] of [[God]]. The more [[holiness]] men have, and the more good they do, the more gladness they have. Let us seriously reflect upon our guilt. To do so will tend to keep the [[heart]] humble, and the conscience awake and tender. They make Christ more precious to the soul, and give strength to our attempts and [[prayer]]s for others.
Is. 51:4-8 The [[gospel]] of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] shall be preached and published. How shall we escape if we neglect it? There is no [[salvation]] without righteousness. The soul shall, as to this world, vanish like smoke, and the body be thrown by like a worn-out garment. But those whose happiness is in [[Christ]]'s righteousness and [[salvation]], will have the comfort of it when time and days shall be no more. Clouds darken the sun, but do not stop its course. The [[believer]] will enjoy his portion, while revilers of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] are in darkness
Is. 51:9-16 The people whom [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] has redeemed with his blood, as well as by his power, will obtain joyful deliverance from every enemy. He that designs such [[joy]] for us at last, will he not work such deliverance in the mean time, as our cases require? In this [[world]] of changes, it is a short step from [[joy]] to sorrow, but in that world, sorrow shall never come in view. They prayed for the display of [[God]]'s power; he answers them with consolations of his grace. Did we dread to [[sin]] against [[God]], we should not [[fear]] the frowns of men. Happy is the man that fears [[God]] always. And [[Christ]]'s [[church]] shall enjoy security by the power and providence of the Almighty.
Is. 51:17-23 [[God]] calls upon his people to mind the things that belong to their everlasting [[peace]]. [[Jerusalem]] had provoked [[God]], and was made to taste the bitter fruits. Those who should have been her comforters, were their own tormentors. They have no patience by which to keep possesion of their own souls, nor any confidence in [[God]]'s promise, by which to keep possession of its comfort. Thou art drunken, not as formerly, with the intoxicating cup of Babylon's idolatries, but with the cup of affliction. Know, then, the cause of [[God]]'s people may for a time seem as lost, but [[God]] will protect it, by convincing the conscience, or confounding the projects, of those that strive against it. The oppressors required souls to be subjected to them, that every man should believe and [[worship]] as they would have them. But all they could gain by violence was, that people were brought to outward hypocritical conformity, for consciences cannot be forced.
----
'''Chapter''' 52
The welcome news of [[Christ]]'s kingdom. (Is. 52:1-12) The humiliation of the [[Messiah]]. (Is. 52:13-15)
Is. 52:1-12 The [[gospel]] proclaims liberty to those bound with fears. Let those weary and heavy laden under the burden of [[sin]], find relief in [[Christ]], shake themselves from the dust of their doubts and fears, and loose themselves from those bands. The price paid by the [[Redeemer]] for our [[salvation]], was not silver or gold, or corruptible things, but his own precious blood. Considering the freeness of this [[salvation]], and how hurtful to temporal comfort sins are, we shall more value the redemption which is in [[Christ]]. Do we seek victory over every [[sin]], recollecting that the [[glory]] of [[God]] requires [[holiness]] in every follower of Christ? The good news is, that the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] reigns. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] himself brought these tidings first. His ministers proclaim these good tidings: keeping themselves clean from the pollutions of the world, they are beautiful to those to whom they are sent. [[Zion]]'s watchmen could scarcely discern any thing of [[God]]'s favour through the dark cloud of their afflictions; but now the cloud is scattered, they shall plainly see the performance. [[Zion]]'s waste places shall then [[rejoice]]; all the [[world]] will have the benefit. This is applied to our [[salvation]] by [[Christ]]. Babylon is no place for [[Israelites]]. And it is a call to all in the bondage of [[sin]] and [[Satan]], to use the liberty [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] has proclaimed. They were to go with diligent haste, not to lose time nor linger; but they were not to go with distrustful haste. Those in the way of duty, are under [[God]]'s special protection; and he that believes this, will not hasten for fear.
Is. 52:13-15 Here begins that wonderful, minute, and faithful description of the office, character, and [[glory]] of the [[Messiah]], which has struck conviction to many of the most hardened unbelievers. Christ is [[Wisdom]] itself; in the work of our redemption there appeared the wisdom of [[God]] in a mystery. Those that saw him, said, Surely never man looked so miserable: never was sorrow like unto his sorrow. But [[God]] highly exalted him. That shall be discovered by the [[gospel]] of [[Christ]], which could never be told in any other way. And [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] having once shed his blood for sinners, its power still continues. May all opposers see the wisdom of ceasing from their opposition, and be made partakers of the blood of sprinkling, and the baptism of the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]]; obeying him, and praising his [[salvation]].
----
'''Chapter''' 53
The person. (Is. 53:1-3) sufferings. (Is. 53:4-9) humiliation, and exaltation of [[Christ]], are minutely described; with the blessings to mankind from his death. (Is. 53:10-12)
Is. 53:1-3 No where in all the Old Testament is it so plainly and fully prophesied, that [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] ought to suffer, and then to enter into his glory, as in this Chapter. But to this day few discern, or will acknowledge, that [[Divine]] power which goes with the word. The authentic and most important report of [[salvation]] for sinners, through the Son of [[God]], is disregarded. The low condition he submitted to, and his appearance in the world, were not agreeable to the ideas the [[Jews]] had formed of the [[Messiah]]. It was expected that he should come in pomp; instead of that, he grew up as a plant, silently, and insensibly. He had nothing of the [[glory]] which one might have thought to meet with him. His whole life was not only humble as to outward condition, but also sorrowful. Being made [[sin]] for us, he underwent the sentence [[sin]] had exposed us to. Carnal hearts see nothing in the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] to desire an interest in him. Alas! by how many is he still despised in his people, and rejected as to his doctrine and authority!
Is. 53:4-9 In these Verses is an account of the sufferings of Christ; also of the design of his sufferings. It was for our sins, and in our stead, that our [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] suffered. We have all sinned, and have come short of the [[glory]] of [[God]]. Sinners have their beloved [[sin]], their own evil way, of which they are fond. Our sins deserve all griefs and sorrows, even the most severe. We are saved from the ruin, to which by [[sin]] we become liable, by laying our sins on [[Christ]]. This atonement was to be made for our sins. And this is the only way of [[salvation]]. Our sins were the thorns in [[Christ]]'s head, the nails in his hands and feet, the spear in his side. He was delivered to [[death]] for our offences. By his sufferings he purchased for us the [[Spirit]] and [[grace]] of [[God]], to mortify our corruptions, which are the distempers of our souls. We may well endure our lighter sufferings, if He has taught us to esteem all things but loss for him, and to [[love]] him who has first loved us.
Is. 53:10-12 Come, and see how [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] loved us! We could not put him in our stead, but he put himself. Thus he took away the [[sin]] of the world, by taking it on himself. He made himself subject to death, which to us is the wages of sin. Observe the graces and glories of his state of exaltation. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] will not commit the care of his family to any other. [[God]]'s purposes shall take effect. And whatever is undertaken according to [[God]]'s pleasure shall prosper. He shall see it accomplished in the conversion and [[salvation]] of sinners. There are many whom Christ justifies, even as many as he gave his life a ransom for. By [[faith]] we are justified; thus [[God]] is most glorified, free [[grace]] most advanced, self most abased, and our happiness secured. We must know him, and believe in him, as one that bore our sins, and saved us from sinking under the load, by taking it upon himself. Sin and [[Satan]], [[death]] and hell, the [[world]] and the flesh, are the strong foes he has vanquished. What [[God]] designed for the [[Redeemer]] he shall certainly possess. When he led captivity captive, he received gifts for men, that he might give gifts to men. While we survey the sufferings of the Son of [[God]], let us remember our long catalogue of transgressions, and consider him as suffering under the load of our guilt. Here is laid a firm foundation for the trembling sinner to rest his soul upon. We are the purchase of his blood, and the monuments of his grace; for this he continually pleads and prevails, destroying the works of the devil.
----
'''Chapter''' 54
The increase of the [[church]] by the conversion of the [[Jews]] and [[Gentiles]]. (Is. 54:1-5) Its certain deliverance. (Is. 54:6-10) Its triumphant state is described. (Is. 54:11-17)
Is. 54:1-5 Observe the low state of [[religion]] in the world, for a long time before [[Christianity]] was brought in. But by preaching the [[gospel]], multitudes were converted from [[idols]] to the living [[God]]. This is matter of great rejoicing to the [[church]]. The bounds of the [[church]] were extended. Though its state on earth is but mean and movable, like a tent or tabernacle, it is sometimes a growing state, and must be enlarged as the family increases. But the more numerous the [[church]] grows, the more she must fortify herself against errors and corruptions. Thy Maker is thy Husband. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is the Holy One of [[Israel]], the Mediator of the covenant made with the Old Testament [[church]]. Long he had been called the [[God]] of [[Israel]]; but now he shall be called the [[God]] of the whole earth. And he will cleanse from [[sin]], and cause every true [[believer]] to [[rejoice]] in this sacred union. We never can enough admire this [[mercy]], or duly value this privilege.
Is. 54:6-10 As [[God]] is slow to anger, so he is swift to show [[mercy]]. And how sweet the returns of [[mercy]] would be, when [[God]] should come and comfort them! He will have [[mercy]] on them. [[God]]'s gathering his people takes rise from his [[mercy]], not any merit of theirs; and it is with great mercies, with everlasting kindness. The wrath is little, the mercies great; the wrath for a moment, the kindness everlasting. We are neither to despond under afflictions, nor to despair of relief. Mountains have been shaken and removed, but the promises of [[God]] never were broken by any event. Mountains and hills also signify great men. Creature-confidences shall fail; but when our friends fail us, our [[God]] does not. All this is alike applicable to the [[church]] at large, and to each [[believer]]. [[God]] will rebuke and correct his people for sins; but he will not cast them off. Let this encourage us to give the more diligence to make our calling and election sure.
Is. 54:11-17 Let the people of [[God]], when afflicted and tossed, think they hear [[God]] speaking comfortably to them by these words, taking notice of their griefs and fears. The [[church]] is all glorious when full of the knowledge of [[God]]; for none teaches like him. It is a promise of the teaching and gifts of the [[Holy Spirit]]. All that are taught of [[God]] are taught to [[love]] one another. This seems to relate especially to the glorious times to succeed the tribulations of the [[church]]. Holiness, more than any thing, is the beauty of the [[church]]. [[God]] promises protection. There shall be no fears within; there shall be no fightings without. Military men value themselves on their splendid titles, but [[God]] calls them, "Wasters made to destroy," for they make wasting and destruction their business. He created them, therefore he will serve his own designs by them. The day is coming when [[God]] will reckon with wicked men for their hard speeches, Jude 1:15. Security and final victory are the heritage of each faithful servant of the [[Lord]]. The righteousness by which they are justified, and the [[grace]] by which they are sanctified, are the gift of [[God]], and the effect of his special love. Let us beseech him to sanctify our souls, and to employ us in his service.
----
'''Chapter''' 55
An invitation to receive freely the blessings of the [[Saviour]]. (Is. 55:1-5) Gracious offers of [[pardon]] and [[peace]]. (Is. 55:6-13)
Is. 55:1-5 All are welcome to the blessings of [[salvation]], to whom those blessings are welcome. In [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] there is enough for all, and enough for each. Those satisfied with the world, that see no need of [[Christ]], do not thirst. They are in no uneasiness about their souls: but where [[God]] gives grace, he gives a thirst after it; and where he has given a thirst after it, he will give it. Come to [[Christ]], for he is the Fountain opened, he is the Rock smitten. Come to holy ordinances, to the streams that make glad the city of our [[God]]. Come to the healing waters, come to the living waters, Rev. 22:17. Our [[Saviour]] referred to this, John 7:37. Come, and buy; make it your own by application of the [[grace]] of the [[gospel]] to yourselves. Come, and eat; make it still more your own, and enjoy it. The [[world]] comes short of our expectations; we promise ourselves, at least, water in it, and we are disappointed; but [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] outdoes our expectations. We come to him, and we find wine and milk. The gifts offered to us are such as no price can be set upon. The things offered are already paid for; for [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] purchased them at the full price of his own blood, I Pet. 1:19. Our wants are beyond number, and we have nothing to supply them; if [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] and heaven are ours, we see ourselves for ever indebted to free grace. Hearken diligently; let the proud [[heart]] stoop; not only come, but accept [[God]]'s offers. All the wealth and pleasure in the world, will not yield solid comfort and content to the soul. They do not satisfy even the appetites of the body; for all is vanity and vexation. Let the disappointments we meet with in the world, help to drive us to [[Christ]], and to seek for satisfaction in him only. Then, and not before, we shall find rest for our souls. Hear, and your soul shall live. On what easy terms is happiness offered us! By the sure mercies of [[David]], we are to understand the [[Messiah]]. All his mercies are covenant mercies; they are purchased by him, they are promised in him, and out of his hand they are dispensed to us. We know not how to find the way to the waters, but [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is given to be a Leader, a Commander, to show us what to do, and enable us to do it. Our business is to obey him, and follow him. And there is no coming to the Father but by him. He is the Holy One of [[Israel]], true to his promises; and he has promised to glorify [[Christ]], by giving him the heathen for his inheritance.
Is. 55:6-13 Here is a gracious offer of [[pardon]] , and [[peace]], and of all happiness. It shall not be in vain to seek [[God]], now his word is calling to us, and his [[Spirit]] is striving with us. But there is a day coming when he will not be found. There may come such a time in this life; it is certain that at [[death]] and judgment the door will be shut. There must be not only a change of the way, but a change of the mind. We must alter our judgments about persons and things. It is not enough to break off from evil practices, we must strive against evil thoughts. To repent is to return to our [[Lord]], against whom we have rebelled. If we do so, [[God]] will multiply to [[pardon]] , as we have multiplied to offend. But let none trifle with this plenteous [[mercy]], or use it as an occasion to sin. Men's thoughts concerning [[sin]], [[Christ]], and [[holiness]], concerning this [[world]] and the other, vastly differ from [[God]]'s; but in nothing more than in the matter of [[pardon]] . We forgive, and cannot forget; but when [[God]] forgives [[sin]], he remembers it no more. The power of his word in the kingdoms of providence and grace, is as certain as in that of nature. Sacred truth produces a spiritual change in the mind of men, which neither rain nor snow can make on the earth. It shall not return to the [[Lord]] without producing important effects. If we take a special view of the [[church]], we shall find what great things [[God]] has done, and will do for it. The [[Jews]] shall come to their own land; this shall represent the blessings promised. [[Gospel]] [[grace]] will make a great change in men. Delivered from the wrath to come, the converted sinner finds [[peace]] in his conscience; and [[love]] constrains him to devote himself to the service of his [[Redeemer]]. Instead of being profane, contentious, selfish, or sensual, behold him patient, humble, kind, and [[peace]]able. The [[hope]] of helping in such a work should urge us to spread the [[gospel]] of [[salvation]]. And do thou help us, O [[Spirit]] of all truth, to have such views of the fulness, freeness, and greatness of the rich [[mercy]] in [[Christ]], as may remove from us all narrow views of sovereign grace.
----
'''Chapter''' 56
A charge to keep the [[Divine]] precepts. (Is. 56:1,2) Blessings promised. (Is. 56:3-8) Reproof to the careless watchmen, the teachers and rulers of the [[Jews]]. (Is. 56:9-12)
Is. 56:1,2 The [[Lord]] tells us what are his expectations of duty from us. Be honest and just in all dealings. Also strictly observe the sabbath day. To have the blessing of [[God]] upon employments all the week, make conscience of keeping the sabbath holy. Have nothing to do with sin. Blessed is the man that keeps his hand from all things displeasing to [[God]] and hurtful to his own soul. Those who, through the [[Spirit]], wait for the [[hope]] of righteousness by faith, will be found walking in ways of holy obedience.
Is. 56:3-8 Unbelief often suggests things to discourage [[believer]]s, against which [[God]] has expressly guarded. Spiritual blessings are unspeakably better than having sons and daughters; for [[children]] are a care, and may prove a grief and shame, but the blessings we partake of in [[God]]'s house, are comforts which cannot be made bitter. Those who [[love]] the [[Lord]] truly, will serve him faithfully, and then his [[commandments]] are not grievous. Three things are promised. Assistance: I will not only bid them welcome, but incline them to come. Acceptance, and comfort: though they came mourning to the house of [[prayer]], they shall go away rejoicing. They shall find ease by casting their cares and burdens upon [[God]]. Many a sorrowful spirit has been made joyful in the house of [[prayer]]. The [[Gentiles]] shall be one body with the [[Jews]], that, as [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] says, John 10:16, there may be one fold and one Shepherd. Thanks be to [[God]] that none are separated from him except by wilful [[sin]] and unbelief; and if we come to him, we shall be accepted through the sacrifice of our great High Priest.
Is. 56:9-12 Desolating judgments are called for; and this severe rebuke of the rulers and teachers of the Jewish [[church]], is applicable to other ages and places. It is bad with a people when their shepherds slumber, and are eager after the world. Let us pray the Great Shepherd to send us pastors after his own heart, who will feed us with knowledge, that we may [[rejoice]] in his holy name, and that [[believer]]s may be daily added to the [[church]].
----
'''Chapter''' 57
The blessed [[death]] of the righteous. (Is. 57:1,2) The abominable idolatries of the Jewish nation. (Is. 57:3-12) Promises to the humble and contrite. (Is. 57:13-21)
Is. 57:1,2 The righteous are delivered from the sting of death, not from the stroke of it. The careless [[world]] disregards this. Few lament it as a public loss, and very few notice it as a public warning. They are taken away in compassion, that they may not see the evil, nor share in it, nor be tempted by it. The righteous man, when he dies, enters into [[peace]] and rest.
Is. 57:3-12 The [[Lord]] here calls apostates and hypocrites to appear before him. When reproved for their sins, and threatened with judgments, they ridiculed the word of [[God]]. The [[Jews]] were guilty of [[idolatry]] before the captivity; but not after that affliction. Their zeal in the [[worship]] of false gods, may shame our indifference in the [[worship]] of the true [[God]]. The service of [[sin]] is disgraceful slavery; those who thus debase themselves to hell, will justly have their portion there. Men incline to a [[religion]] that inflames their unholy passions. They are led to do any evil, however great or vile, if they think it will atone for crimes, or purchase indulgence for some favourite lust. This explains [[idolatry]], whether pagan, Jewish, or [[Text:EBD:[[Text:EBD:Antichrist|Antichrist]]|antichrist]]ian. But those who set up anything instead of [[God]], for their [[hope]] and confidence, never will come to a right end. Those who forsake the only right way, wander in a thousand by-paths. The pleasures of sin soon tire, but never satisfy. Those who care not for the word of [[God]] and his providences, show they have no [[fear]] of [[God]]. Sin profits not; it ruins and destroys.
Is. 57:13-21 The [[idols]] and their worshippers shall come to nothing; but those who [[trust]] in [[God]]'s grace, shall be brought to the joys of heaven. With the [[Lord]] there is neither beginning of days, nor end of life, nor change of time. His name is holy, and all must know him as a holy [[God]]. He will have tender regard to those who bring their mind to their condition, and dread his wrath. He will make his abode with those whose hearts he has thus humbled, in order to revive and comfort them. When troubles last long, even good men are tempted to entertain hard thoughts of [[God]]. Therefore He will not contend for ever, for he will not forsake the work of his own hands, nor defeat the purchase of his Son's blood. Covetousness is a [[sin]] that particularly lays men under the [[Divine]] displeasure. See the sinfulness of sin. See also that troubles cannot reform men unless [[God]]'s [[grace]] work in them. Peace shall be published, perfect [[peace]]. It is the fruit of preaching lips, and praying lips. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] came and preached [[peace]] to [[Gentiles]], as well as to the [[Jews]]; to after-ages, who were afar off in time, as well as to those of that age. But the wicked would not be healed by [[God]]'s grace, therefore would not be healed by his comforts. Their ungoverned lusts and passions made them like the troubled sea. Also the terrors of conscience disturbed their enjoyments. [[God]] hath said it, and all the [[world]] cannot unsay it, That there is no [[peace]] to those who allow themselves in any sin. If we are recovered from such an awful state, it is only by the [[grace]] of [[God]]. And the influences of the [[Holy Spirit]], and that new heart, from whence comes grateful praise, the fruit of our lips, are his gift. Salvation, with all its fruits, hopes, and comforts, is his work, and to him belongs all the glory. There is no [[peace]] for the wicked man; but let the wicked forsake his way, and the unrighteous man his thoughts; and let him return to the [[Lord]], and he will have [[mercy]] upon him, and to our [[God]], and he will abundantly [[pardon]] .
----
'''Chapter''' 58
Hypocrisy reproved. (Is. 58:1,2) A counterfeit and a true fast, with promises to real [[godliness]], and, (Is. 58:3-12) to the keeping the sabbath. (Is. 58:13,14)
Is. 58:1,2 The [[Holy Spirit]] had hypocrites of every age in view. Self-love and timid [[Christians]] may say, Spare thyself; dislike to the cross and other motives will say, "Spare the rich and powerful;" but [[God]] says, "Spare not:" and we must obey [[God]], not men. We all need earnestly to pray for [[God]]'s assistance in examining ourselves. Men may go far toward heaven, yet come short; and they may go to hell with a good reputation.
Is. 58:3-12 A fast is a day to afflict the soul; if it does not express true sorrow for [[sin]], and does not promote the putting away of [[sin]], it is not a fast. These professors had shown sorrow on stated or occasioned fasts. But they indulged pride, covetousness, and malignant passions. To be liberal and merciful is more acceptable to [[God]] than mere fasting, which, without them, is vain and hypocritical. Many who seem humble in [[God]]'s house, are hard at home, and harass their families. But no man's [[faith]] justifies, which does not work by love. Yet persons, families, neighbourhoods, [[church]]es, or nations, show [[Repentance|repentance]] and sorrow for [[sin]], by keeping a fast sincerely, and, from right motives, repenting, and doing good works. The heavy yoke of sin and oppression must be removed. As [[sin]] and sorrow dry the bones and weaken the strongest human constitution; so the duties of kindness and charity strengthen and refresh both body and mind. Those who do justly and [[love]] [[mercy]], shall have the comfort, even in this world. Good works will bring the blessing of [[God]], provided they are done from [[love]] to [[God]] and man, and wrought in the soul by the [[Holy Spirit]].
Is. 58:13,14 The sabbath is a sign between [[God]] and his professing people; his appointing it is a sign of his favour to them; and their observing it is a sign of their obedience to him. We must turn from travelling on that day; from doing our pleasure on that holy day, without the control and restraint of conscience; or from indulging in the pleasures of sense. On sabbath days we must not follow our callings, or our pleasures. In all we say and do, we must put a difference between this day and other days. Even in Old Testament times the sabbath was called the [[Lord]]'s day, and is fitly called so still; and for a further reason, it is the [[Lord]] [[Christ]]'s day, Rev. 1:10. If we thus remember the sabbath day to keep it holy, we shall have the comfort and profit of it, and have reason to say, It is good to draw near to [[God]].
----
'''Chapter''' 59
Reproofs of [[sin]] and wickedness. (Is. 59:1-8) Confession of [[sin]], and lamentation for the consequences. (Is. 59:9-15) Promises of deliverance. (Is. 59:16-21)
Is. 59:1-8 If our [[prayer]]s are not answered, and the [[salvation]] we wait for is not wrought for us, it is not because [[God]] is weary of hearing [[prayer]], but because we are weary of praying. See here [[sin]] in true colours, exceedingly sinful; and see [[sin]] in its consequences, exceedingly hurtful, separating from [[God]], and so separating us, not only from all good, but to all evil. Yet numbers feed, to their own destruction, on infidel and wicked systems. Nor can their skill or craft, in devising schemes, as the spider weaves its web, deliver or save them. No schemes of self-wrought [[salvation]] shall avail those who despise the [[Redeemer]]'s robe of righteousness. Every man who is destitute of the [[Spirit]] of [[Christ]], runs swiftly to evil of some sort; but those regardless of [[Divine]] truth and justice, are strangers to [[peace]].
Is. 59:9-15 If we shut our eyes against the light of [[Divine]] truth, it is just with [[God]] to hide from our eyes the things that belong to our [[peace]]. The sins of those who profess themselves [[God]]'s people, are worse than the sins of others. And the sins of a nation bring public judgments, when not restrained by public justice. Men may murmur under calamities, but nothing will truly profit while they reject [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] and his [[gospel]].
Is. 59:16-21 This passage is connected with the following Chapters. It is generally thought to describe the coming of the [[Messiah]], as the Avenger and Deliverer of his [[church]]. There was none to intercede with [[God]] to turn away his wrath; none to interpose for the support of justice and truth. Yet He engaged his own strength and righteousness for his people. [[God]] will make his justice upon the enemies of his [[church]] and people plainly appear. When the enemy threatens to bear down all without control, then the [[Spirit]] of the [[Lord]] shall stop him, put him to flight. He that has delivered, will still deliver. A far more glorious [[salvation]] is promised to be wrought out by the [[Messiah]] in the fulness of time, which all the prophets had in view. The Son of [[God]] shall come to us to be our [[Redeemer]]; the [[Spirit]] of [[God]] shall come to be our Sanctifier: thus the Comforter shall abide with the [[church]] for ever, John 14:16. The word of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] will always continue in the mouths of the faithful; and whatever is pretended to be the mind of the Spirit, must be tried by the Scriptures. We must lament the progress of infidelity and impiety. But the cause of the [[Redeemer]] shall gain a complete victory even on earth, and the [[believer]] will be more than conqueror when the [[Lord]] receives him to his [[glory]] in heaven.
----
'''Chapter''' 60
The glories of the [[church]] of [[God]], when the fulness of the [[Gentiles]] shall come in. (Is. 60:1-8) and the [[Jews]] shall be converted and gathered from their dispersions. (Is. 60:9-14) and the kingdoms of this [[world]] shall become the kingdom of our [[Lord]], and of his [[Christ]]. (Is. 60:15-22)
Is. 60:1-8 As far as we have the knowledge of [[God]] in us, and the favour of [[God]] towards us, our light is come. And if [[God]]'s [[glory]] is seen upon us to our honour, we ought, not only with our lips, but in our lives, to return its praise. We meet with nothing in the history of the [[Jews]] which can be deemed a fulfilment of the prophecy in this Chapter; we must conclude it relates principally to future events. It predicts the purity and enlargement of the [[church]]. The conversion of souls is here described. They fly to [[Christ]], to the [[church]], to the word and ordinances, as doves to their own home; thither they fly for refuge and shelter, thither they fly for rest. What a pleasant sight to see poor souls hastening to Christ!
Is. 60:9-14 [[God]] will be very gracious. We must begin with his promise, thence all mercies take rise. Many shall be brought into the [[church]], even from far countries. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is always ready to receive all who come to him; and the gate of [[mercy]] is always open, night and day. All that are about the [[church]] shall be made serviceable to it. But those who will not be subject to [[Christ]]'s golden sceptre, to his word and Spirit, who will not be kept in by the laws and rules of his family, shall be broken in pieces by his iron rod. The peculiar advantages of every nation, and of every description of men, shall join to beautify the [[church]] of [[Christ]]. We must suppose this to be accomplished in the beauties of [[holiness]], and the graces and comforts of the [[Spirit]], with which [[gospel]] ordinances are adorned and enriched. Blessed be his name, the gates of [[Zion]] are ever open to returning sinners.
Is. 60:15-22 We must look for the full accomplishment in times and things, exceeding those of the Old Testament [[church]]. The nations and their kings shall lay themselves out for the good of the [[church]]. Such a [[salvation]], such a redemption, shall be wrought out for thee, as discovers itself to be the work of the [[Lord]]. Every thing shall be changed for the better. In thy land shall no more be heard threats of those that do violence, nor complaints of those that suffer violence. Thy walls shall be means of safety, thy gates shall be written upon with praises to [[God]]. In the close of this Chapter are images and expressions used in the description of the New [[Jerusalem]], Rev. 21:23; 22:5. Nothing can answer to this but some future glorious state of the [[church]] on earth, or the state of the [[church]] triumphant in heaven. Those that make [[God]] their only light, shall have him their all-sufficient light. And the happiness shall know no change or alloy. No people on earth are all righteous; but there are no mixtures in heaven. They shall be wholly righteous. The spirits of just men shall there be made perfect. The [[glory]] of the [[church]] shall be to the honour of [[God]]. When it shall be finished, it will appear a work of wonder. It may seem too difficult to be brought about, but the [[God]] of almighty power has undertaken it. It may seem to be delayed and put off; but the [[Lord]] will hasten it in the time appointed by his wisdom, though not in the time prescribed by our folly. Let this [[hope]] cheer us under all difficulties, and stir us up to all diligence, that we may have an abundant entrance into this everlasting kingdom of our [[Lord]] and [[Saviour]] [[Jesus]] [[Christ]].
----
'''Chapter''' 61
The [[Messiah]], his character and office. (Is. 61:1-3) His promises of the future blessedness of the [[church]]. (Is. 61:4-9) The [[church]] praises [[God]] for these mercies. (Is. 61:10,11)
Is. 61:1-3 The prophets had the [[Holy Spirit]] of [[God]] at times, teaching them what to say, and causing them to say it; but [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] had the [[Spirit]] always, without measure, to qualify him, as man, for the work to which he was appointed. The poor are commonly best disposed to receive the [[gospel]], James 2:5; and it is only likely to profit us when received with meekness. To such as are poor in spirit, [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] preached good tidings when he said, Blessed are the meek. [[Christ]]'s satisfaction is accepted. By the dominion of [[sin]] in us, we are bound under the power of [[Satan]]; but the Son is ready, by his Spirit, to make us free; and then we shall be free indeed. Sin and [[Satan]] were to be destroyed; and Christ triumphed over them on his cross. But the [[children]] of men, who stand out against these offers, shall be dealt with as enemies. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] was to be a Comforter, and so he is; he is sent to comfort all who mourn, and who seek to him, and not to the world, for comfort. He will do all this for his people, that they may abound in the fruits of righteousness, as the branches of [[God]]'s planting. Neither the [[mercy]] of [[God]], the atonement of [[Christ]], nor the [[gospel]] of grace, profit the self-sufficient and proud. They must be humbled, and led to know their own character and wants, by the [[Holy Spirit]], that they may see and feel their need of the sinner's Friend and [[Saviour]]. His doctrine contains glad tidings indeed to those who are humbled before [[God]].
Is. 61:4-9 Promises are here made to the [[Jews]] returned out of captivity, which extend to all those who, through grace, are delivered out of spiritual thraldom. An unholy soul is like a city that is broken down, and has no walls, like a house in ruins; but by the power of [[Christ]]'s [[gospel]] and grace, it is fitted to be a habitation of [[God]], through the [[Spirit]]. When, by the [[grace]] of [[God]], we attain to holy indifference as to the affairs of this world; when, though our hands are employed about them, our hearts are not entangled with them, but preserved entire for [[God]] and his service, then the sons of the alien are our ploughmen and vine-dressers. Those whom He sets at liberty, he sets to work. His service is perfect freedom; it is the greatest honour. All [[believer]]s are made, to our [[God]], kings and priests; and always ought to conduct themselves as such. Those who have the [[Lord]] for their portion, have reason to say, that they have worthy portion, and to [[rejoice]] in it. In the fulness of heaven's joys we shall receive more than double for all our services and sufferings. [[God]] desires truth, and therefore hates all injustice. Nor will it justify any man's robbery to say, it was for burnt-offerings; and that robbery is most hateful which is under this pretence. Let the [[children]] of godly parents be such, that all may see the fruits of a good education; an answer to the [[prayer]]s for them, in the fruit of [[God]]'s blessing.
Is. 61:10,11 Those only shall be clothed with the garments of [[salvation]] hereafter, that are covered with the robe of [[Christ]]'s righteousness now, and by the sanctification of the [[Spirit]] have [[God]]'s image renewed upon them. These blessings shall spring forth for ages to come, as the fruits of the earth. So duly, so constantly, and with such advantage to mankind, will the [[Lord]] [[God]] cause righteousness and praise to spring forth. They shall spread far; the great [[salvation]] shall be published and proclaimed, to the ends of the earth. Let us be earnest in [[prayer]], that the [[Lord]] [[God]] may cause that righteousness to spring forth among us, which constitutes the excellence and [[glory]] of the [[Christian]] profession.
----
'''Chapter''' 62
[[God]]'s care of his [[church]] and people. (Is. 62:1-5) The office of ministers in preaching the [[gospel]]. (Is. 62:6-9) Every hinderance shall be removed from the way of [[salvation]]. (Is. 62:10-12)
Is. 62:1-5 The Son of [[God]] here assures his [[church]] of his unfailing love, and his pleading for her under all trails and difficulties. She shall be called by a new name, a pleasant name, such as she was never called by before. The state of true [[religion]] in the world, before the preaching of the [[gospel]], no man seemed to have any real concern for. [[God]], by his grace, has wrought that in his [[church]], which makes her his delight. Let us thence learn motives to [[holiness]]. If the [[Lord]] [[rejoice]]s over us, we should [[rejoice]] in his service.
Is. 62:6-9 [[God]]'s professing people must be a praying people. He is not displeased with us for being earnest, as men commonly are; he bids us to cry after him, and give him no rest, [[Luke]] 11:5,6. It is a sign that [[God]] is coming to a people in [[mercy]], when he pours out a spirit of [[prayer]] upon them. See how uncertain our creature-comforts are. See also [[God]]'s [[mercy]] in giving plenty, and [[peace]] to enjoy it. Let us delight in attending the courts of the [[Lord]], that we may enjoy the consolations of his Spirit.
Is. 62:10-12 Way shall be made for [[Christ]]'s [[salvation]]; all difficulties shall be removed. He brings a reward of comfort and [[peace]] with him; but a work of humiliation and reformation before him; and they shall be called, The holy people, and, The redeemed of the [[Lord]]. Holiness puts honour and beauty upon any place or person, makes them admired, beloved, and sought after. Many events may have been part fulfilments of this, as earnests of more glorious times yet to come. The close connexion between the blessedness of the [[Jews]] and of the [[Gentiles]], runs through the Scriptures. The [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] will complete his work, and he never will forsake one whom he has redeemed and sanctified.
----
'''Chapter''' 63
[[Christ]]'s victory over his enemies. (Is. 63:1-6) His [[mercy]] toward his [[church]]. (Is. 63:7-14) The [[prayer]] of the [[church]]. (Is. 63:15-19)
Is. 63:1-6 The prophet, in vision, beholds the [[Messiah]] returning in triumph from the conquest of his enemies, of whom Edom was a type. Travelling, not as wearied by the combat, but, in the greatness of his strength, prepared to overcome every opposing power. [[Messiah]] declares that he had been treading the wine-press of the wrath of [[God]], Rev. 14:19; 19:13, and by his own power, without any human help, he had crushed his obstinate opposers, for the day of vengeance was determined on, being the appointed season for rescuing his [[church]]. Once, he appeared on earth in apparent weakness, to pour out his precious blood as an atonement for our sins; but he will in due time appear in the greatness of his strength. The vintage ripens apace; the day of vengeance, fixed and determined on, approaches apace; let sinners seek to be reconciled to their righteous Judge, ere he brings down their strength to the earth. Does [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] say, "I come quickly?" let our hearts reply, "Even so, come; let the year of the redeemed come."
Is. 63:7-14 The latter part of this Chapter, and the whole of the next, seem to express the [[prayer]]s of the [[Jews]] on their conversation. They acknowledge [[God]]'s great mercies and favours to their nation. They confess their wickedness and hardness of heart; they entreat his forgiveness, and deplore the miserable condition under which they have so long suffered. The only-begotten Son of the Father became the [[Angel]] or Messenger of his love; thus he redeemed and bare them with tenderness. Yet they murmured, and resisted his [[Holy Spirit]], despising and persecuting his prophets, rejecting and crucifying the promised [[Messiah]]. All our comforts and hopes spring from the loving-kindness of the [[Lord]], and all our miseries and fears from our sins. But he is the [[Saviour]], and when sinners seek after him, who in other ages glorified himself by saving and feeding his purchased flock, and leading them safely through dangers, and has given his [[Holy Spirit]] to prosper the labours of his ministers, there is good ground to [[hope]] they are discovering the way of [[peace]].
Is. 63:15-19 They beseech him to look down on the abject condition of their once-favoured nation. Would it not be glorious to his name to remove the veil from their hearts, to return to the tribes of his inheritance? The Babylonish captivity, and the after-deliverance of the [[Jews]], were shadows of the events here foretold. The [[Lord]] looks down upon us in tenderness and [[mercy]]. Spiritual judgments are more to be dreaded than any other calamities; and we should most carefully avoid those sins which justly provoke the [[Lord]] to leave men to themselves and to their deceiver. "Our [[Redeemer]] from everlasting" is thy name; thy people have always looked upon thee as the [[God]] to whom they might appeal. The [[Lord]] will hear the [[prayer]]s of those who belong to him, and deliver them from those not called by his name.
----
'''Chapter''' 64
The [[church]] prays that [[God]]'s power may be manifested. (Is. 64:1-5) A confession of [[sin]], and afflictions bewailed. (Is. 64:6-12)
Is. 64:1-5 They desire that [[God]] would manifest himself to them and for them, so that all may see it. This is applicable to the second coming of [[Christ]], when the [[Lord]] himself shall descend from heaven. They plead what [[God]] had used to do, and had declared his gracious purpose to do, for his people. They need not [[fear]] being disappointed of it, for it is sure; or disappointed in it, for it is sufficient. The happiness of his people is bound up in what [[God]] has designed for them, and is preparing for them, and preparing them for; what he has done or will do. Can we believe this, and then think any thing too great to expect from his truth, power, and love? It is spiritual and cannot be comprehended by human understanding. It is ever ready. See what communion there is between a gracious [[God]] and a gracious soul. We must make conscience of doing our duty in every thing the [[Lord]] our [[God]] requires. Thou meetest him; this speaks his freeness and forwardness in doing them good. Though [[God]] has been angry with us for our sins, and justly, yet his [[anger]] has soon ended; but in his favour is life, which goes on and continues, and on that we depend for our [[salvation]].
Is. 64:6-12 The people of [[God]], in affliction, confess and bewail their sins, owning themselves unworthy of his [[mercy]]. Sin is that abominable thing which the [[Lord]] hates. Our deeds, whatever they may seem to be, if we think to merit by them at [[God]]'s hand, are as rags, and will not cover us; filthy rags, and will but defile us. Even our few good works in which there is real excellence, as fruits of the [[Spirit]], are so defective and defiled as done by us, that they need to be washed in the fountain open for [[sin]] and uncleanness. It bodes ill when [[prayer]] is kept back. To pray, is by [[faith]] to take hold of the promises the [[Lord]] has made of his good-will to us, and to plead them; to take hold of him, earnestly begging him not to leave us; or soliciting his return. They brought their troubles upon themselves by their own folly. Sinners are blasted, and then carried away, by the wind of their own iniquity; it withers and then ruins them. When they made themselves as an unclean thing, no wonder that [[God]] loathed them. Foolish and careless as we are, poor and despised, yet still Thou art our Father. It is the wrath of a Father we are under, who will be reconciled; and the relief our case requires is expected only from him. They refer themselves to [[God]]. They do not say, "[[Lord]], rebuke us not," for that may be necessary; but, "Not in thy displeasure." They state their lamentable condition. See what ruin [[sin]] brings upon a people; and an outward profession of [[holiness]] will be no defence against it. [[God]]'s people presume not to tell him what he shall say, but their [[prayer]] is, Speak for the comfort and relief of thy people. How few call upon the [[Lord]] with their whole hearts, or stir themselves to lay hold upon him! [[God]] may delay for a time to answer our [[prayer]]s, but he will, in the end, answer those who call on his name and [[hope]] in his [[mercy]].
----
'''Chapter''' 65
The calling of the [[Gentiles]], and the rejection of the [[Jews]]. (Is. 65:1-7) The [[Lord]] would preserve a remnant. (Is. 65:8-10) Judgments upon the wicked. (Is. 65:11-16) The future happy and flourishing state of the [[church]]. (Is. 65:17-25)
Is. 65:1-7 The [[Gentiles]] came to seek [[God]], and find him, because they were first sought and found of him. Often he meets some thoughtless trifler or profligate opposer, and says to him, Behold me; and a speedy change takes place. All the [[gospel]] day, [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] waited to be gracious. The [[Jews]] were bidden, but would not come. It is not without cause they are rejected of [[God]]. They would do what most pleased them. They grieved, they vexed the [[Holy Spirit]]. They forsook [[God]]'s temple, and sacrificed in groves. They cared not for the distinction between clean and unclean meats, before it was taken away by the [[gospel]]. Perhaps this is put for all forbidden pleasures, and all that is thought to be gotten by [[sin]], that abominable thing which the [[Lord]] hates. Christ denounced many woes against the pride and hypocrisy of the [[Jews]]. The proof against them is plain. And let us watch against pride and self-preference, remembering that every [[sin]], and the most secret thoughts of man's heart, are known and will be judged by [[God]].
Is. 65:8-10 In the bunch of unripe grapes, at present of no value, the new wine is contained. The [[Jews]] have been kept a distinct people, that all may witness the fulfilment of ancient prophecies and promises. [[God]]'s chosen, the spiritual seed of praying [[Jacob]], shall inherit his mountains of bliss and joy, and be carried safe to them through the vale of tears. All things are for the display of [[God]]'s [[glory]] in the redemption of sinners.
Is. 65:11-16 Here the different states of the godly and wicked, of the [[Jews]] who believed, and of those who persisted in unbelief, are set against one another. They prepared a table for that troop of deities which the heathen worship, and poured out drink-offerings to that countless number. Their worshippers spared no cost to honour them, which should shame the worshippers of the true [[God]]. See the malignity of sin; it is doing by choice what we know will displease [[God]]. In every age and nation, the [[Lord]] leaves those who persist in doing evil, and despise the call of the [[gospel]]. [[God]]'s servants shall have the bread of life, and shall want nothing good for them. But those who forsake the [[Lord]], shall be ashamed of vain confidence in their own righteousness, and the hopes they built thereon. Wordly people bless themselves in the abundance of this world's goods; but [[God]]'s servants bless themselves in him. He is their strength and portion. They shall honour him as the [[God]] of truth. And it was promised that in him should all the families of the earth be blessed. They shall think themselves happy in having him for their [[God]], who made them forget their troubles.
Is. 65:17-25 In the [[grace]] and comfort [[believer]]s have in and from [[Christ]], we are to look for this new heaven and new earth. The former confusions, sins and miseries of the human race, shall be no more remembered or renewed. The approaching happy state of the [[church]] is described under a variety of images. He shall be thought to die in his youth, and for his sins, who only lives to the age of a hundred years. The event alone can determine what is meant; but it is plain that [[Christianity]], if universal, would so do away violence and evil, as greatly to lengthen life. In those happy days, all [[God]]'s people shall enjoy the fruit of their labours. Nor will [[children]] then be the trouble of their parents, or suffer trouble themselves. The evil dispositions of sinners shall be completely moritified; all shall live in harmony. Thus the [[church]] on earth shall be full of happiness, like heaven. This prophecy assures the servants of [[Christ]], that the time approaches, wherein they shall be blessed with the undisturbed enjoyment of all that is needful for their happiness. As workers together with [[God]], let us attend his ordinances, and obey his commands.
----
'''Chapter''' 66
[[God]] looks at the heart, and vengeance is threatened for guilt. (Is. 66:1-4) The increase of the [[church]], when Jew and Gentile shall be gathered to the [[Redeemer]]. (Is. 66:5-14) Every enemy of the [[church]] shall be destroyed, and the final ruin of ungodly men shall be seen. (Is. 66:15-24)
Is. 66:1-4 The [[Jews]] gloried much in their temple. But what satisfaction can the Eternal Mind take in a house made with men's hands? [[God]] has a heaven and an earth of his own making, and temples of man's making; but he overlooks them, that he may look with favour to him who is poor in spirit and serious, self-abasing and self-denying; whose [[heart]] truly sorrows for sin: such a [[heart]] is a living [[temple]] for [[God]]. The sacrifice of the wicked is not only unacceptable, but a great offence to [[God]]. And he that now offers a sacrifice after the law, does in effect set aside [[Christ]]'s sacrifice. He that burns incense, puts contempt upon the incense of [[Christ]]'s intercession, and is as if he blessed an idol. Men shall be deceived by the vain confidences with which they deceive themselves. Unbelieving hearts, and unpurified consciences, need no more to make them miserable, than to have their own fears brought upon them. Whatever men put in the place of the priesthood, atonement, and intercession of [[Christ]], will be found hateful to [[God]].
Is. 66:5-14 The prophet turns to those that trembled at [[God]]'s word, to comfort and encourage them. The [[Lord]] will appear, to the [[joy]] of the humble [[believer]], and to the confusion of hypocrites and persecutors. When the [[Spirit]] was poured out, and the [[gospel]] went forth from [[Zion]], multitudes were converted in a little time. The word of [[God]], especially his promises, and ordinances, are the consolations of the [[church]]. The true happiness of all [[Christians]] is increased by every convert brought to [[Christ]]. The [[gospel]] brings with it, wherever it is received in its power, such a river of [[peace]], as will carry us to the ocean of boundless and endless bliss. [[Divine]] comforts reach the inward man; the [[joy]] of the [[Lord]] will be the strength of the [[believer]]. Both [[God]]'s [[mercy]] and justice shall be manifested, and for ever magnified.
Is. 66:15-24 A prophetic declaration is given of the [[Lord]]'s vengeance on all enemies of his [[church]], especially that of all [[Text:EBD:[[Text:EBD:Antichrist|Antichrist]]|antichrist]]ian opposers of the [[gospel]] in the latter days. Is. 66:19,20, set forth the abundance of means for conversion of sinners. These expressions are figurative, and express the plentiful and gracious helps for bringing [[God]]'s elect home to [[Christ]]. All shall be welcome; and nothing shall be wanting for their assistance and encouragement. A [[gospel]] ministry shall be set up in the [[church]]; they would have solemn [[worship]] before the [[Lord]]. In the last Verse the nature of the punishment of sinners in the [[world]] to come is represented. Then shall the righteous and wicked be separated. Our [[Saviour]] applies this to the everlasting misery and torment of impenitent sinners in the future state. To the honour of that free [[grace]] which thus distinguishes them, let the redeemed of the [[Lord]], with humility, and not without holy trembling, sing triumphant songs. With this affecting representation of the opposite states of the righteous and wicked, characters which include the whole human race, [[Isaiah]] concludes his prophecies. May [[God]] grant, for [[Christ]]'s sake, that our portion may be with those who [[fear]] and [[love]] his name, who cleave to his truths, and persevere in every good work, looking to receive from the [[Lord]] [[Jesus Christ|Jesus Christ]] the gracious invitation, Come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world.
{{mhc bottom}}
topic_name = Matthew Henry Concise Bible Commentary : Isaiah |
subtopics = The Prophet [[Isaiah]] |
opinion_pieces = {{short_opinions}}
* [[Text:EBD:Isaiah, The Book of|Easton's Bible Dictionary entry on Isaiah]] |
}}
Read the book of [[Isaiah]] from the [[Holy Bible|Bible]]
{{chapters}}
[[Isaiah 1|1]]
[[Isaiah 2|2]]
[[Isaiah 3|3]]
[[Isaiah 4|4]]
[[Isaiah 5|5]]
[[Isaiah 6|6]]
[[Isaiah 7|7]]
[[Isaiah 8|8]]
[[Isaiah 9|9]]
[[Isaiah 10|10]]
[[Isaiah 11|11]]
[[Isaiah 12|12]]
[[Isaiah 13|13]]
[[Isaiah 14|14]]
[[Isaiah 15|15]]
[[Isaiah 16|16]]
[[Isaiah 17|17]]
[[Isaiah 18|18]]
[[Isaiah 19|19]]
[[Isaiah 20|20]]
[[Isaiah 21|21]]
[[Isaiah 22|22]]
[[Isaiah 23|23]]
[[Isaiah 24|24]]
[[Isaiah 25|25]]
[[Isaiah 26|26]]
[[Isaiah 27|27]]
[[Isaiah 28|28]]
[[Isaiah 29|29]]
[[Isaiah 30|30]]
[[Isaiah 31|31]]
[[Isaiah 32|32]]
[[Isaiah 33|33]]
[[Isaiah 34|34]]
[[Isaiah 35|35]]
[[Isaiah 36|36]]
[[Isaiah 37|37]]
[[Isaiah 38|38]]
[[Isaiah 39|39]]
[[Isaiah 40|40]]
[[Isaiah 41|41]]
[[Isaiah 42|42]]
[[Isaiah 43|43]]
[[Isaiah 44|44]]
[[Isaiah 45|45]]
[[Isaiah 46|46]]
[[Isaiah 47|47]]
[[Isaiah 48|48]]
[[Isaiah 49|49]]
[[Isaiah 50|50]]
[[Isaiah 51|51]]
[[Isaiah 52|52]]
[[Isaiah 53|53]]
[[Isaiah 54|54]]
[[Isaiah 55|55]]
[[Isaiah 56|56]]
[[Isaiah 57|57]]
[[Isaiah 58|58]]
[[Isaiah 59|59]]
[[Isaiah 60|60]]
[[Isaiah 61|61]]
[[Isaiah 62|62]]
[[Isaiah 63|63]]
[[Isaiah 64|64]]
[[Isaiah 66|66]]
[[Isaiah 66|66]]
==Commentary==
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 1|1]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 2|2]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 3|3]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 4|4]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 5|5]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 6|6]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 7|7]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 8|8]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 9|9]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 10|10]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 11|11]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 12|12]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 13|13]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 14|14]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 15|15]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 16|16]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 17|17]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 18|18]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 19|19]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 20|20]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 21|21]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 22|22]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 23|23]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 24|24]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 25|25]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 26|26]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 27|27]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 28|28]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 29|29]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 30|30]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 31|31]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 32|32]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 33|33]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 34|34]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 35|35]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 36|36]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 37|37]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 38|38]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 39|39]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 40|40]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 41|41]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 42|42]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 43|43]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 44|44]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 45|45]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 46|46]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 47|47]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 48|48]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 49|49]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 50|50]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 51|51]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 52|52]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 53|53]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 54|54]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 55|55]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 56|56]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 57|57]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 58|58]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 59|59]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 60|60]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 61|61]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 62|62]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 63|63]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 64|64]]
[[Text:MHC Concise Isaiah 66|66]]
{{mhc import}}
'''Commentary on the book of [[Isaiah]]'''
[[Isaiah]] prophesied in the reigns of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah. He has been well called the evangelical prophet, on account of his numerous and full prophesies concerning the coming and character, the ministry and preaching, the sufferings and [[death]] of the [[Messiah]], and the extent and continuance of his kingdom. Under the veil of the deliverance from Babylon, [[Isaiah]] points to a much greater deliverance, which was to be effected by the [[Messiah]]; and seldom does he mention the one, without alluding at the same time to the other; nay, he is often so much enraptured with the prospect of the more distant deliverance, as to lose sight of that which was nearer, and to dwell on the [[Messiah]]'s person, office, character, and kingdom.
----
'''Chapter''' 1
The corruptions prevailing among the [[Jews]]. (Is. 1:1-9) Severe censures. (Is. 1:10-15) Exhortations to repentance. (Is. 1:16-20) The state of [[Judah]] is lamented; with gracious promises of the [[gospel]] times. (Is. 1:21-31)
Is. 1:1-9 [[Isaiah]] signifies, "The [[salvation]] of the [[Lord]];" a very suitable name for this prophet, who prophesies so much of [[Jesus]] the [[Saviour]], and his [[salvation]]. [[God]]'s professing people did not know or consider that they owed their lives and comforts to [[God]]'s fatherly care and kindness. How many are very careless in the affairs of their souls! Not considering what we do know in [[religion]], does us as much harm, as ignorance of what we should know. The wickedness was universal. Here is a comparison taken from a sick and diseased body. The distemper threatens to be mortal. From the sole of the foot even to the head; from the meanest peasant to the greatest peer, there is no soundness, no good principle, no [[religion]], for that is the health of the soul. Nothing but guilt and corruption; the sad effects of [[Adam]]'s fall. This passage declares the total depravity of human nature. While [[sin]] remains unrepented, nothing is done toward [[healing]] these wounds, and preventing fatal effects. [[Jerusalem]] was exposed and unprotected, like the huts or sheds built up to guard ripening fruits. These are still to be seen in the East, where fruits form a large part of the summer food of the people. But the [[Lord]] had a small remnant of pious servants at [[Jerusalem]]. It is of the [[Lord]]'s mercies that we are not consumed. The evil nature is in every one of us; only [[Jesus]] and his sanctifying [[Spirit]] can restore us to spiritual health.
Is. 1:10-15 Judea was desolate, and their cities burned. This awakened them to bring sacrifices and offerings, as if they would bribe [[God]] to remove the punishment, and give them leave to go on in their sin. Many who will readily part with their sacrifices, will not be persuaded to part with their sins. They relied on the mere form as a service deserving a reward. The most costly devotions of wicked people, without thorough reformation of [[heart]] and life, cannot be acceptable to [[God]]. He not only did not accept them, but he abhorred them. All this shows that [[sin]] is very hateful to [[God]]. If we allow ourselves in secret [[sin]], or forbidden indulgences; if we reject the [[salvation]] of [[Christ]], our very [[prayer]]s will become abomination.
Is. 1:16-20 Not only feel sorrow for the [[sin]] committed, but break off the practice. We must be doing, not stand idle. We must be doing the good the [[Lord]] our [[God]] requires. It is plain that the sacrifices of the law could not atone, even for outward national crimes. But, blessed be [[God]], there is a Fountain opened, in which sinners of every age and rank may be cleansed. Though our sins have been as scarlet and crimson, a deep dye, a double dye, first in the wool of original corruption, and afterwards in the many threads of actual transgression; though we have often dipped into [[sin]], by many backslidings; yet [[pardon]] ing [[mercy]] will take out the stain, Ps. 51:7. They should have all the happiness and comfort they could desire. Life and death, good and evil, are set before us. O [[Lord]], incline all of us to live to thy glory.
Is. 1:21-31 Neither holy cities nor royal ones are faithful to their trust, if [[religion]] does not dwell in them. Dross may shine like silver, and the wine that is mixed with water may still have the colour of wine. Those have a great deal to answer for, who do not help the oppressed, but oppress them. Men may do much by outward restraints; but only [[God]] works effectually by the influences of his Spirit, as a Spirit of Judgment. Sin is the worst captivity, the worst slavery. The redemption of the spiritual [[Zion]], by the righteousness and [[death]] of [[Christ]], and by his powerful grace, most fully accord with what is here meant. Utter ruin is threatened. The [[Jews]] should become as a tree when blasted by heat; as a garden without water, which in those hot countries would soon be burned up. Thus shall they be that [[trust]] in [[idols]], or in an arm of flesh. Even the strong man shall be as tow; not only soon broken, and pulled to pieces, but easily catching fire. When the sinner has made himself as tow and stubble, and [[God]] makes himself as a consuming fire, what can prevent the utter ruin of the sinner?
----
'''Chapter''' 2
The conversion of the [[Gentiles]], Description of the sinfulness of [[Israel]]. (Is. 2:1-9) The awful punishment of unbelievers. (Is. 2:10-22)
Is. 2:1-9 The calling of the [[Gentiles]], the spread of the [[gospel]], and that far more extensive preaching of it yet to come, are foretold. Let [[Christians]] strengthen one another, and support one another. It is [[God]] who teaches his people, by his word and Spirit. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] promotes [[peace]], as well as [[holiness]]. If all men were real [[Christians]], there could be no war; but nothing answering to these expressions has yet taken place on the earth. Whatever others do, let us walk in the light of this [[peace]]. Let us remember that when true [[religion]] flourishes, men delight in going up to the house of the [[Lord]], and in urging others to accompany them. Those are in danger who please themselves with strangers to [[God]]; for we soon learn to follow the ways of persons whose company we keep. It is not having silver and gold, horses and chariots, that displeases [[God]], but depending upon them, as if we could not be safe, and easy, and happy without them, and could not but be so with them. Sin is a disgrace to the poorest and the lowest. And though lands called [[Christian]] are not full of [[idols]], in the literal sense, are they not full of idolized riches? and are not men so busy about their gains and indulgences, that the [[Lord]], his truths, and precepts, are forgotten or despised?
Is. 2:10-22 The taking of [[Jerusalem]] by the Chaldeans seems first meant here, when [[idolatry]] among the [[Jews]] was done away; but our thoughts are led forward to the destruction of all the enemies of [[Christ]]. It is folly for those who are pursued by the wrath of [[God]], to think to hide or shelter themselves from it. The shaking of the earth will be terrible to those who set their affections on things of the earth. Men's haughtiness will be brought down, either by the [[grace]] of [[God]] convincing them of the evil of pride, or by the providence of [[God]] depriving them of all the things they were proud of. The day of the [[Lord]] shall be upon those things in which they put their confidence. Those who will not be reasoned out of their sins, sooner or later shall be frightened out of them. Covetous men make money their god; but the time will come when they will feel it as much their burden. This whole passage may be applied to the case of an awakened sinner, ready to leave all that his soul may be saved. The [[Jews]] were prone to rely on their heathen neighbours; but they are here called upon to cease from depending on mortal man. We are all prone to the same sin. Then let not man be your fear, let not him be your hope; but let your [[hope]] be in the [[Lord]] your [[God]]. Let us make this our great concern.
----
'''Chapter''' 3
The calamities about to come upon the land. (Is. 3:1-9) The wickedness of the people. (Is. 3:10-15) The distress of the proud, luxurious women of [[Zion]]. (Is. 3:16-26)
Is. 3:1-9 [[God]] was about to deprive [[Judah]] of every stay and support. The city and the land were to be made desolate, because their words and works had been rebellious against the [[Lord]]; even at his holy temple. If men do not stay themselves upon [[God]], he will soon remove all other supports, and then they must sink. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is the Bread of life and the Water of life; if he be our Stay, we shall find that is a good part not to be taken away, John 6:27. Here note, 1. That the condition of sinners is exceedingly woful. 2. It is the soul that is damaged by sin. 3. Whatever evil befals sinners, be sure that they bring it on themselves.
Is. 3:10-15 The rule was certain; however there might be national prosperity or trouble, it would be well with the righteous and ill with the wicked. Blessed be [[God]], there is abundant encouragement to the righteous to [[trust]] in him, and for sinners to repent and return to him. It was time for the [[Lord]] to show his might. He will call men to a strict account for all the wealth and power intrusted to and abused by them. If it is sinful to disregard the necessities of the poor, how odious and wicked a part do they act, who bring men into poverty, and then oppress them!
Is. 3:16-26 The prophet reproves and warns the daughters of [[Zion]] of the sufferings coming upon them. Let them know that [[God]] notices the folly and vanity of proud women, even of their dress. The punishments threatened answered the sin. Loathsome diseases often are the just punishment of pride. It is not material to ask what sort of ornaments they wore; many of these things, if they had not been in fashion, would have been ridiculed then as now. Their fashions differed much from those of our times, but human nature is the same. Wasting time and money, to the neglect of piety, charity, and even of justice, displease the [[Lord]]. Many professors at the present day, seem to think there is no harm in worldly finery; but were it not a great evil, would the Holy [[Spirit]] have taught the prophet to expose it so fully? The [[Jews]] being overcome, [[Jerusalem]] would be levelled with the ground; which is represented under the idea of a desolate female seated upon the earth. And when the Romans had destroyed [[Jerusalem]], they struck a medal, on which was represented a woman sitting on the ground in a posture of grief. If [[sin]] be harboured within the walls, lamentation and mourning are near the gates.
----
'''Chapter''' 4
The havoc occasioned by war. (Is. 4:1) The times of the [[Messiah]]. (Is. 4:2-6)
Is. 4:1 This first Verse belongs to the third Chapter. When the troubles should come upon the land, as the unmarried state was deemed reproachful among the [[Jews]], these women would act contrary to common usage, and seek husbands for themselves.
Is. 4:2-6 Not only the setting forth [[Christ]]'s kingdom in the times of the apostles, but its enlargement by gathering the dispersed [[Jews]] into the [[church]], is foretold. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is called the Branch of the [[Lord]], being planted by his power, and flourishing to his praise. The [[gospel]] is the fruit of the Branch of the [[Lord]]; all the graces and comforts of the [[gospel]] spring from [[Christ]]. It is called the fruit of the earth, because it sprang up in this world, and was suited for the present state. It will be good evidence that we are distinguished from those merely called [[Israel]], if we are brought to see all beauty in [[Christ]], and [[holiness]]. As a type of this blessed day, [[Jerusalem]] should again flourish as a branch, and be blessed with the fruits of the earth. [[God]] will keep for himself a holy seed. When most of those that have a place and a name in [[Zion]], and in [[Jerusalem]], shall be cut off by their unbelief, some shall be left. Those only that are holy shall be left, when the Son of man shall gather out of his kingdom every thing which offends. By the judgment of [[God]]'s providence, sinners were destroyed and consumed; but by the [[Spirit]] of [[grace]] they are reformed and converted. The [[Spirit]] herein acts as a [[Spirit]] of judgment, enlightening the mind, convincing the conscience; also as a [[Spirit]] of burning, quickening and strengthening the affections, and making men zealously affected in a good work. An ardent [[love]] to [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] and souls, and zeal against [[sin]], will carry men on with resolution in endeavours to turn away ungodliness from [[Jacob]]. Every affliction serves [[believer]]s as a furnace, to purify them from dross; and the convincing, enlightening, and powerful influences of the [[Holy Spirit]], gradually root out their lusts, and render them holy as He is holy. [[God]] will protect his [[church]], and all that belong to it. [[Gospel]] truths and ordinances are the glory of the [[church]]. Grace in the soul is the [[glory]] of it; and those that have it are kept by the power of [[God]]. But only those who are weary will seek rest; only those who are convinced that a storm is approaching, will look for shelter. Affected with a deep sense of the Divine displeasure, to which we are exposed by [[sin]], let us at once have recourse to [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], and thankfully accept the refuge he affords.
----
'''Chapter''' 5
The state and conduct of the Jewish nation. (Is. 5:1-7) The judgments which would come. (Is. 5:8-23) The executioners of these judgments. (Is. 5:24-30)
Is. 5:1-7 [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is [[God]]'s beloved Son, and our beloved [[Saviour]]. The care of the [[Lord]] over the [[church]] of [[Israel]], is described by the management of a vineyard. The advantages of our situation will be brought into the account another day. He planted it with the choicest vines; gave them a most excellent law, instituted proper ordinances. The [[temple]] was a tower, where [[God]] gave tokens of his presence. He set up his altar, to which the sacrifices should be brought; all the means of [[grace]] are denoted thereby. [[God]] expects fruit from those that enjoy privileges. Good purposes and good beginnings are good things, but not enough; there must be vineyard fruit; thoughts and affections, words and actions, agreeable to the [[Spirit]]. It brought forth bad fruit. Wild grapes are the fruits of the corrupt nature. Where [[grace]] does not work, corruption will. But the wickedness of those that profess [[religion]], and enjoy the means of grace, must be upon the sinners themselves. They shall no longer be a peculiar people. When errors and vice go without check or control, the vineyard is unpruned; then it will soon be grown over with thorns. This is often shown in the departure of [[God]]'s Spirit from those who have long striven against him, and the removal of his [[gospel]] from places which have long been a reproach to it. The explanation is given. It is sad with a soul, when, instead of the grapes of humility, meekness, love, patience, and contempt of the world, for which [[God]] looks, there are the wild grapes of pride, passion, discontent, and malice, and contempt of [[God]]; instead of the grapes of praying and praising, the wild grapes of cursing and swearing. Let us bring forth fruit with patience, that in the end we may obtain everlasting life.
Is. 5:8-23 Here is a woe to those who set their hearts on the wealth of the world. Not that it is sinful for those who have a house and a field to purchase another; but the fault is, that they never know when they have enough. Covetousness is [[idolatry]]; and while many envy the prosperous, wretched man, the [[Lord]] denounces awful woes upon him. How applicable to many among us! [[God]] has many ways to empty the most populous cities. Those who set their hearts upon the world, will justly be disappointed. Here is woe to those who dote upon the pleasures and the delights of sense. The use of music is lawful; but when it draws away the [[heart]] from [[God]], then it becomes a [[sin]] to us. [[God]]'s judgments have seized them, but they will not disturb themselves in their pleasures. The judgments are declared. Let a man be ever so high, death will bring him low; ever so mean, [[death]] will bring him lower. The fruit of these judgments shall be, that [[God]] will be glorified as a [[God]] of power. Also, as a [[God]] that is holy; he shall be owned and declared to be so, in the righteous punishment of proud men. Those are in a woful condition who set up [[sin]], and who exert themselves to gratify their base lusts. They are daring in [[sin]], and walk after their own lusts; it is in scorn that they call [[God]] the Holy One of [[Israel]]. They confound and overthrow distinctions between good and evil. They prefer their own reasonings to [[Divine]] revelations; their own devices to the counsels and commands of [[God]]. They deem it prudent and politic to continue profitable sins, and to neglect self-denying duties. Also, how light soever men make of drunkenness, it is a [[sin]] which lays open to the wrath and curse of [[God]]. Their judges perverted justice. Every [[sin]] needs some other to conceal it.
Is. 5:24-30 Let not any expect to live easily who live wickedly. Sin weakens the strength, the root of a people; it defaces the beauty, the blossoms of a people. When [[God]]'s word is despised, and his law cast away, what can men expect but that [[God]] should utterly abandon them? When [[God]] comes forth in wrath, the hills tremble, [[fear]] seizes even great men. When [[God]] designs the ruin of a provoking people, he can find instruments to be employed in it, as he sent for the Chaldeans, and afterwards the Romans, to destroy the [[Jews]]. Those who would not hear the voice of [[God]] speaking by his prophets, shall hear the voice of their enemies roaring against them. Let the distressed look which way they will, all appears dismal. If [[God]] frowns upon us, how can any creature smile? Let us diligently seek the well-grounded assurance, that when all earthly helps and comforts shall fail, [[God]] himself will be the strength of our hearts, and our portion for ever.
----
'''Chapter''' 6
The vision which [[Isaiah]] beheld in the temple. (Is. 6:1-8) The [[Lord]] declares the blindness to come upon the Jewish nation, and the destruction which would follow. (Is. 6:9-13)
Is. 6:1-8 In this figurative vision, the [[temple]] is thrown open to view, even to the most holy place. The prophet, standing outside the temple, sees the [[Divine]] Presence seated on the [[mercy]]-seat, raised over the ark of the covenant, between the cherubim and seraphim, and the Divine [[glory]] filled the whole temple. See [[God]] upon his throne. This vision is explained, John 12:41, that [[Isaiah]] now saw [[Christ]]'s glory, and spake of Him, which is a full proof that our [[Saviour]] is [[God]]. In [[Jesus Christ|Christ Jesus]], [[God]] is seated on a throne of grace; and through him the way into the holiest is laid open. See [[God]]'s temple, his [[church]] on earth, filled with his glory. His train, the skirts of his robes, filled the temple, the whole world, for it is all [[God]]'s temple. And yet he dwells in every contrite heart. See the blessed attendants by whom his government is served. Above the throne stood the holy angels, called seraphim, which means "burners;" they burn in [[love]] to [[God]], and zeal for his glory against sin. The seraphim showing their faces veiled, declares that they are ready to yield obedience to all [[God]]'s commands, though they do not understand the secret reasons of his counsels, government, or promises. All vain-glory, ambition, ignorance, and pride, would be done away by one view of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] in his glory. This awful vision of the [[Divine]] Majesty overwhelmed the prophet with a sense of his own vileness. We are undone if there is not a Mediator between us and this holy [[God]]. A glimpse of heavenly [[glory]] is enough to convince us that all our righteousnesses are as filthy rags. Nor is there a man that would dare to speak to the [[Lord]], if he saw the justice, [[holiness]], and majesty of [[God]], without discerning his glorious [[mercy]] and [[grace]] in [[Jesus]] [[Christ]]. The live coal may denote the assurance given to the prophet, of [[pardon]] , and acceptance in his work, through the atonement of [[Christ]]. Nothing is powerful to cleanse and comfort the soul, but what is taken from [[Christ]]'s satisfaction and intercession. The taking away [[sin]] is necessary to our speaking with confidence and comfort, either to [[God]] in [[prayer]], or from [[God]] in preaching; and those shall have their [[sin]] taken away who complain of it as a burden, and see themselves in danger of being undone by it. It is great comfort to those whom [[God]] sends, that they go for [[God]], and may therefore speak in his name, assured that he will bear them out.
Is. 6:9-13 [[God]] sends [[Isaiah]] to foretell the ruin of his people. Many hear the sound of [[God]]'s word, but do not feel the power of it. [[God]] sometimes, in righteous judgment, gives men up to blindness of mind, because they will not receive the truth in the [[love]] of it. But no humble inquirer after [[Christ]], need to [[fear]] this awful doom, which is a spiritual judgment on those who will still hold fast their sins. Let every one pray for the enlightening of the [[Holy Spirit]], that he may perceive how precious are the [[Divine]] mercies, by which alone we are secured against this dreadful danger. Yet the [[Lord]] would preserve a remnant, like the tenth, holy to him. And blessed be [[God]], he still preserves his [[church]]; however professors or visible [[church]]es may be lopped off as unfruitful, the holy seed will shoot forth, from whom all the numerous branches of righteousness shall arise.
----
'''Chapter''' 7
Ahaz threatened by [[Israel]] and Syria; and is assured their attack would be in vain. (Is. 7:1-9) [[God]] gives a sure sign by the promise of the long-expected [[Messiah]]. (Is. 7:10-16) The folly and [[sin]] of seeking relief from Assyria are reproved. (Is. 7:17-25)
Is. 7:1-9 Ungodly men are often punished by others as bad as themselves. Being in great distress and confusion, the [[Jews]] gave up all for lost. They had made [[God]] their enemy, and knew not how to make him their friend. The prophet must teach them to despise their enemies, in [[faith]] and dependence on [[God]]. Ahaz, in fear, called them two powerful princes. No, says the prophet, they are but tails of smoking firebrands, burnt out already. The two kingdoms of Syria and [[Israel]] were nearly expiring. While [[God]] has work for the firebrands of the earth, they consume all before them; but when their work is fulfilled, they will be extinguished in smoke. That which Ahaz thought most formidable, is made the ground of their defeat; because they have taken evil counsel against thee; which is an offence to [[God]]. [[God]] scorns the scorners, and gives his word that the attempt should not succeed. Man purposes, but [[God]] disposes. It was folly for those to be trying to ruin their neighbours, who were themselves near to ruin. [[Isaiah]] must urge the [[Jews]] to rely on the assurances given them. Faith is absolutely necessary to quiet and compose the mind in trials.
Is. 7:10-16 Secret disaffection to [[God]] is often disguised with the colour of respect to him; and those who are resolved that they will not [[trust]] [[God]], yet pretend they will not tempt him. The prophet reproved Ahaz and his court, for the little value they had for Divine revelation. Nothing is more grievous to [[God]] than distrust, but the unbelief of man shall not make the promise of [[God]] of no effect; the [[Lord]] himself shall give a sign. How great soever your distress and danger, of you the [[Messiah]] is to be born, and you cannot be destroyed while that blessing is in you. It shall be brought to pass in a glorious manner; and the strongest consolations in time of trouble are derived from [[Christ]], our relation to him, our interest in him, our expectations of him and from him. He would grow up like other children, by the use of the diet of those countries; but he would, unlike other children, uniformly refuse the evil and choose the good. And although his birth would be by the power of the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]], yet he should not be fed with angels' food. Then follows a sign of the speedy destruction of the princes, now a terror to [[Judah]]. "Before this child," so it may be read; "this child which I have now in my arms," (Shear-jashub, the prophet's own son, Is. 7:3,) shall be three or four years older, these enemies' forces shall be forsaken of both their kings. The prophecy is so solemn, the sign is so marked, as given by [[God]] himself after Ahaz rejected the offer, that it must have raised hopes far beyond what the present occasion suggested. And, if the prospect of the coming of the [[Divine]] [[Saviour]] was a never-failing support to the hopes of ancient [[believer]]s, what cause have we to be thankful that the Word was made flesh! May we [[trust]] in and [[love]] Him, and copy his example.
Is. 7:17-25 Let those who will not believe the promises of [[God]], expect to hear the alarms of his threatenings; for who can resist or escape his judgments? The [[Lord]] shall sweep all away; and whomsoever he employs in any service for him, he will pay. All speaks a sad change of the face of that pleasant land. But what melancholy change is there, which [[sin]] will not make with a people? Agriculture would cease. Sorrows of every kind will come upon all who neglect the great [[salvation]]. If we remain unfruitful under the means of grace, the [[Lord]] will say, Let no fruit grow on thee henceforth for ever.
----
'''Chapter''' 8
Exhortations and warnings. (Is. 8:1-8) Comfort for those who [[fear]] [[God]]. (Is. 8:9-16) Afflictions to idolaters. (Is. 8:17-22)
Is. 8:1-8 The prophet is to write on a large roll, or on a metal tablet, words which meant, "Make speed to spoil, hasten to the prey:" pointing out that the Assyrian army should come with speed, and make great spoil. Very soon the riches of Damascus and of Samaria, cities then secure and formidable, shall be taken away by the king of Assyria. The prophet pleads with the promised [[Messiah]], who should appear in that land in the fulness of time, and, therefore, as [[God]], would preserve it in the mean time. As a gentle brook is an apt emblem of a mild government, so an overflowing torrent represents a conqueror and tyrant. The invader's success was also described by a bird of prey, stretching its wings over the whole land. Those who reject [[Christ]], will find that what they call liberty is the basest slavery. But no enemy shall pluck the [[believer]] out of Emmanuel's hand, or deprive him of his heavenly inheritance.
Is. 8:9-16 The prophet challenges the enemies of the [[Jews]]. Their efforts would be vain, and themselves broken to pieces. It concerns us, in time of trouble, to watch against all such fears as put us upon crooked courses for our own security. The believing [[fear]] of [[God]] preserves against the disquieting [[fear]] of man. If we thought rightly of the greatness and [[glory]] of [[God]], we should see all the power of our enemies restrained. The [[Lord]], who will be a Sanctuary to those who [[trust]] in him, will be a Stone of stumbling, and a Rock of offence, to those who make the creature their [[fear]] and their hope. If the things of [[God]] be an offence to us, they will undo us. The apostle quotes this as to all who persisted in unbelief of the [[gospel]] of [[Christ]], I Pet. 2:8. The crucified Emmanuel, who was and is a Stumbling-stone and Rock of offence to unbelieving [[Jews]], is no less so to thousands who are called [[Christians]]. The preaching of the cross is foolishness in their esteem; his doctrines and precepts offend them.
Is. 8:17-22 The prophet foresaw that the [[Lord]] would hide his face; but he would look for his return in favour to them again. Though not miraculous signs, the children's names were memorials from [[God]], suited to excite attention. The unbelieving [[Jews]] were prone to seek counsel in difficulties, from diviners of different descriptions, whose foolish and sinful ceremonies are alluded to. Would we know how we may seek to our [[God]], and come to the knowledge of his mind? To the law and to the testimony; for there you will see what is good, and what the [[Lord]] requires. We must speak of the things of [[God]] in the words which the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]] teaches, and be ruled by them. To those that seek to familiar spirits, and regard not [[God]]'s law and testimony, there shall be horror and misery. Those that go away from [[God]], go out of the way of all good; for fretfulness is a [[sin]] that is its own punishment. They shall despair, and see no way of relief, when they curse [[God]]. And their fears will represent every thing as frightful. Those that shut their eyes against the light of [[God]]'s word, will justly be left to darkness. All the miseries that ever were felt or witnessed on earth, are as nothing, compared with what will overwhelm those who leave the words of [[Christ]], to follow delusions.
----
'''Chapter''' 9
The Son that should be born, and his kingdom. (Is. 9:1-7) The judgments to come upon [[Israel]], and on the enemies of the kingdom of [[Christ]]. (Is. 9:8-21)
Is. 9:1-7 The Syrians and [[Assyrians]] first ravaged the countries here mentioned, and that region was first favoured by the preaching of [[Christ]]. Those that want the [[gospel]], walk in darkness, and in the utmost danger. But when the [[gospel]] comes to any place, to any soul, light comes. Let us earnestly pray that it may shine into our hearts, and make us wise unto [[salvation]]. The [[gospel]] brings [[joy]] with it. Those who would have joy, must expect to go through hard work, as the husbandman, before he has the [[joy]] of harvest; and hard conflict, as the soldier, before he divides the spoil. The [[Jews]] were delivered from the yoke of many oppressors; this was a shadow of the [[believer]]'s deliverance from the yoke of [[Satan]]. The cleansing the souls of [[believer]]s from the power and pollution of [[sin]], would be by the influence of the [[Holy Spirit]], as purifying fire. These great things for the [[church]], shall be done by the [[Messiah]], Emmanuel. The Child is born; it was certain; and the [[church]], before [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] came in the flesh, benefitted by his undertaking. It is a prophecy of him and of his kingdom, which those that waited for the Consolation of [[Israel]] read with pleasure. This Child was born for the benefit of us men, of us sinners, of all [[believer]]s, from the beginning to the end of the world. Justly is he called Wonderful, for he is both [[God]] and man. His [[love]] is the wonder of angels and glorified saints. He is the Counsellor, for he knew the counsels of [[God]] from eternity; and he gives counsel to men, in which he consults our welfare. He is the Wonderful Counsellor; none teaches like him. He is [[God]], the mighty One. Such is the work of the Mediator, that no less power than that of the mighty [[God]] could bring it to pass. He is [[God]], one with the Father. As the Prince of Peace, he reconciles us to [[God]]; he is the Giver of [[peace]] in the [[heart]] and conscience; and when his kingdom is fully established, men shall learn war no more. The government shall be upon him; he shall bear the burden of it. Glorious things are spoken of [[Christ]]'s government. There is no end to the increase of its [[peace]], for the happiness of its subjects shall last for ever. The exact agreement of this prophecy with the doctrine of the New Testament, shows that Jewish prophets and [[Christian]] teachers had the same view of the person and [[salvation]] of the [[Messiah]]. To what earthly king or kingdom can these words apply? Give then, O [[Lord]], to thy people to know thee by every endearing name, and in every glorious character. Give increase of grace in every [[heart]] of thy redeemed upon earth.
Is. 9:8-21 Those are ripening apace for ruin, whose hearts are unhumbled under humbling providences. For that which [[God]] designs, in smiting us, is, to turn us to himself; and if this point be not gained by lesser judgments, greater may be expected. The leaders of the people misled them. We have reason to be afraid of those that speak well of us, when we do ill. Wickedness was universal, all were infected with it. They shall be in trouble, and see no way out; and when men's ways displease the [[Lord]], he makes even their friends to be at war with them. [[God]] would take away those they thought to have help from. Their rulers were the head. Their false prophets were the tail and the rush, the most despicable. In these civil contests, men preyed on near relations who were as their own flesh. The people turn not to Him who smites them, therefore he continues to smite: for when [[God]] judges, he will overcome; and the proudest, stoutest sinner shall either bend or break.
----
'''Chapter''' 10
Woes against proud oppressors. (Is. 10:1-4) The Assyrian but an instrument in the hand of [[God]] for the punishment of his people. (Is. 10:5-19) The deliverance from him. (Is. 10:20-34)
Is. 10:1-4 These Verses are to be joined with the foregoing Chapter. Woe to the superior powers that devise and decree unrighteous decrees! And woe to the inferior officers that draw them up, and enter them on record! But what will sinners do? Whither will they flee?
Is. 10:5-19 See what a change [[sin]] made. The king of Assyria, in his pride, thought to act by his own will. The tyrants of the [[world]] are tools of Providence. [[God]] designs to correct his people for their hypocrisy, and bring them nearer to him; but is that Sennacherib's design? No; he designs to gratify his own covetousness and ambition. The Assyrian boasts what great things he has done to other nations, by his own policy and power. He knows not that it is [[God]] who makes him what he is, and puts the staff into his hand. He had done all this with ease; none moved the wing, or cried as birds do when their nests are rifled. Because he conquered Samaria, he thinks [[Jerusalem]] would fall of course. It was lamentable that [[Jerusalem]] should have set up graven images, and we cannot wonder that she was excelled in them by the heathen. But is it not equally foolish for [[Christians]] to emulate the people of the [[world]] in vanities, instead of keeping to things which are their special honour? For a tool to boast, or to strive against him that formed it, would not be more out of the way, than for Sennacherib to vaunt himself against [[Jehovah]]. When [[God]] brings his people into trouble, it is to bring [[sin]] to their remembrance, and humble them, and to awaken them to a sense of their duty; this must be the fruit, even the taking away of sin. When these points are gained by the affliction, it shall be removed in [[mercy]]. This attempt upon [[Zion]] and [[Jerusalem]] should come to nothing. [[God]] will be as a fire to consume the workers of iniquity, both soul and body. The desolation should be as when a standard-bearer fainteth, and those who follow are put to confusion. Who is able to stand before this great and holy [[Lord]] [[God]]?
Is. 10:20-34 By our afflictions we may learn not to make creatures our confidence. Those only can with comfort stay upon [[God]], who return to him in truth, not in pretence and profession only. [[God]] will justly bring this wasting away on a provoking people, but will graciously set bounds to it. It is against the mind and will of [[God]], that his people, whatever happens, should give way to fear. [[God]]'s [[anger]] against his people is but for a moment; and when that is turned from us, we need not [[fear]] the fury of man. The rod with which he corrected his people, shall not only be laid aside, but thrown into the fire. To encourage [[God]]'s people, the prophet puts them in mind of what [[God]] had formerly done against the enemies of his [[church]]. [[God]]'s people shall be delivered from the [[Assyrians]]. Some think it looks to the deliverance of the [[Jews]] out of their captivity; and further yet, to the redemption of [[believer]]s from the tyranny of [[sin]] and [[Satan]]. And this, "because of the anointing;" for his people [[Israel]]'s sake, the [[believer]]s among them that had received the unction of [[Divine]] grace. And for the sake of the [[Messiah]], the Anointed of [[God]]. Here is, Is. 10:28-34, a prophetical description of Sennacherib's march towards [[Jerusalem]], when he threatened to destroy that city. Then the [[Lord]], in whom Hezekiah trusted, cut down his army like the hewing of a forest. Let us apply what is here written, to like matters in other ages of the [[church]] of [[Christ]]. Because of the anointing of our great [[Redeemer]], the yoke of every [[Text:EBD:[[Text:EBD:Antichrist|Antichrist]]|antichrist]] must be broken from off his [[church]]: and if our souls partake of the unction of the [[Holy Spirit]], complete and eternal deliverances will be secured to us.
----
'''Chapter''' 11
The [[peace]]ful character of [[Christ]]'s kingdom and subjects. (Is. 11:1-9) The conversion of the [[Gentiles]] and [[Jews]]. (Is. 11:10-16)
Is. 11:1-9 The [[Messiah]] is called a Rod, and a Branch. The words signify a small, tender product; a shoot, such as is easily broken off. He comes forth out of the stem of Jesse; when the royal family was cut down and almost levelled with the ground, it would sprout again. The house of [[David]] was brought very low at the time of [[Christ]]'s birth. The [[Messiah]] thus gave early notice that his kingdom was not of this world. But the [[Holy Spirit]], in all his gifts and graces, shall rest and abide upon him; he shall have the fulness of the Godhead dwelling in him, Col. 1:19; 2:9. Many consider that seven gifts of the [[Holy Spirit]] are here mentioned. And the doctrine of the influences of the [[Holy Spirit]] is here clearly taught. The [[Messiah]] would be just and righteous in all his government. His threatening shall be executed by the working of his [[Spirit]] according to his word. There shall be great [[peace]] and quiet under his government. The [[gospel]] changes the nature, and makes those who trampled on the meek of the earth, meek like them, and kind to them. But it shall be more fully shown in the latter days. Also [[Christ]], the great Shepherd, shall take care of his flock, that the nature of troubles, and of [[death]] itself, shall be so changed, that they shall not do any real hurt. [[God]]'s people shall be delivered, not only from evil, but from the [[fear]] of it. Who shall separate us from the [[love]] of Christ? The better we know the [[God]] of love, the more shall we be changed into the same likeness, and the better disposed to all who have any likeness to him. This knowledge shall extend as the sea, so far shall it spread. And this blessed power there have been witnesses in every age of [[Christianity]], though its most glorious time, here foretold, is not yet arrived. Meanwhile let us aim that our example and endeavours may help to promote the honour of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] and his kingdom of [[peace]].
Is. 11:10-16 When the [[gospel]] should be publicly preached, the [[Gentiles]] would seek [[Jesus Christ|Christ Jesus]] as their [[Lord]] and [[Saviour]], and find rest of soul. When [[God]]'s time is come for the deliverance of his people, mountains of opposition shall become plains before him. [[God]] can soon turn gloomy days into glorious ones. And while we expect the [[Lord]] to gather his ancient people, and bring them home to his [[church]], also to bring in the fulness of the [[Gentiles]], when all will be united in holy love, let us tread the highway of [[holiness]] he has made for his redeemed. Let us wait for the [[mercy]] of our [[Lord]] [[Jesus Christ|Jesus Christ]] unto [[eternal life]], looking to him to prepare our way through death, that river which separates this [[world]] from the eternal world.
----
'''Chapter''' 12
This is a hymn of praise suited to the times of the [[Messiah]].
The song of praise in this Chapter is suitable for the return of the outcasts of [[Israel]] from their long captivity, but it is especially suitable to the case of a sinner, when he first finds [[peace]] and [[joy]] in believing; to that of a [[believer]], when his [[peace]] is renewed after corrections for backslidings; and to that of the whole company of the redeemed, when they meet before the throne of [[God]] in heaven. The promise is sure, and the blessings contained in it are very rich; and the benefits enjoyed through [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], call for the most enlarged thanksgivings. By [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], the Root of Jesse, the [[Divine]] anger against mankind was turned away, for he is our Peace. Those to whom [[God]] is reconciled, he comforts. They are taught to triumph in [[God]] and their interest in him. I will [[trust]] him to prepare me for his [[salvation]], and preserve me to it. I will [[trust]] him with all my concerns, not doubting but he will make all to work for good. Faith in [[God]] is a sovereign remedy against tormenting fears. Many [[Christians]] have [[God]] for their strength, who have him not for their song; they walk in darkness: but those who have [[God]] for their strength ought to make him their song; that is, give him the [[glory]] of it, and take to themselves the comfort of it. This [[salvation]] is from the [[love]] of [[God]] the Father, it comes to us through [[God]] the Son, it is applied by the new-creating power of [[God]] the [[Spirit]]. When this is seen by faith, the trembling sinner learns to [[hope]] in [[God]], and is delivered from fear. The purifying and sanctifying influences of the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]] often are denoted under the emblem of springing water. This work flows through the mediation of [[Christ]], and is conveyed to our souls by means of [[God]]'s ordinances. Blessed be [[God]], we have wells of [[salvation]] opened on every side, and may draw from them the waters of life and consolation. In the second part of this [[gospel]] song, Is. 12:4-6, [[believer]]s encourage one another to praise [[God]], and seek to draw others to join them in it. No difference of opinions about the times and seasons, and other such matters, ought to divide the hearts of [[Christians]]. Let it be our care that we may be placed amongst those to whom he will say, Come, ye blessed of my Father, receive the kingdom prepared for you from the beginning of the world.
----
'''Chapter''' 13
The armies of [[God]]'s wrath. (Is. 13:1-5) The conquest of Babylon. (Is. 13:6-18) Its final desolation. (Is. 13:19-22)
Is. 13:1-5 The threatenings of [[God]]'s word press heavily upon the wicked, and are a sore burden, too heavy for them to bear. The persons brought together to lay Babylon waste, are called [[God]]'s sanctified or appointed ones; designed for this service, and made able to do it. They are called [[God]]'s mighty ones, because they had their might from [[God]], and were now to use it for him. They come from afar. [[God]] can make those a scourge and ruin to his enemies, who are farthest off, and therefore least dreaded.
Is. 13:6-18 We have here the terrible desolation of Babylon by the Medes and Persians. Those who in the day of their [[peace]] were proud, and haughty, and terrible, are quite dispirited when trouble comes. Their faces shall be scorched with the flame. All comfort and [[hope]] shall fail. The stars of heaven shall not give their light, the sun shall be darkened. Such expressions are often employed by the prophets, to describe the convulsions of governments. [[God]] will visit them for their iniquity, particularly the [[sin]] of pride, which brings men low. There shall be a general scene of horror. Those who join themselves to Babylon, must expect to share her plagues, Rev. 18:4. All that men have, they would give for their lives, but no man's riches shall be the ransom of his life. Pause here and wonder that men should be thus cruel and inhuman, and see how corrupt the nature of man is become. And that little infants thus suffer, which shows that there is an original guilt, by which life is forfeited as soon as it is begun. The day of the [[Lord]] will, indeed, be terrible with wrath and fierce anger, far beyond all here stated. Nor will there be any place for the sinner to flee to, or attempt an escape. But few act as though they believed these things.
Is. 13:19-22 Babylon was a noble city; yet it should be wholly destroyed. None shall dwell there. It shall be a haunt for wild beasts. All this is fulfilled. The fate of this proud city is a proof of the truth of the [[Bible]], and an emblem of the approaching ruin of the New Testament Babylon; a warning to sinners to flee from the wrath to come, and it encourages [[believer]]s to expect victory over every enemy of their souls, and of the [[church]] of [[God]]. The whole [[world]] changes and is liable to decay. Wherefore let us give diligence to obtain a kingdom which cannot be moved; and in this [[hope]] let us hold fast that [[grace]] whereby we may serve [[God]] acceptably with reverence and godly fear.
----
'''Chapter''' 14
The destruction of Babylon, and the [[death]] of its proud monarch. (Is. 14:1-23) Assurance of the destruction of Assyria. (Is. 14:24-27) The destruction of the [[Philistines]]. (Is. 14:28-32)
Is. 14:1-23 The whole plan of [[Divine]] Providence is arranged with a view to the good of the people of [[God]]. A settlement in the land of promise is of [[God]]'s [[mercy]]. Let the [[church]] receive those whom [[God]] receives. [[God]]'s people, wherever their lot is cast, should endeavour to recommend [[religion]] by a right and winning conversation. Those that would not be reconciled to them, should be humbled by them. This may be applied to the success of the [[gospel]], when those were brought to obey it who had opposed it. [[God]] himself undertakes to work a blessed change. They shall have rest from their sorrow and fear, the sense of their present burdens, and the dread of worse. Babylon abounded in riches. The king of Babylon having the absolute command of so much wealth, by the help of it ruled the nations. This refers especially to the people of the [[Jews]]; and it filled up the measure of the king of Babylon's sins. Tyrants sacrifice their true interest to their lusts and passions. It is gracious ambition to covet to be like the Most Holy, for he has said, Be ye holy, for I am holy; but it is sinful ambition to aim to be like the Most High, for he has said, He who exalts himself shall be abased. The devil thus drew our first parents to sin. Utter ruin should be brought upon him. Those that will not cease to [[sin]], [[God]] will make to cease. He should be slain, and go down to the grave; this is the common fate of tyrants. True glory, that is, true grace, will go up with the soul to heaven, but vain pomp will go down with the body to the grave; there is an end of it. To be denied burial, if for righteousness' sake, may be [[rejoice]]d in, Matt. 5:12. But if the just punishment of [[sin]], it denotes that impenitent sinners shall rise to everlasting shame and contempt. Many triumphs should be in his fall. [[God]] will reckon with those that disturb the [[peace]] of mankind. The receiving the king of Babylon into the regions of the dead, shows there is a [[world]] of spirits, to which the souls of men remove at death. And that souls have conVerse with each other, though we have none with them; and that death and hell will be [[death]] and hell indeed, to all who fall unholy, from the height of this world's pomps, and the fulness of its pleasures. Learn from all this, that the seed of evil-doers shall never be renowned. The royal city is to be ruined and forsaken. Thus the utter destruction of the New Testament Babylon is illustrated, Rev. 18:2. When a people will not be made clean with the besom of reformation, what can they expect but to be swept off the face of the earth with the besom of destruction?
Is. 14:24-27 Let those that make themselves a yoke and a burden to [[God]]'s people, see what they are to expect. Let those that are the called according to [[God]]'s purpose, comfort themselves, that whatever [[God]] has purposed, it shall stand. The [[Lord]] of hosts has purposed to break the Assyrian's yoke; his hand is stretched out to execute this purpose; who has power to turn it back? By such dispensations of providence, the Almighty shows in the most convincing manner, that sin is hateful in his sight.
Is. 14:28-32 Assurance is given of the destruction of the [[Philistines]] and their power, by famine and war. Hezekiah would be more terrible to them than Uzziah had been. Instead of rejoicing, there would be lamentation, for the whole land would be ruined. Such destruction will come upon the proud and rebellious, but the [[Lord]] founded [[Zion]] for a refuge to poor sinners, who flee from the wrath to come, and [[trust]] in his [[mercy]] through [[Jesus Christ|Christ Jesus]]. Let us tell all around of our comforts and security, and exhort them to seek the same refuge and [[salvation]].
----
'''Chapter''' 15
The [[Divine]] judgments about to come upon the Moabites.
This prophecy coming to pass within three years, would confirm the prophet's mission, and the belief in all his other prophecies. Concerning Moab it is foretold, Is. 15:1. That their chief cities should be surprised by the enemy. Great changes, and very dismal ones, may be made in a very little time. Is. 15:2. The Moabites would have recourse to their [[idols]] for relief. Ungodly men, when in trouble, have no comforter. But they are seldom brought by their terrors to approach our forgiving [[God]] with true sorrow and believing [[prayer]]. Is. 15:3. There should be the cries of grief through the land. It is poor relief to have many fellow-sufferers, fellow-mourners. Is. 15:4. The courage of their soldiers should fail. [[God]] can easily deprive a nation of that on which it most depended for strength and defence. 5. These calamities should cause grief in the neighbouring parts. Though enemies to [[Israel]], yet as our fellow-creatures, it should be grievous to see them in such distress. In Is. 15:6-9, the prophet describes the woful lamentations heard through the country of Moab, when it became a prey to the Assyrian army. The country should be plundered. And famine is usually the sad effect of war. Those who are eager to get abundance of this world, and to lay up what they have gotten, little consider how soon it may be all taken from them. While we warn our enemies to escape from ruin, let us pray for them, that they may seek and find [[forgiveness]] of their sins.
----
'''Chapter''' 16
Moab is exhorted to yield obedience. (Is. 16:1-5) The pride and the judgments of Moab. (Is. 16:6-14)
Is. 16:1-5 [[God]] tells sinners what they may do to prevent ruin; so he does to Moab. Let them send the tribute they formerly engaged to pay to [[Judah]]. Take it as good advice. Break off thy sins by righteousness, it may lengthen thy quiet. And this may be applied to the great [[gospel]] duty of submission to [[Christ]]. Send him the lamb, the best you have, yourselves a living sacrifice. When you come to [[God]], the great Ruler, come in the name of the Lamb, the Lamb of [[God]]. Those who will not submit to [[Christ]], shall be as a bird that wanders from her nest, which shall be snatched up by the next bird of prey. Those who will not yield to the [[fear]] of [[God]], shall be made to yield to the [[fear]] of every thing else. He advises them to be kind to the seed of [[Israel]]. Those that expect to find favour when in trouble themselves, must show favour to those in trouble. What is here said concerning the throne of Hezekiah, also belongs, in a much higher sense, to the kingdom of [[Jesus]] [[Christ]]. Though by subjection to Him we may not enjoy worldly riches or honours, but may be exposed to poverty and contempt, we shall have [[peace]] of conscience and [[eternal life]].
Is. 16:6-14 Those who will not be counselled, cannot be helped. More souls are ruined by pride than by any other [[sin]] whatever. Also, the very proud are commonly very passionate. With lies many seek to gain the gratification of pride and passion, but they shall not compass proud and angry projects. Moab was famous for fields and vineyards; but they shall be laid waste by the invading army. [[God]] can soon turn laughter into mourning, and [[joy]] into heaviness. In [[God]] let us always [[rejoice]] with holy triumph; in earthly things let us always [[rejoice]] with holy trembling. The prophet looks with concern on the desolations of such a pleasant country; it causes inward grief. The false gods of Moab are unable to help; and the [[God]] of [[Israel]], the only true [[God]], can and will make good what he has spoken. Let Moab know her ruin is very near, and prepare. The most awful declarations of [[Divine]] wrath, discover the way of escape to those who take warning. There is no escape, but by submission to the Son of [[David]], and devoting ourselves to him. And, at length, when the appointed time comes, all the glory, prosperity, and multitude of the wicked shall perish.
----
'''Chapter''' 17
Syria and [[Israel]] threatened. (Is. 17:1-11) The woe of [[Israel]]'s enemies. (Is. 17:12-14)
Is. 17:1-11 Sin desolates cities. It is strange that great conquerors should take pride in being enemies to mankind; but it is better that flocks should lie down there, than that they should harbour any in open rebellion against [[God]] and [[holiness]]. The strong holds of [[Israel]], the kingdom of the ten tribes, will be brought to ruin. Those who are partakers in [[sin]], are justly made partakers in ruin. The people had, by sins, made themselves ripe for ruin; and their [[glory]] was as quickly cut down and taken away by the enemy, as the corn is out of the field by the husbandman. Mercy is reserved in the midst of judgment, for a remnant. But very few shall be marked to be saved. Only here and there one was left behind. But they shall be a remnant made holy. The few that are saved were awakened to return to [[God]]. They shall acknowledge his hand in all events; they shall give him the [[glory]] due to his name. To bring us to this, is the design of his providence, as he is our Maker; and the work of his grace, as he is the Holy One of [[Israel]]. They shall look off from their [[idols]], the creatures of their own fancy. We have reason to account those afflictions happy, which part between us and our sins. The [[God]] of our [[salvation]] is the Rock of our strength; and our forgetfulness and unmindfulness of him are at the bottom of all sin. The pleasant plants, and shoots from a foreign soil, are expressions for strange and idolatrous worship, and the vile practices connected therewith. Diligence would be used to promote the growth of these strange slips, but all in vain. See the evil and danger of [[sin]], and its certain consequences.
Is. 17:12-14 The rage and force of the [[Assyrians]] resembled the mighty waters of the sea; but when the [[God]] of [[Israel]] should rebuke them, they would flee like chaff, or like a rolling thing, before the whirlwind. In the evening [[Jerusalem]] would be in trouble, because of the powerful invader, but before morning his army would be nearly cut off. Happy are those who remember [[God]] as their [[salvation]], and rely on his power and grace. The trouble of the [[believer]]s, and the prosperity of their enemies, will be equally short; while the [[joy]] of the former, and the destruction of those that hate and spoil them, shall last for ever.
----
'''Chapter''' 18
[[God]]'s care for his people; and the increase of the [[church]].
This Chapter is one of the most obscure in Scripture, though more of it probably was understood by those for whose use it was first intended, than by us now. Swift messengers are sent by water to a nation marked by Providence, and measured out, trodden under foot. [[God]]'s people are trampled on; but whoever thinks to swallow them up, finds they are cast down, yet not deserted, not destroyed. All the dwellers on earth must watch the motions of the [[Divine]] Providence, and wait upon the directions of the [[Divine]] will. [[God]] gives assurance to his prophet, and by him to be given to his people. [[Zion]] is his rest for ever, and he will look after it. He will suit to their case the comforts and refreshments he provides for them; they will be acceptable, because seasonable. He will reckon with his and their enemies; and as [[God]]'s people are protected at all seasons of the year, so their enemies are exposed at all seasons. A tribute of praise should be brought to [[God]] from all this. What is offered to [[God]], must be offered in the way he has appointed; and we may expect him to meet us where he records his name. Thus shall the nations of the earth be convinced that [[Jehovah]] is the [[God]], and [[Israel]] is his people, and shall unite in presenting spiritual sacrifices to his glory. Happy are those who take warning by his judgment on others, and hasten to join him and his people. Whatever land or people may be intended, we are here taught not to think that [[God]] takes no care of his [[church]], and has no respect to the affairs of men, because he permits the wicked to triumph for a season. He has wise reasons for so doing, which we cannot now understand, but which will appear at the great day of his coming, when he will bring every work into judgment, and reward every man according to his works.
----
'''Chapter''' 19
Judgments upon [[Egypt]]. (Is. 19:1-17) Its deliverance, and the conversion of the people. (Is. 19:18-25)
Is. 19:1-17 [[God]] shall come into [[Egypt]] with his judgments. He will raise up the causes of their destruction from among themselves. When ungodly men escape danger, they are apt to think themselves secure; but evil pursues sinners, and will speedily overtake them, except they repent. The [[Egyptians]] will be given over into the hand of one who shall rule them with rigour, as was shortly after fulfilled. The [[Egyptians]] were renowned for wisdom and science; yet the [[Lord]] would give them up to their own perVerse schemes, and to quarrel, till their land would be brought by their contests to become an object of contempt and pity. He renders sinners afraid of those whom they have despised and oppressed; and the [[Lord]] of hosts will make the workers of iniquity a terror to themselves, and to each other; and every object around a terror to them.
Is. 19:18-25 The words, "In that day," do not always refer to the passage just before. At a time which was to come, the [[Egyptians]] shall speak the holy language, the Scripture language; not only understand it, but use it. Converting grace, by changing the heart, changes the language; for out of the abundance of the [[heart]] the mouth speaks. So many [[Jews]] shall come to [[Egypt]], that they shall soon fill five cities. Where the sun was worshipped, a place infamous for [[idolatry]], even there shall be a wonderful reformation. [[Christ]], the great Altar, who sanctifies every gift, shall be owned, and the [[gospel]] sacrifices of [[prayer]] and praise shall be offered up. Let the broken-hearted and afflicted, whom the [[Lord]] has wounded, and thus taught to return to, and call upon him, take courage; for He will heal their souls, and turn their sorrowing supplications into joyful praises. The Gentile nations shall not only unite with each other in the [[gospel]] fold under [[Christ]], the great Shepherd, but they shall all be united with the [[Jews]]. They shall be owned together by him; they shall all share in one and the same blessing. Meeting at the same throne of grace, and serving with each other in the same business of [[religion]], should end all disputes, and unite the hearts of [[believer]]s to each other in holy love.
----
'''Chapter''' 20
The invasion and conquest of [[Egypt]] and Ethiopia.
[[Isaiah]] was a sign to the people by his unusual dress, when he walked abroad. He commonly wore sackcloth as a prophet, to show himself mortified to the world. He was to loose this from his loins; to wear no upper garments, and to go barefooted. This sign was to signify, that the [[Egyptians]] and Ethiopians should be led away captives by the king of Assyria, thus stripped. The [[world]] will often deem [[believer]]s foolish, when singular in obedience to [[God]]. But the [[Lord]] will support his servants under the most trying effects of their obedience; and what they are called upon to suffer for his sake, commonly is light, compared with what numbers groan under from year to year from sin. Those who make any creature their expectation and glory, and so put it in the place of [[God]], will, sooner or later, be ashamed of it. But disappointment in creature-confidences, instead of driving us to despair, should drive us to [[God]], and our expectation shall not be in vain. The same lesson is in force now; and where shall we look for aid in the hour of necessity, but to the [[Lord]] our [[Righteousness]]?
----
'''Chapter''' 21
The taking of Babylon. (Is. 21:1-10) Of the Edomites. (Is. 21:11,12) Of the Arabs. (Is. 21:13-17)
Is. 21:1-10 Babylon was a flat country, abundantly watered. The destruction of Babylon, so often prophesied of by Isaiah, was typical of the destruction of the great foe of the New Testament [[church]], foretold in the Revelation. To the poor oppressed captives it would be welcome news; to the proud oppressors it would be grievous. Let this check vain mirth and sensual pleasures, that we know not in what heaviness the mirth may end. Here is the alarm given to Babylon, when forced by Cyrus. An ass and a camel seem to be the symbols of the Medes and Persians. Babylon's [[idols]] shall be so far from protecting her, that they shall be broken down. True [[believer]]s are the corn of [[God]]'s floor; hypocrites are but as chaff and straw, with which the wheat is now mixed, but from which it shall be separated. The corn of [[God]]'s floor must expect to be threshed by afflictions and persecutions. [[God]]'s [[Israel]] of old was afflicted. Even then [[God]] owns it is his still. In all events concerning the [[church]], past, present, and to come, we must look to [[God]], who has power to do any thing for his [[church]], and [[grace]] to do every thing that is for her good.
Is. 21:11,12 [[God]]'s prophets and ministers are as watchmen in the city in a time of [[peace]], to see that all is safe. As watchmen in the camp in time of war, to warn of the motions of the enemy. After a long sleep in [[sin]] and security, it is time to rise, to awake out of sleep. We have a great deal of work to do, a long journey to go; it is time to be stirring. After a long dark night is there any [[hope]] of the day dawning? What tidings of the night? What happens to-night? We must never be secure. But many make curious inquiries of the watchmen. They would willingly have nice questions solved, or difficult prophecies interpreted; but they do not seek into the state of their own souls, about the way of [[salvation]], and the path of duty. The watchman answers by way of prophecy. There comes first a morning of light, and [[peace]], and opportunity; but afterward comes a night of trouble and calamity. If there be a morning of youth and health, there will come a night of sickness and old age; if a morning of prosperity in the family, in the public, yet we must look for changes. It is our wisdom to improve the present morning, in preparation for the night that is coming after it. Inquire, return, come. We are urged to do it quickly, for there is no time to trifle. Those that return and come to [[God]], will find they have a great deal of work to do, and but little time to do it in.
Is. 21:13-17 The Arabians lived in tents, and kept cattle. A destroying army shall be brought upon them, and make them an easy prey. We know not what straits we may be brought into before we die. Those may know the want of necessary food who now eat bread to the full. Neither the skill of archers, nor the courage of mighty men, can protect from the judgments of [[God]]. That is poor glory, which will thus quickly come to nothing. Thus hath the [[Lord]] said to me; and no word of his shall fall to the ground. We may be sure the Strength of [[Israel]] will not lie. Happy are those only whose riches and [[glory]] are out of the reach of invaders; all other prosperity will speedily pass away.
----
'''Chapter''' 22
The siege and taking of [[Jerusalem]]. (Is. 22:1-7) The wicked conduct of its inhabitants. (Is. 22:8-14) The displacing of Shebna, and the promotion of Eliakim, applied to the [[Messiah]]. (Is. 22:15-25)
Is. 22:1-7 Why is [[Jerusalem]] in such terror? Her slain men are not slain with the sword, but with famine; or, slain with fear, disheartened. Their rulers fled, but were overtaken. The servants of [[God]], who foresee and warn sinners of coming miseries, are affected by the prospect. But all the horrors of a city taken by storm, faintly shadow forth the terrors of the day of wrath.
Is. 22:8-14 The weakness of [[Judah]] now appeared more than ever. Now also they discovered their carnal confidence and their carnal security. They looked to the fortifications. They made sure of water for the city. But they were regardless of [[God]] in all these preparations. They did not care for his [[glory]] in what they did. They did not depend upon him for a blessing on their endeavours. For every creature is to us what [[God]] makes it to be; and we must bless him for it, and use it for him. There was great contempt of [[God]]'s wrath and justice, in contending with them. [[God]]'s design was to humble them, and bring them to repentance. They walked contrary to this. Actual disbelief of another life after this, is at the bottom of the carnal security and brutish sensuality, which are the [[sin]], the shame, and ruin of so great a part of mankind. [[God]] was displeased at this. It is a [[sin]] against the remedy, and it is not likely they should ever repent of it. Whether this unbelief works by presumption or despair, it produces the same contempt of [[God]], and is a token that a man will perish wilfully.
Is. 22:15-25 This message to Shebna is a reproof of his pride, vanity, and security; what vanity is all earthly grandeur, which [[death]] will so soon end! What will it avail, whether we are laid in a magnificent tomb, or covered with the green sod? Those who, when in power, turn and toss others, will be justly turned and tossed themselves. Eliakim should be put into Shebna's place. Those called to places of [[trust]] and power, should seek to [[God]] for [[grace]] to enable them to do their duty. Eliakim's advancement is described. Our [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] describes his own power as Mediator, Rev. 3:7, that he has the key of [[David]]. His power in the kingdom of heaven, and in ordering all the affairs of that kingdom, is absolute. Rulers should be fathers to those under their government; and the honour men bring unto their families, by their piety and usefulness, is more to be valued than what they derive from them by their names and titles. The [[glory]] of this [[world]] gives a man no real worth or excellence; it is but hung upon him, and it will soon drop from him. Eliakim was compared to a nail in a sure place; all his family are said to depend upon him. In eastern houses, rows of large spikes were built up in the walls. Upon these the moveables and utensils were hung. Our [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] is as a nail in a sure place. That soul cannot perish, nor that concern fall to the ground, which is by [[faith]] hung upon [[Christ]]. He will set before the [[believer]] an open door, which no man can shut, and bring both body and soul to eternal glory. But those who neglect so great [[salvation]] will find, that when he shutteth none can open, whether it be shutting out from heaven, or shutting up in hell for ever.
----
'''Chapter''' 23
The overthrow of Tyre. (Is. 23:1-14) It is established again. (Is. 23:15-18)
Is. 23:1-14 Tyre was the mart of the nations. She was noted for mirth and diversions; and this made her loth to consider the warnings [[God]] gave by his servants. Her merchants were princes, and lived like princes. Tyre being destroyed and laid waste, the merchants should abandon her. Flee to shift for thine own safety; but those that are uneasy in one place, will be so in another; for when [[God]]'s judgments pursue sinners, they will overtake them. Whence shall all this trouble come? It is a destruction from the Almighty. [[God]] designed to convince men of the vanity and uncertainty of all earthly glory. Let the ruin of Tyre warn all places and persons to take heed of pride; for he who exalts himself shall be abased. [[God]] will do it, who has all power in his hand; but the Chaldeans shall be the instruments.
Is. 23:15-18 The desolations of Tyre were not to be for ever. The [[Lord]] will visit Tyre in [[mercy]]. But when set at liberty, she will use her old arts of temptation. The [[love]] of worldly wealth is spiritual [[idolatry]]; and covetousness is spiritual [[idolatry]]. This directs those that have wealth, to use it in the service of [[God]]. When we abide with [[God]] in our worldly callings, when we do all in our power to further the [[gospel]], then our merchandise and hire are [[holiness]] to the [[Lord]], if we look to his glory. [[Christians]] should carry on business as [[God]]'s servants, and use riches as his stewards.
----
'''Chapter''' 24
The desolation of the land. (Is. 24:1-12) A few shall be preserved. (Is. 24:13-15) [[God]]'s kingdom advanced by his judgments. (Is. 24:16-23)
Is. 24:1-12 All whose treasures and happiness are laid up on earth, will soon be brought to want and misery. It is good to apply to ourselves what the Scripture says of the vanity and vexation of spirit which attend all things here below. Sin has turned the earth upside down; the earth is become quite different to man, from what it was when [[God]] first made it to be his habitation. It is, at the best, like a flower, which withers in the hands of those that please themselves with it, and lay it in their bosoms. The [[world]] we live in is a [[world]] of disappointment, a vale of tears; the [[children]] of men in it are but of few days, and full of trouble, See the power of [[God]]'s curse, how it makes all empty, and lays waste all ranks and conditions. Sin brings these calamities upon the earth; it is polluted by the sins of men, therefore it is made desolate by [[God]]'s judgments. Carnal [[joy]] will soon be at end, and the end of it is heaviness. [[God]] has many ways to imbitter wine and strong drink to those who [[love]] them; distemper of body, anguish of mind, and the ruin of the estate, will make strong drink bitter, and the delights of sense tasteless. Let men learn to mourn for [[sin]], and [[rejoice]] in [[God]]; then no man, no event, can take their [[joy]] from them.
Is. 24:13-15 There shall be a remnant preserved from the general ruin, and it shall be a devout and pious remnant. These few are dispersed; like the gleanings of the olive tree, hid under the leaves. The [[Lord]] knows those that are his; the [[world]] does not. When the mirth of carnal worldlings ceases, the [[joy]] of the saints is as lively as ever, because the covenant of grace, the fountain of their comforts, and the foundation of their hopes, never fails. Those who [[rejoice]] in the [[Lord]] can [[rejoice]] in tribulation, and by [[faith]] may triumph when all about them are in tears. They encourage their fellow-sufferers to do likewise, even those who are in the furnace of affliction. Or, in the valleys, low, dark, miry places. In every fire, even the hottest, in every place, even the remotest, let us keep up our good thoughts of [[God]]. If none of these trials move us, then we glorify the [[Lord]] in the fires.
Is. 24:16-23 Believers may be driven into the uttermost parts of the earth; but they are singing, not sighing. Here is terror to sinners; the prophet laments the miseries he saw breaking in like a torrent; and the small number of [[believer]]s. He foresees that [[sin]] would abound. The meaning is plain, that evil pursues sinners. Unsteady, uncertain are all these things. Worldly men think to dwell in the earth as in a palace, as in a castle; but it shall be removed like a cottage, like a lodge put up for the night. It shall fall and not rise again; but there shall be new heavens and a new earth, in which shall dwell nothing but righteousness. Sin is a burden to the whole creation; it is a heavy burden, under which it groans now, and will sink at last. The high ones, that are puffed up with their grandeur, that think themselves out of the reach of danger, [[God]] will visit for their pride and cruelty. Let us judge nothing before the time, though some shall be visited. None in this [[world]] should be secure, though their condition be ever so prosperous; nor need any despair, though their condition be ever so deplorable. [[God]] will be glorified in all this. But the mystery of Providence is not yet finished. The ruin of the [[Redeemer]]'s enemies must make way for his kingdom, and then the Sun of [[Righteousness]] will appear in full glory. Happy are those who take warning by the sentence against others; every impenitent sinner will sink under his transgression, and rise no more, while [[believer]]s enjoy everlasting bliss.
----
'''Chapter''' 25
A song of praise. (Is. 25:1-5) A declaration of the [[gospel]] blessings. (Is. 25:6-8) The destruction of the enemies of [[Christ]]'s [[church]]. (Is. 25:9-12)
Is. 25:1-5 However this might show the deliverance of the [[Jews]] out of captivity, it looked further, to the praises that should be offered up to [[God]] for [[Christ]]'s victories over our spiritual enemies, and the comforts he has provided for all [[believer]]s. True [[faith]] simply credits the [[Lord]]'s testimony, and relies on his truth to perform his promises. As [[God]] weakens the strong who are proud and secure, so he strengthens the weak that are humble, and stay themselves upon him. [[God]] protects his people in all weathers. The [[Lord]] shelters those who [[trust]] in him from the insolence of oppressors. Their insolence is but the noise of strangers; it is like the heat of the sun scorching in the middle of the day; but where is it when the sun is set? The [[Lord]] ever was, and ever will be, the Refuge of distressed [[believer]]s. Having provided them a shelter, he teaches them to flee unto it.
Is. 25:6-8 The kind reception of repentant sinners, is often in the New Testament likened to a feast. The guests invited are all people, [[Gentiles]] as well as [[Jews]]. There is that in the [[gospel]] which strengthens and makes glad the heart, and is fit for those who are under convictions of [[sin]], and mourning for it. There is a veil spread over all nations, for all sat in darkness. But this veil the [[Lord]] will destroy, by the light of his [[gospel]] shining in the world, and the power of his [[Spirit]] opening men's eyes to receive it. He will raise those to spiritual life who were long dead in trespasses and sins. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] will himself, in his resurrection, triumph over death. Grief shall be banished; there shall be perfect and endless joy. Those that mourn for [[sin]] shall be comforted. Those who suffer for [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] shall have consolations. But in the joys of heaven, and not short of them, will fully be brought to pass this saying, [[God]] shall wipe away all tears. The [[hope]] of this should now do away over-sorrow, all weeping that hinders sowing. Sometimes, in this [[world]] [[God]] takes away the reproach of his people from among men; however, it will be done fully at the great day. Let us patiently bear sorrow and shame now; both will be done away shortly.
Is. 25:9-12 With [[joy]] and praise will those entertain the glad tidings of the [[Redeemer]], who looked for him; and with a triumphant song will glorified saints enter into the [[joy]] of their [[Lord]]. And it is not in vain to wait for him; for the [[mercy]] comes at last, with abundant recompence for the delay. The hands once stretched out upon the cross, to make way for our [[salvation]], will at length be stretched forth to destroy all impenitent sinners. Moab is here put for all adversaries of [[God]]'s people; they shall all be trodden down or threshed. [[God]] shall bring down the pride of the enemies by one humbling judgment after another. This destruction of Moab is typical of [[Christ]]'s victory, and the pulling down of [[Satan]]'s strong holds. Therefore, beloved brethren, be ye stedfast, unmovable, always abounding in the work of the [[Lord]]; for your labour is not in vain in the [[Lord]].
----
'''Chapter''' 26
The [[Divine]] mercies encourage to confidence in [[God]]. (Is. 26:1-4) His judgments. (Is. 26:5-11) His people exhorted to wait upon Him. (Is. 26:12-19) Deliverance promised. (Is. 26:20,21)
Is. 26:1-4 "That day," seems to mean when the New Testament Babylon shall be levelled with the ground. The unchangeable promise and covenant of the [[Lord]] are the walls of the [[church]] of [[God]]. The gates of this city shall be open. Let sinners then be encouraged to join to the [[Lord]]. Thou wilt keep him in [[peace]]; in perfect [[peace]], inward [[peace]], outward [[peace]], [[peace]] with [[God]], [[peace]] of conscience, [[peace]] at all times, in all events. Trust in the [[Lord]] for that [[peace]], that portion, which will be for ever. Whatever we [[trust]] to the [[world]] for, it will last only for a moment; but those who [[trust]] in [[God]] shall not only find in him, but shall receive from him, strength that will carry them to that blessedness which is for ever. Let us then acknowledge him in all our ways, and rely on him in all trials.
Is. 26:5-11 The way of the just is evenness, a steady course of obedience and holy conversation. And it is their happiness that [[God]] makes their way plain and easy. It is our duty, and will be our comfort, to wait for [[God]], to keep up holy desires toward him in the darkest and most discouraging times. Our troubles must never turn us from [[God]]; and in the darkest, longest night of affliction, with our souls must we desire him; and this we must wait and pray to him for. We make nothing of our [[religion]], whatever our profession may be, if we do not make heart-work of it. Though we come ever so early, we shall find [[God]] ready to receive us. The intention of afflictions is to teach righteousness: blessed is the man whom the [[Lord]] thus teaches. But sinners walk contrary to him. They will go on in their evil ways, because they will not consider what a [[God]] he is whose laws they persist in despising. Scorners and the secure will shortly feel, what now they will not believe, that it is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living [[God]]. They will not see the evil of sin; but they shall see. Oh that they would abandon their sins, and turn to the [[Lord]], that he may have [[mercy]] upon them.
Is. 26:12-19 Every creature, every business, any way serviceable to our comfort, [[God]] makes to be so; he makes that work for us which seemed to make against us. They had been slaves of [[sin]] and [[Satan]]; but by the [[Divine]] [[grace]] they were taught to look to be set free from all former masters. The cause opposed to [[God]] and his kingdom will sink at last. See our need of afflictions. Before, [[prayer]] came drop by drop; now they pour it out, it comes now like water from a fountain. Afflictions bring us to secret [[prayer]]. Consider [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] as the Speaker addressing his [[church]]. His resurrection from the dead was an earnest of all the deliverance foretold. The power of his grace, like the dew or rain, which causes the herbs that seem dead to revive, would raise his [[church]] from the lowest state. But we may refer to the resurrection of the dead, especially of those united to [[Christ]].
Is. 26:20,21 When dangers threaten, it is good to retire and lie hid; when we commend ourselves to [[God]] to hide us, he will hide us either under heaven or in heaven. Thus we shall be safe and happy in the midst of tribulations. It is but for a short time, as it were for a little moment; when over, it will seem as nothing. [[God]]'s place is the [[mercy]]-seat; there he delights to be: when he punishes, he comes out of his place, for he has no pleasure in the [[death]] of sinners. But there is hardly any truth more frequently repeated in Scripture, than [[God]]'s determined purpose to punish the workers of iniquity. Let us keep close to the [[Lord]], and separate from the world; and let us seek comfort in secret [[prayer]]. A day of vengeance is coming on the world, and before it comes we are to expect tribulation and suffering. But because the [[Christian]] looks for these things, shall he be restless and dismayed? No, let him repose himself in his [[God]]. Abiding in him, the [[believer]] is safe. And let us wait patiently the fulfilling of [[God]]'s promises.
----
'''Chapter''' 27
[[God]]'s care over his people. (Is. 27:1-5) A promise of their recall to [[Divine]] favour. (Is. 27:6-13)
Is. 27:1-5 The [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] with his strong sword, the virtue of his death, and the preaching of his [[gospel]], does and will destroy him that had the power of death, that is, the devil, that old serpent. The world is a fruitless, worthless wilderness; but the [[church]] is a vineyard, a place that has great care taken of it, and from which precious fruits are gathered. [[God]] will keep it in the night of affliction and persecution, and in the day of [[peace]] and prosperity, the [[temptations]] of which are not less dangerous. [[God]] also takes care of the fruitfulness of this vineyard. We need the continual waterings of [[Divine]] grace; if these be at any time withdrawn, we wither, and come to nothing. Though [[God]] sometimes contends with his people, yet he graciously waits to be reconciled unto them. It is true, when he finds briers and thorns instead of vines, and they are set in array against him, he will tread them down and burn them. Here is a summary of the doctrine of the [[gospel]], with which the [[church]] is to be watered every moment. Ever since [[sin]] first entered, there has been, on [[God]]'s part, a righteous quarrel, but, on man's part, most unrighteous. Here is a gracious invitation given. Pardoning [[mercy]] is called the power of our [[Lord]]; let us take hold on that. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] crucified is the power of [[God]]. Let us by lively [[faith]] take hold on his strength who is a strength to the needy, believing there is no other name by which we can be saved, as a man that is sinking catches hold of a bough, or cord, or plank, that is in his reach. This is the only way, and it is a sure way, to be saved. [[God]] is willing to be reconciled to us.
Is. 27:6-13 In the days of the [[gospel]], the latter days, the [[gospel]] [[church]] shall be more firmly fixed than the Jewish [[church]], and shall spread further. May our souls be continually watered and kept, that we may abound in the fruits of the [[Spirit]], in all goodness, righteousness, and truth. The [[Jews]] yet are kept a separate and a numerous people; they have not been rooted out as those who slew them. The condition of that nation, through so many ages, forms a certain proof of the Divine origin of the Scriptures; and the [[Jews]] live amongst us, a continued warning against sin. But though winds are ever so rough, ever so high, [[God]] can say to them, Peace, be still. And though [[God]] will afflict his people, yet he will make their afflictions to work for the good of their souls. According to this promise, since the captivity in Babylon, no people have shown such hatred to [[idols]] and [[idolatry]] as the [[Jews]]. And to all [[God]]'s people, the design of affliction is to part between them and sin. The affliction has done us good, when we keep at a distance from the occasions of [[sin]], and use care that we may not be tempted to it. [[Jerusalem]] had been defended by [[grace]] and the [[Divine]] protection; but when [[God]] withdrew, she was left like a wilderness. This has awfully come to pass. And this is a figure of the deplorable state of the vineyard, the [[church]], when it brought forth wild grapes. Sinners flatter themselves they shall not be dealt with severely, because [[God]] is merciful, and is their Maker. We see how weak those pleas will be. Verses 12,13, seem to predict the restoration of the [[Jews]] after the Babylonish captivity, and their recovery from their present dispersion. This is further applicable to the preaching of the [[gospel]], by which sinners are gathered into the [[grace]] of [[God]]; the [[gospel]] proclaims the acceptable year of the [[Lord]]. Those gathered by the sounding of the [[gospel]] trumpet, are brought in to [[worship]] [[God]], and added to the [[church]]; and the last trumpet will gather the saints together.
----
'''Chapter''' 28
The desolations of Samaria. (Is. 28:1-4) The prosperity of [[Judah]]; with reproofs for sinfulness and unbelief. (Is. 28:5-15) [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is pointed out as the sure Foundation for all [[believer]]s. (Is. 28:16-22) [[God]]'s dealings with his people. (Is. 28:23-29)
Is. 28:1-4 What men are proud of, be it ever so mean, is to them as a crown; but pride is the forerunner of destruction. How foolishly drunkards act! Those who are overcome with wine are overcome by [[Satan]]; and there is not greater drudgery in the [[world]] than hard drinking. Their health is ruined; men are broken in their callings and estates, and their families are ruined by it. Their souls are in danger of being undone for ever, and all merely to gratify a base lust. In [[God]]'s professing people, like [[Israel]], it is worse than in any other. And he is just in taking away the plenty they thus abuse. The plenty they were proud of, is but a fading flower. Like the early fruit, which, as soon as discovered, is plucked and eaten.
Is. 28:5-15 The prophet next turns to [[Judah]], whom he calls the residue of his people. Happy are those alone, who [[glory]] in the [[Lord]] of hosts himself. Hence his people get wisdom and strength for every service and every conflict. But it is only in [[Jesus Christ|Christ Jesus]] that the holy [[God]] communicates with sinful man. And whether those that teach are drunk with wine, or intoxicated with false doctrines and notions concerning the kingdom and [[salvation]] of the [[Messiah]], they not only err themselves, but lead multitudes astray. All places where such persons have taught are filled with errors. For our instruction in the things of [[God]], it is needful that the same precept and the same line should be often repeated to us, that we may the better understand them. [[God]], by his word, calls us to what is really for our advantage; the service of [[God]] is the only true rest for those weary of the service of [[sin]], and there is no refreshment but under the easy yoke of the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]]. All this had little effect upon the people. Those who will not understand what is plain, but scorn and despise it as mean and trifling, are justly punished. If we are at [[peace]] with [[God]], we have, in effect, made a covenant with death; whenever it comes, it cannot do us any real damage, if we are [[Christ]]'s. But to think of making [[death]] our friend, while by [[sin]] we are making [[God]] our enemy, is absurd. And do not they make lies their refuge who [[trust]] in their own righteousness, or to a death-bed repentance? which is a resolution to [[sin]] no more, when it is no longer in their power to do so.
Is. 28:16-22 Here is a promise of [[Christ]], as the only foundation of [[hope]] for escaping the wrath to come. This foundation was laid in [[Zion]], in the eternal counsels of [[God]]. This foundation is a stone, firm and able to support his [[church]]. It is a tried stone, a chosen stone, approved of [[God]], and never failed any who made trial of it. A corner stone, binding together the whole building, and bearing the whole weight; precious in the sight of the [[Lord]], and of every [[believer]]; a sure foundation on which to build. And he who in any age or nation shall believe this testimony, and rest all his hopes, and his never-dying soul on this foundation, shall never be confounded. The right effect of [[faith]] in [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is, to quiet and calm the soul, till events shall be timed by Him, who has all times in his own hand and power. Whatever men [[trust]] to for justification, except the righteousness of Christ; or for wisdom, strength, and [[holiness]], except the influences of the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]]; or for happiness, except the favour of [[God]]; that protection in which they thought to shelter themselves, will prove not enough to answer the intention. Those who rest in a righteousness of their own, will have deceived themselves: the bed is too short, the covering too narrow. [[God]] will be glorified in the fulfilling of his counsels. If those that profess to be members of [[God]]'s [[church]], make themselves like [[Philistines]] and Canaanites, they must expect to be dealt with as such. Then dare not to ridicule the reproofs of [[God]]'s word, or the approaches of judgements.
Is. 28:23-29 The husbandman applies to his calling with pains and prudence, in all the works of it according to their nature. Thus the [[Lord]], who has given men this wisdom, is wonderful in counsel, and excellent in his working. As the occasion requires, he threatens, corrects, spares, shows [[mercy]], or executes vengeance. Afflictions are [[God]]'s threshing instruments, to loosen us from the world, to part between us and our chaff, and to prepare us for use. [[God]] will proportion them to our strength; they shall be no heavier than there is need. When his end is answered, the trials and sufferings of his people shall cease; his wheat shall be gathered into the garner, but the chaff shall be burned with unquenchable fire.
----
'''Chapter''' 29
Judgements on [[Jerusalem]] and on its enemies. (Is. 29:1-8) The senselessness and hypocrisy of the [[Jews]]. (Is. 29:9-16) The conversion of the [[Gentiles]], and future blessings for the [[Jews]]. (Is. 29:17-24)
Is. 29:1-8 Ariel may signify the altar of burnt-offerings. Let [[Jerusalem]] know that outward religious services will not make men free from judgements. Hypocrites never can please [[God]], nor make their [[peace]] with him. [[God]] had often and long, by a host of angels, encamped round about [[Jerusalem]] for protection and deliverance; but now he fought against it. Proud looks and proud language shall be brought down by humbling providences. The destruction of [[Jerusalem]]'s enemies is foretold. The army of Sennacherib went as a dream; and thus the multitudes, that through successive ages fight against [[God]]'s altar and worship, shall fall. Speedily will sinners awake from their soothing dreams in the pains of hell.
Is. 29:9-16 The security of sinners in sinful ways, is cause for lamentation and wonder. The learned men, through prejudice, said that the [[Divine]] prophecies were obscure; and the poor urged their want of learning. The [[Bible]] is a sealed book to every man, learned or unlearned, till he begins to study it with a simple [[heart]] and a teachable spirit, that he may thence learn the truth and the will of [[God]]. To [[worship]] [[God]], is to approach him. And if the [[heart]] be full of his [[love]] and fear, out of the abundance of it the mouth will speak; but there are many whose [[religion]] is lip-labour only. When they pretend to be speaking to [[God]], they are thinking of a thousand foolish things. They [[worship]] the [[God]] of [[Israel]] according to their own devices. Numbers are only formal in worship. And their [[religion]] is only to comply with custom, and to serve their own interest. But the wanderings of mind, and defects in devotion, which are the [[believer]]'s burden, are very different from the withdrawing of the [[heart]] from [[God]], so severely blamed. And those who make [[religion]] no more than a pretence, to serve a turn, deceive themselves. And as those that quarrel with [[God]], so those that think to conceal themselves from him, in effect charge him with folly. But all their perVerse conduct shall be entirely done away.
Is. 29:17-24 The wonderful change here foretold, may refer to the affairs of [[Judah]], though it looks further. When a great harvest of souls was gathered to [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] from among the [[Gentiles]], then the wilderness was turned into a fruitful field; and the Jewish [[church]], that had long been a fruitful field, became as a deserted forest. Those who, when in trouble, can truly [[rejoice]] in [[God]], shall soon have cause greatly to [[rejoice]] in him. The [[grace]] of meekness contributes to the increase of our holy joy. The enemies who were powerful shall become mean and weak. To complete the repose of [[God]]'s people, the scorners at home shall be cut off by judgements. All are apt to speak unadvisedly, and to mistake what they hear, but it is very unfair to make a man an offender for a word. They did all they could to bring those into trouble who told them of their faults. But He that redeemed [[Abraham]] out of his snares and troubles, will redeem those who are, by faith, his true seed, out of theirs. It will be the greatest comfort to godly parents to see their [[children]] renewed creatures, the work of [[God]]'s grace. May those who now err in spirit, and murmur against the truth, come to understanding, and learn true doctrine. The [[Spirit]] of truth shall set right their mistakes, and lead them into all truth. This should encourage us to pray for those that have erred, and are deceived. All who murmured at the truths of [[God]], as hard sayings, shall learn and be aware what [[God]] designed in all. See the change [[religion]] produces in the hearts of men, and the [[peace]] and pleasure of a humble and devout spirit.
----
'''Chapter''' 30
The [[Jews]] reproved for seeking aid from [[Egypt]]. (Is. 30:1-7) Judgements in consequence of their contempt of [[God]]'s word. (Is. 30:8-18) [[God]]'s mercies to his [[church]]. (Is. 30:19-26) The ruin of the Assyrian army, and of all [[God]]'s enemies. (Is. 30:27-33)
Is. 30:1-7 It was often the fault and folly of the [[Jews]], that when troubled by their neighbours on one side, they sought for succour from others, instead of looking up to [[God]]. Nor can we avoid the dreadful consequences of adding [[sin]] to [[sin]], but by making the righteousness of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] our refuge, and seeking for the sanctification of the Holy Spirit. Men have always been prone to lean to their own understandings, but this will end in their shame and misery. They would not [[trust]] in [[God]]. They took much pains to gain the [[Egyptians]]. The riches so spent turned to a bad account. See what dangers men run into who forsake [[God]] to follow their carnal confidences. The Creator is the Rock of ages, the creature a broken reed; we cannot expect too little from man, or too much from [[God]]. Our strength is to sit still, in humble dependence upon [[God]] and his goodness, and quiet submission to his will.
Is. 30:8-18 The [[Jews]] were the only professing people [[God]] then had in the world, yet many among them were rebellious. They had the light, but they loved darkness rather. The prophets checked them in their sinful pursuits, so that they could not proceed without fear; this they took amiss. But faithful ministers will not be driven from seeking to awaken sinners. [[God]] is the Holy One of [[Israel]], and so they shall find him. They did not like to hear of his holy [[commandments]] and his hatred of sin; they desired that they might no more be reminded of these things. But as they despised the word of [[God]], their sins undermined their safety. Their state would be dashed in pieces like a potter's vessel. Let us return from our evil ways, and settle in the way of duty; that is the way to be saved. Would we be strengthened, it must be in quietness and in confidence, keeping [[peace]] in our own minds, and relying upon [[God]]. They think themselves wiser than [[God]]; but the project by which they thought to save themselves was their ruin. Only here and there one shall escape, as a warning to others. If men will not repent, turn to [[God]], and seek happiness in his favour and service, their desires will but hasten their ruin. Those who make [[God]] alone their confidence, will have comfort. [[God]] ever waits to be gracious to all that come to him by [[faith]] in [[Christ]], and happy are those who wait for him.
Is. 30:19-26 [[God]]'s people will soon arrive at the [[Zion]] above, and then they will weep no more for ever. Even now they would have more comfort, as well as [[holiness]], if they were more constant in [[prayer]]. A famine of bread is not so great a judgment as a famine of the word of [[God]]. There are right-hand and left-hand errors; the tempter is busy courting us into by-paths. It is happy if, by the counsels of a faithful minister or friend, or the checks of conscience, and the strivings of [[God]] the Spirit, we are set right when doubting, and prevented from going wrong. They shall be cured of their [[idolatry]]. To all true penitents sin becomes very hateful. This is shown daily in the conversion of souls, by the power of [[Divine]] grace, to the [[fear]] and [[love]] of [[God]]. Abundant means of grace, with the influences of the [[Holy Spirit]], would be extended to places destitute of them. The effect of this should be comfort and [[joy]] to the people of [[God]]. Light, that is, knowledge, shall increase. This is the light which the [[gospel]] brought into the world, and which proclaims [[healing]] to the broken-hearted.
Is. 30:27-33 [[God]] curbs and restrains from doing mischief. With a word he guides his people into the right way, but with a bridle he turns his enemies upon their own ruin. Here, in threatening the ruin of Sennacherib's army, the prophet points at the final and everlasting destruction of all impenitent sinners. Tophet was a valley near [[Jerusalem]], where fires were continually burning to destroy things that were hurtful and offensive, and there the idolatrous [[Jews]] caused their [[children]] to pass through the fire to Moloch. This denotes the certainty of the destruction, as an awful emblem of the place of torment in the other world. No oppressor shall escape the [[Divine]] wrath. Let sinners then flee to [[Christ]], seeking to be reconciled to Him, that they may be safe and happy, when destruction from the Almighty shall sweep away all the workers of iniquity.
----
'''Chapter''' 31
The [[sin]] and folly of seeking help from [[Egypt]]. (Is. 31:1-5) [[God]]'s care for [[Jerusalem]]. (Is. 31:6-9)
Is. 31:1-5 [[God]] will oppose the help sought from workers of iniquity. Sinners may be convicted of folly by plain and self-evident truths, which they cannot deny, but will not believe. There is no escaping the judgments of [[God]]; and evil pursues sinners. The [[Lord]] of hosts will come down to fight for Mount [[Zion]]. The Lion of the tribe of [[Judah]] will appear for the defence of his [[church]]. And as birds hovering over their young ones to protect them, with such compassion and affection will the [[Lord]] of hosts defend [[Jerusalem]]. He will so defend it, as to secure its safety.
Is. 31:6-9 They have been backsliding children, yet children; let them return, and their backslidings shall be healed, though they have sunk deep into misery, and cannot easily recover. Many make an idol of their silver and gold, and by the [[love]] of that are drawn from [[God]]; but those who turn to [[God]], will be ready to part with it. Then, when they have cast away their [[idols]], shall the Assyrian fall by the sword of an angel, who strikes more strongly than a mighty man, yet more secretly than a mean man. [[God]] can make the stoutest [[heart]] to tremble. But if we keep up the fire of holy [[love]] and devotion in our hearts and houses, we may depend upon [[God]] to protect us and them.
----
'''Chapter''' 32
Times of [[peace]] and happiness. (Is. 32:1-8) An interval of trouble, yet comfort and blessings in the end. (Is. 32:9-20)
Is. 32:1-8 [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] our righteous King, and his true disciples, are evidently here intended. The consolations and graces of his [[Spirit]] are as rivers of water in this dry land; and as the overhanging rock affords refreshing shade and shelter to the weary traveller in the desert, so his power, truth, and love, yield the [[believer]] the only real protection and refreshment in the weary land through which he journeys to heaven. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] bore the storm himself, to keep it off from us. To him let the trembling sinner flee for refuge; for he alone can protect and refresh us in every trial. See what pains sinners take in sin; they labour at it, their hearts are intent upon it, and with art they work iniquity; but this is our comfort, that they can do no more mischief than [[God]] permits. Let us seek to have our hearts more freed from selfishness. The liberal soul devises liberal things concerning [[God]], and desires that He will grant wisdom and prudence, the comforts of his presence, the influence of his Spirit, and in due time the enjoyment of his glory.
Is. 32:9-20 When there was so much provocation given to the holy [[God]], bad times might be expected. Alas! how many careless ones there are, who support self-indulgence by shameful niggardliness! We deserve to be deprived of the supports of life, when we make them the food of lusts. Let such tremble and be troubled. Blessed times shall be brought in by the pouring out of the [[Spirit]] from on high; then, and not till then, there will be good times. The present state of the [[Jews]] shall continue until a more abundant pouring out of the [[Spirit]] from on high. Peace and quietness shall be found in the way and work of righteousness. True satisfaction is to be had only in true [[religion]]. And real [[holiness]] is real happiness now, and shall be perfect happiness, that is, perfect [[holiness]] for ever. The good seed of the word shall be sown in all places, and be watered by [[Divine]] grace; and laborious, patient labourers shall be sent forth into [[God]]'s husbandry.
----
'''Chapter''' 33
[[God]]'s judgments against the enemies of his [[church]]. (Is. 33:1-14) The happiness of his people. (Is. 33:15-24)
Is. 33:1-14 Here we have the proud and false destroyer justly reckoned with for all his fraud and violence. The righteous [[God]] often pays sinners in their own coin. Those who by [[faith]] humbly wait for [[God]], shall find him gracious to them; as the day, so let the strength be. If [[God]] leaves us to ourselves any morning, we are undone; we must every morning commit ourselves to him, and go forth in his strength to do the work of the day. When [[God]] arises, his enemies are scattered. True wisdom and knowledge lead to strength of [[salvation]], which renders us stedfast in the ways of [[God]]; and true piety is the only treasure which can never be plundered or spent. The distress [[Jerusalem]] was brought into, is described. [[God]]'s time to appear for his people, is, when all other helpers fail. Let all who hear what [[God]] has done, acknowledge that he can do every thing. Sinners in [[Zion]] will have much to answer for, above other sinners. And those that rebel against the commands of the word, cannot take its comforts in time of need. His wrath will burn those everlastingly who make themselves fuel for it. It is a fire that shall never be quenched, nor ever go out of itself; it is the wrath of an ever-living [[God]] preying on the conscience of a never-dying soul.
Is. 33:15-24 The true [[believer]] watches against all occasions of sin. The [[Divine]] power will keep him safe, and his [[faith]] in that power will keep him easy. He shall want nothing needful for him. Every blessing of [[salvation]] is freely bestowed on all that ask with humble, believing [[prayer]]; and the [[believer]] is safe in time and for ever. Those that walk uprightly shall not only have bread given, and their water sure, but they shall, by faith, see the King of kings in his beauty, the beauty of [[holiness]]. The remembrance of the terror they were in, shall add to the pleasure of their deliverance. It is desirable to be quiet in our own houses, but much more so to be quiet in [[God]]'s house; and in every age [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] will have a seed to serve him. [[Jerusalem]] had no large river running by it, but the presence and power of [[God]] make up all wants. We have all in [[God]], all we need, or can desire. By [[faith]] we take Christ for our Prince and [[Saviour]]; he reigns over his redeemed people. All that refuse to have Him to reign over them, make shipwreck of their souls. Sickness is taken away in [[mercy]], when the fruit of it is the taking away of sin. If iniquity be taken away, we have little reason to complain of outward affliction. This last Verse leads our thoughts, not only to the most glorious state of the [[gospel]] [[church]] on earth, but to heaven, where no sickness or trouble can enter. He that blotteth out our transgressions, will heal our souls.
----
'''Chapter''' 34
[[God]]'s vengeance against the enemies of his [[church]]. (Is. 34:1-8) Their desolation. (Is. 34:9-17)
Is. 34:1-8 Here is a prophecy of the wars of the [[Lord]], all which are both righteous and successful. All nations are concerned. And as they have all had the benefit of his patience, so all must expect to feel his resentment. The description of bloodshed suggests tremendous ideas of the [[Divine]] judgments. Idumea here denotes the nations at enmity with the [[church]]; also the kingdom of [[Text:EBD:Antichrist|Antichrist]]. Our thoughts cannot reach the horrors of that awful season, to those found opposing the [[church]] of [[Christ]]. There is a time fixed in the [[Divine]] counsels for the deliverance of the [[church]], and the destruction of her enemies. We must patiently wait till then, and judge nothing before the time. Through [[Christ]], [[mercy]] is exercised to every [[believer]], consistently with justice, and his name is glorified.
Is. 34:9-17 Those who aim to ruin the [[church]], can never do that, but will ruin themselves. What dismal changes [[sin]] can make! It turns a fruitful land into barrenness, a crowded city into a wilderness. Let us compare all we discover in the book of the [[Lord]], with the dealings of providence around us, that we may be more diligent in seeking the kingdom of [[God]] and his righteousness. What the mouth of the [[Lord]] has commanded, his [[Spirit]] will perform. And let us observe how the evidences of the truth continually increase, as one prophecy after another is fulfilled, until these awful scenes bring in more happy days. As [[Israel]] was a figure of the [[Christian]] [[church]], so the Edomites, their bitter enemies, represent the enemies of the kingdom of [[Christ]]. [[God]]'s [[Jerusalem]] may be laid in ruins for a time, but the enemies of the [[church]] shall be desolate for ever.
----
'''Chapter''' 35
The flourishing state of [[Christ]]'s kingdom. (Is. 35:1-4) The privileges of his people. (Is. 35:5-10)
Is. 35:1-4 Judea was prosperous in the days of Hezekiah, but the kingdom of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is the great subject intended. Converting [[grace]] makes the soul that was a wilderness, to [[rejoice]] with [[joy]] and singing, and to blossom abundantly. The feeble and faint-hearted are encouraged. This is the design of the [[gospel]]. Fear is weakening; the more we strive against it, the stronger we are, both for doing and suffering; and he that says to us, Be strong, has laid help for us upon One who is mighty. Assurance is given of the approach of [[Messiah]], to take vengeance on the powers of darkness, to recompense with abundant comforts those that mourn in [[Zion]]; He will come and save. He will come again at the end of time, to punish those who have troubled his people; and to give those who were troubled such rest as will be a full reward for all their troubles.
Is. 35:5-10 When [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] shall come to set up his kingdom in the world, then wonders, great wonders, shall be wrought on men's souls. By the word and [[Spirit]] of [[Christ]], the spiritually blind were enlightened; and those deaf to the calls of [[God]] were made to hear them readily. Those unable to do any thing good, by [[Divine]] [[grace]] were made active therein. Those that knew not how to speak of [[God]] or to [[God]], had their lips opened to show forth his praise. When the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]] came upon the [[Gentiles]] that heard the word, then were the fountains of life opened. Most of the earth is still a desert; neither means of grace, spiritual worshippers, nor fruits of [[holiness]], are to be found in it. But the way of [[religion]] and [[godliness]] shall be laid open. The way of [[holiness]] is the way of [[God]]'s commandment; it is the good old way. And the way to heaven is a plain way. Those knowing but little, and unlearned, shall be kept from missing the road. It shall be a safe way; nothing can do them any real hurt. [[Christ]], the way to [[God]], shall be clearly made known; and the way of a [[believer]]'s duty shall be plainly marked out. Let us then go forward cheerfully, assured that the end of this way shall be everlasting joy, and rest for the soul. Those who by [[faith]] are made citizens of the [[gospel]] [[Zion]], [[rejoice]] in [[Jesus Christ|Christ Jesus]]; and their sorrows and sighs are made to flee away by [[Divine]] consolations. Thus these prophecies conclude. Our joyful hopes and prospects of eternal life should swallow up all the sorrows and all the joys of this present time. But of what avail is it to admire the excellence of [[God]]'s word, unless we can call its precious promises our own? Do we [[love]] [[God]], not only as our Creator, but because he gave his only Son to die for us? And are we walking in the ways of [[holiness]]? Let us try ourselves by such plain questions, rather than spend time on things that may be curious and amusing, but are unprofitable.
----
'''Chapter''' 36
See II Kin. 18:17-37, and the commentary thereon.
----
'''Chapter''' 37
This Chapter is the same as II Kin. 19.
----
'''Chapter''' 38
Hezekiah's sickness and recovery. (Is. 38:1-8) His thanksgiving. (Is. 38:9-22)
Is. 38:1-8 When we pray in our sickness, though [[God]] send not to us such an answer as he here sent to Hezekiah, yet, if by his [[Spirit]] he bids us be of good cheer, assures us that our sins are forgiven, and that, whether we live or die, we shall be his, we do not pray in vain. See II Kin. 20:1-11.
Is. 38:9-22 We have here Hezekiah's thanksgiving. It is well for us to remember the mercies we receive in sickness. Hezekiah records the condition he was in. He dwells upon this; I shall no more see the [[Lord]]. A good man wishes not to live for any other end than that he may serve [[God]], and have communion with him. Our present residence is like that of a shepherd in his hut, a poor, mean, and cold lodging, and with a trust committed to our charge, as the shepherd has. Our days are compared to the weaver's shuttle, Job 7:6, passing and repassing very swiftly, every throw leaving a thread behind it; and when finished, the piece is cut off, taken out of the loom, and showed to our Master to be judged of. A good man, when his life is cut off, his cares and fatigues are cut off with it, and he rests from his labours. But our times are in [[God]]'s hand; he has appointed what shall be the length of the piece. When sick, we are very apt to calculate our time, but are still at uncertainty. It should be more our care how we shall get safe to another world. And the more we taste of the loving-kindness of [[God]], the more will our hearts [[love]] him, and live to him. It was in [[love]] to our poor perishing souls that [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] delivered them. The [[pardon]] does not make the [[sin]] not to have been [[sin]], but not to be punished as it deserves. It is pleasant to think of our recoveries from sickness, when we see them flowing from the [[pardon]] of sin. Hezekiah's opportunity to glorify [[God]] in this world, he made the business, and pleasure, and end of life. Being recovered, he resolves to abound in praising and serving [[God]]. [[God]]'s promises are not to do away, but to quicken and encourage the use of means. Life and health are given that we may glorify [[God]] and do good.
----
'''Chapter''' 39
This Chapter is the same as II Kin. 20:12-19.
----
'''Chapter''' 40
The preaching of the [[gospel]], and glad tidings of the coming of [[Christ]]. (Is. 40:1-11) The almighty power of [[God]]. (Is. 40:12-17) The folly of [[idolatry]]. (Is. 40:18-26) Against unbelief. (Is. 40:27-31)
Is. 40:1-11 All human life is a warfare; the [[Christian]] life is the most so; but the struggle will not last always. Troubles are removed in love, when [[sin]] is [[pardon]] ed. In the great atonement of the [[death]] of [[Christ]], the [[mercy]] of [[God]] is exercised to the [[glory]] of his justice. In [[Christ]], and his sufferings, true penitents receive of the [[Lord]]'s hand double for all their sins; for the satisfaction [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] made by his [[death]] was of infinite value. The prophet had some reference to the return of the [[Jews]] from Babylon. But this is a small event, compared with that pointed out by the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]] in the New Testament, when John the Baptist proclaimed the approach of [[Christ]]. When eastern princes marched through desert countries, ways were prepared for them, and hinderances removed. And may the [[Lord]] prepare our hearts by the teaching of his word and the convictions of his Spirit, that high and proud thoughts may be brought down, good desires planted, crooked and rugged tempers made straight and softened, and every hinderance removed, that we may be ready for his will on earth, and prepared for his heavenly kingdom. What are all that belongs to fallen man, or all that he does, but as the grass and the flower thereof! And what will all the titles and possessions of a dying sinner avail, when they leave him under condemnation! The word of the [[Lord]] can do that for us, which all flesh cannot. The glad tidings of the coming of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] were to be sent forth to the ends of the earth. [[Satan]] is the strong man armed; but our [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] is stronger; and he shall proceed, and do all that he purposes. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is the good Shepherd; he shows tender care for young converts, weak [[believer]]s, and those of a sorrowful spirit. By his word he requires no more service, and by his providence he inflicts no more trouble, than he will strengthen them for. May we know our Shepherd's voice, and follow him, proving ourselves his sheep.
Is. 40:12-17 All created beings shrink to nothing in comparison with the Creator. When the [[Lord]], by his Spirit, made the world, none directed his Spirit, or gave advice what to do, or how to do it. The nations, in comparison of him, are as a drop which remains in the bucket, compared with the vast ocean; or as the small dust in the balance, which does not turn it, compared with all the earth. This magnifies [[God]]'s [[love]] to the world, that, though it is of such small account and value with him, yet, for the redemption of it, he gave his only-begotten Son, John 3:16. The services of the [[church]] can make no addition to him. Our souls must have perished for ever, if the only Son of the Father had not given himself for us.
Is. 40:18-26 Whatever we esteem or love, [[fear]] or [[hope]] in, more than [[God]], that creature we make equal with [[God]], though we do not make images or [[worship]] them. He that is so poor, that he has scarcely a sacrifice to offer, yet will not be without a god of his own. They spared no cost upon their [[idols]]; we grudge what is spent in the service of our [[God]]. To prove the greatness of [[God]], the prophet appeals to all ages and nations. Those who are ignorant of this, are willingly ignorant. [[God]] has the command of all creatures, and of all created things. The prophet directs us to use our reason as well as our senses; to consider who created the hosts of heaven, and to pay our homage to Him. Not one fails to fulfil his will. And let us not forget, that He spake all the promises, and engaged to perform them.
Is. 40:27-31 The people of [[God]] are reproved for their unbelief and distrust of [[God]]. Let them remember they took the names [[Jacob]] and [[Israel]], from one who found [[God]] faithful to him in all his straits. And they bore these names as a people in covenant with Him. Many foolish frets, and foolish fears, would vanish before inquiry into the causes. It is bad to have evil thoughts rise in our minds, but worse to turn them into evil words. What they had known, and had heard, was sufficient to silence all these fears and distrusts. Where [[God]] had begun the work of grace, he will perfect it. He will help those who, in humble dependence on him, help themselves. As the day, so shall the strength be. In the strength of [[Divine]] [[grace]] their souls shall ascend above the world. They shall run the way of [[God]]'s commandments cheerfully. Let us watch against unbelief, pride, and self-confidence. If we go forth in our own strength, we shall faint, and utterly fall; but having our hearts and our hopes in heaven, we shall be carried above all difficulties, and be enabled to lay hold of the prize of our high calling in [[Jesus Christ|Christ Jesus]].
----
'''Chapter''' 41
[[God]]'s care of his people. (Is. 41:1-9) they are encouraged not to fear. (Is. 41:10-20) The vanity and folly of [[idolatry]]. (Is. 41:21-29)
Is. 41:1-9 Can any heathen god raise up one in righteousness, make what use of him he pleases, and make him victorious over the nations? The [[Lord]] did so with [[Abraham]], or rather, he would do so with Cyrus. Sinners encourage one another in the ways of sin; shall not the servants of the living [[God]] stir up one another in his service? [[God]]'s people are the seed of [[Abraham]] his friend. This is certainly the highest title ever given to a mortal. It means that [[Abraham]], by [[Divine]] grace, was made like to [[God]], and that he was admitted to communion with Him. Happy are the servants of the [[Lord]], whom he has called to be his friends, and to walk with him in [[faith]] and holy obedience. Let not such as have thus been favoured yield to fear; for the contest may be sharp, but the victory shall be sure.
Is. 41:10-20 [[God]] speaks with tenderness; Fear thou not, for I am with thee: not only within call, but present with thee. Art thou weak? I will strengthen thee. Art thou in want of friends? I will help thee in the time of need. Art thou ready to fall? I will uphold thee with that right hand which is full of righteousness, dealing forth rewards and punishments. There are those that strive with [[God]]'s people, that seek their ruin. Let not [[God]]'s people render evil for evil, but wait [[God]]'s time. It is the worm [[Jacob]]; so little, so weak, so despised and trampled on by every body. [[God]]'s people are as worms, in humble thoughts of themselves, and in their enemies' haughty thoughts of them; worms, but not vipers, not of the serpent's seed. Every part of [[God]]'s word is calculated to humble man's pride, and to make him appear little in his own eyes. The [[Lord]] will help them, for he is their [[Redeemer]]. The [[Lord]] will make [[Jacob]] to become a threshing instrument. [[God]] will make him fit for use, new, and having sharp spikes. This has fulfilment in the triumphs of the [[gospel]] of [[Christ]], and of all faithful followers of [[Christ]], over the power of darkness. [[God]] has provided comforts to supply all their wants, and to answer all their [[prayer]]s. Our way to heaven lies through the wilderness of this world. The soul of man is in want, and seeks for satisfaction; but becomes weary of seeking that in the world, which is not to be had in it. Yet they shall have a constant supply, where one would least expect it. I will open rivers of grace, rivers of living water, which [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] spake of the [[Spirit]], John 7:38,39. When [[God]] sets up his [[church]] in the Gentile wilderness, there shall be a great change, as if thorns and briers were turned into cedars, and fir-trees, and myrtles. These blessings are kept for the poor in spirit, who long for [[Divine]] enlightening, [[pardon]] , and [[holiness]]. And [[God]] will render their barren souls fruitful in the [[grace]] of his Spirit, that all who behold may consider it.
Is. 41:21-29 There needs no more to show the folly of [[sin]], than to bring to notice the reasons given in defence of it. There is nothing in [[idols]] worthy of regard. They are less than nothing, and worse than nothing. Let the advocates of other doctrines than that of [[salvation]] through [[Christ]], bring their arguments. Can they tell of a cure for human depravity? [[Jehovah]] has power which cannot be withstood; this he will make appear. But the certain knowledge of the future must be only with [[Jehovah]], who fulfils his own plans. All prophecies, except those of the [[Bible]], have been uncertain. In the work of redemption the [[Lord]] showed himself much more than in the release of the [[Jews]] from Babylon. The good tidings the [[Lord]] will send in the [[gospel]], is a mystery hid from ages and generations. A Deliverer is raised up for us, of nobler name and greater power than the deliverer of the captive [[Jews]]. May we be numbered among his obedient servants and faithful friends.
----
'''Chapter''' 42
The character and coming of [[Christ]]. (Is. 42:1-4) The blessings of his kingdom. (Is. 42:5-12) The prevalence of true [[religion]]. (Is. 42:13-17) Unbelief and blindness reproved. (Is. 42:18-25)
Is. 42:1-4 This prophecy was fulfilled in [[Christ]], Matt. 12:17. Let our souls rely on him, and [[rejoice]] in him; then, for his sake, the Father will be well-pleased with us. The [[Holy Spirit]] not only came, but rested upon him, and without measure. He patiently bore the contradiction of sinners. His kingdom is spiritual; he was not to appear with earthly honours. He is tender of those oppressed with doubts and fears, as a bruised reed; those who are as smoking flax, as the wick of a lamp newly lighted, which is ready to go out again. He will not despise them, nor lay upon them more work or more suffering than they can bear. By a long course of [[miracle]]s and his resurrection, he fully showed the truth of his holy [[religion]]. By the power of his [[gospel]] and [[grace]] he fixes principles in the minds of men, which tend to make them wise and just. The most distant nations wait for his law, wait for his [[gospel]], and shall welcome it. If we would make our calling and election sure, and have the Father delight over us for good, we must behold, hear, believe in, and obey [[Christ]].
Is. 42:5-12 The work of redemption brings back man to the obedience he owes to [[God]] as his Maker. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is the light of the world. And by his [[grace]] he opens the understandings [[Satan]] has blinded, and sets at liberty from the bondage of sin. The [[Lord]] has supported his [[church]]. And now he makes new promises, which shall as certainly be fulfilled as the old ones were. When the [[Gentiles]] are brought into the [[church]], he is glorified in them and by them. Let us give to [[God]] those things which are his, taking heed that we do not serve the creature more than the Creator.
Is. 42:13-17 The [[Lord]] will appear in his power and glory. He shall cry, in the preaching of his word. He shall cry aloud in the [[gospel]] woes, which must be preached with [[gospel]] blessings, to awaken a sleeping world. He shall conquer by the power of his Spirit. And those that contradict and blaspheme his [[gospel]], he shall put to silence and shame; and that which hinders its progress shall be taken out of the way. To those who by nature were blind, [[God]] will show the way to life and happiness by [[Jesus]] [[Christ]]. They are weak in knowledge, but He will make darkness light. They are weak in duty, but their way shall be plain. Those whom [[God]] brings into the right way, he will guide in it. This passage is a prophecy, and is also applicable to every [[believer]]; for the [[Lord]] will never leave nor forsake them.
Is. 42:18-25 Observe the call given to this people, and the character given of them. Multitudes are ruined for want of observing that which they cannot but see; they perish, not through ignorance, but carelessness. The [[Lord]] is well-pleased in the making known his own righteousness. For their sins they were spoiled of all their possessions. This fully came to pass in the destruction of the Jewish nation. There is no resisting, nor escaping [[God]]'s anger. See the mischief [[sin]] makes; it provokes [[God]] to anger. And those not humbled by lesser judgments, must expect greater. Alas! how many professed [[Christians]] are blind as the benighted heathen! While the [[Lord]] is well-pleased in saving sinners through the righteousness of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] he will also glorify his justice, by punishing all proud despisers. Seeing [[God]] has poured out his wrath on his once-favoured people, because of their sins, let us fear, lest a promise being left us of entering into his rest, any of us should be found to come short of it.
----
'''Chapter''' 43
[[God]]'s unchangeable [[love]] for his people. (Is. 43:1-7) Apostates and idolaters addressed. (Is. 43:8-13) The deliverance from Babylon, and the conversion of the [[Gentiles]]. (Is. 43:14-21) Admonition to repent of sin. (Is. 43:22-28)
Is. 43:1-7 [[God]]'s favour and good-will to his people speak abundant comfort to all [[believer]]s. The new creature, wherever it is, is of [[God]]'s forming. All who are redeemed with the blood of his Son, he has set apart for himself. Those that have [[God]] for them need not [[fear]] who or what can be against them. What are [[Egypt]] and Ethiopia, all their lives and treasures, compared with the blood of Christ? True [[believer]]s are precious in [[God]]'s sight, his delight is in them, above any people. Though they went as through fire and water, yet, while they had [[God]] with them, they need [[fear]] no evil; they should be born up, and brought out. The faithful are encouraged. They were to be assembled from every quarter. And with this pleasing object in view, the prophet again dissuades from anxious fears.
Is. 43:8-13 Idolaters are called to appear in defence of their [[idols]]. Those who make them, and [[trust]] in them, are like unto them. They have the shape and faculties of men; but they have not common sense. But [[God]]'s people know the power of his grace, the sweetness of his comforts, the kind care of his providence, and the truth of his promise. All servants of [[God]] can give such an account of what he has wrought in them, and done for them, as may lead others to know and believe his power, truth, and love
Is. 43:14-21 The deliverance from Babylon is foretold, but there is reference to greater events. The redemption of sinners by [[Christ]], the conversion of the [[Gentiles]], and the recall of the [[Jews]], are described. All that is to be done to rescue sinners, and to bring the [[believer]] to glory, is little, compared with that wondrous work of love, the redemption of man.
Is. 43:22-28 Those who neglect to call upon [[God]], are weary of him. The Master tired not the servants with his commands, but they tired him with disobedience. What were the riches of [[God]]'s [[mercy]] toward them? I, even I, am he who yet blotteth out thy transgressions. This encourages us to repent, because there is [[forgiveness]] with [[God]], and shows the freeness of [[Divine]] [[mercy]]. When [[God]] forgives, he forgets. It is not for any thing in us, but for his mercies' sake, his promise' sake; especially for his Son's sake. He is pleased to reckon it his honour. Would man justify himself before [[God]]? The attempt is desperate: our first father broke the covenant, and we all have copied his example. We have no reason to expect [[pardon]] , except we seek it by [[faith]] in Christ; and that is always attended by true repentance, and followed by newness of life, by hatred of [[sin]], and [[love]] to [[God]]. Let us then put him in remembrance of the promises he has made to the penitent, and the satisfaction his Son has made for them. Plead these with him in wrestling for [[pardon]] ; and declare these things, that thou mayest be justified freely by his grace. This is the only way, and it is a sure way to [[peace]].
----
'''Chapter''' 44
Here are promises of the influences of the [[Holy Spirit]]. (Is. 44:1-8) An exposure of the folly of [[idolatry]]. (Is. 44:9-20) Also the deliverance of [[God]]'s people. (Is. 44:21-28)
Is. 44:1-8 [[Israel]] is here called Jeshurun, which means "the upright one." Such only are [[Israelites]] indeed, in whom is no guile. Those that serve [[God]] he will own. He will help them over difficulties, and in their services. Water is the emblem of the [[Holy Spirit]]; as water refreshes, cleanses, and makes the earth fruitful, so do his influences the soul. This gift of the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]] is the great blessing, the plentiful pouring out of which [[God]] kept for the latter days. Where [[God]] gives his Spirit, he will give all other blessings. Hereby shall be a great increase of the [[church]]; thus it shall be spread to distant places. Was there any other Rock, or Protector, that could defend them? None besides could foretell these things to come, of which [[God]] by his prophets gave notice. All was set in order in the [[Divine]] predictions, as well as in the [[Divine]] purposes. Could any other have done so? Who can compare with [[Israel]]'s [[Redeemer]] and King?
Is. 44:9-20 Image-making is described, to expose the folly of idolaters. Though a man had used part of a log for fuel, he fell down before an image made of the remainder, praying it to deliver him. Man greatly dishonours [[God]], when he represents him after the image of man. [[Satan]] blinds the eyes of unbelievers, causing absurd reasonings in matters of [[religion]]. Whether men seek happiness in worldly things, or run into unbelief, superstition, or any false system, they feed on ashes. A [[heart]] deceived by pride, [[love]] of [[sin]], and departure from [[God]], turns men aside from his holy truth and worship. While the affections are depraved, a man holds fast the lie as his best treasure. Are our hearts set upon the wealth of the [[world]] and its pleasures? They will certainly prove a lie. If we [[trust]] to outward professions and doings, as if those would save us, we deceive ourselves. Self-suspicion is the first step towards self-deliverance. He that would deliver his soul, must question his conscience, Is there not a lie in my right hand?
Is. 44:21-28 Return unto me. It is the great concern of those who have backslidden from [[God]], like the [[Jews]] of old, to hasten their return to him. The work of redemption wrought for us by [[Christ]], encourages to [[hope]] for all blessings from him. Our transgressions and our sins are as a thick cloud between heaven and earth: sins separate between us and [[God]]; they threaten a storm of wrath. When [[God]] [[pardon]] s [[sin]], he blots out, he dispels this cloud, this thick cloud, so that the way to heaven is open again. The cloud is scattered by the Sun of righteousness; it is quite gone. The comforts that flow into the soul when [[sin]] is [[pardon]] ed, are like clear shining after clouds and rain. Let not [[Israel]] be discouraged; nothing is too hard for [[God]]: having made all, he can make what use he pleases of any. Those that learn to know [[Christ]], see all knowledge to be foolishness, in comparison with the knowledge of him. And his enemies will find their counsels turned into foolishness, and themselves taken in their craftiness. The exact fulfilling the prophecies of Scripture confirms the truth of the whole, and proves its [[Divine]] origin. The particular favours [[God]] designed for his people in captivity, were foretold here, long before they went into captivity. Very great difficulties would be in the way of their deliverance; but it is promised that by [[Divine]] power they should all be removed. [[God]] knew who should be the Deliverer of his people; and let his [[church]] know it, that when they heard such a name talked of, they might know their redemption drew nigh. It is the greatest honour of the greatest men, to be employed as instruments of the [[Divine]] favour to his people. In things wherein men serve themselves, and look no further, [[God]] makes them do all his pleasure. And a nobler Shepherd than Cyrus does his Father's will, till his work is fully completed.
----
'''Chapter''' 45
The deliverance of the [[Jews]] by Cyrus. (Is. 45:1-4) [[God]] calls for obedience to his almighty power. (Is. 45:5-10) The settlement of his people. (Is. 45:11-19) The conversion of the [[Gentiles]]. (Is. 45:20-25)
Is. 45:1-4 Cyrus is called [[God]]'s anointed; he was designed and qualified for his great service by the counsel of [[God]]. The gates of Babylon which led to the river, were left open the night that Cyrus marched his army into the empty channel. The [[Lord]] went before him, giving entrance to the cities he besieged. He gave him also treasures, which had been hidden in secret places. The true [[God]] was to Cyrus an unknown [[God]]; yet [[God]] foreknew him; he called him by his name. The exact fulfilment of this must have shown Cyrus that [[Jehovah]] was the only true [[God]], and that it was for the sake of [[Israel]] that he was prospered. In all the changes of states and kingdoms, [[God]] works out the good of his [[church]].
Is. 45:5-10 There is no [[God]] beside [[Jehovah]]. There is nothing done without him. He makes [[peace]], put here for all good; and creates evil, not the evil of [[sin]], but the evil of punishment. He is the Author of all that is true, holy, good, or happy; and evil, error, and misery, came into the [[world]] by his permission, through the wilful apostacy of his creatures, but are restrained and overruled to his righteous purpose. This doctrine is applied, for the comfort of those that earnestly longed, yet quietly waited, for the redemption of [[Israel]]. The redemption of sinners by the Son of [[God]], and the pouring out the Spirit, to give success to the [[gospel]], are chiefly here intended. We must not expect [[salvation]] without righteousness; together the [[Lord]] hath created them. Let not oppressors oppose [[God]]'s designs for his people. Let not the poor oppressed murmur, as if [[God]] dealt unkindly with them. Men are but earthen pots; they are broken potsherds, and are very much made so by mutual contentions. To contend with Him is as senseless as for clay to find fault with the potter. Let us turn [[God]]'s promises into [[prayer]]s, beseeching him that [[salvation]] may abound among us, and let us rest assured that the Judge of all the earth will do right.
Is. 45:11-19 Believers may ask in [[prayer]] for what they need; if for their good, it will not be withheld. But how common to hear [[God]] called to account for his dealings with man! Cyrus provided for the returning [[Jews]]. Those redeemed by [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] shall be provided for. The restoration would convince many, and convert some; and all that truly join the [[Lord]], find his service perfect freedom. Though [[God]] be his people's [[God]] and [[Saviour]], yet sometimes he lays them under his frowns; but let them wait upon the [[Lord]] who hides his face. There is a [[world]] without end; and it will be well or ill with us, according as it shall be with us in that world. The [[Lord]] we serve and trust, is [[God]] alone. All that [[God]] has said is plain, satisfactory, and just. As [[God]] in his word calls us to seek him, so he never denied believing [[prayer]]s, nor disappointed believing expectations. He gives [[grace]] sufficient, and comfort and satisfaction of soul.
Is. 45:20-25 The nations are exhorted to draw near to [[Jehovah]]. None besides is able to help; he is the [[Saviour]], who can save without the assistance of any, but without whom none can save. If the [[heart]] is brought into the obedience of [[Christ]], the knee will cheerfully obey his commands. To [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] men shall come from every nation for blessings; all that hate his cause shall be put to shame, and all [[believer]]s shall [[rejoice]] in him as their Friend and Portion. All must come to him: may we now come to him as the [[Lord]] our [[Righteousness]], walking according to his commandments.
----
'''Chapter''' 46
The [[idols]] could not save themselves, but [[God]] saves his people. (Is. 46:1-4) The folly of worshipping [[idols]]. (Is. 46:5-13)
Is. 46:1-4 The heathen insulted the [[Jews]], as if their [[idols]] Bel and Nebo were too hard for [[Jehovah]]. But their worshippers cannot help them; both the [[idols]] and the idolaters are gone into captivity. Let not [[God]]'s people be afraid of either. Those things from which ungodly men expect safety and happiness, will be found unable to save them from [[death]] and hell. The true [[God]] will never fail his worshippers. The history of the life of every [[believer]] is a kind of abstract of the history of [[Israel]]. Our spiritual life is upheld by his grace, as constantly as our natural life by his providence. And [[God]] will never leave them. The Author will be the Finisher of their well-being, when, by decays, they need help as much as in infancy. This promise to [[Israel]], enfeebled and grown old as a nation, is applicable to every aged follower of [[Christ]]. When compassed about with infirmities, and perhaps those around begin to grow weary of you, yet I am He that I have promised to be, He that you would have me to be. I will bear you up; carry you on in your way, and carry you home at last. If we learn to [[trust]] in and [[love]] him, we need not be anxious about our remaining days or years; he will still provide for us and watch over us, both as the creatures of his power, and as new-created by his Spirit.
Is. 46:5-13 Here the folly of those who made [[idols]], and then prayed to them, is exposed. How does the profuseness of idolaters shame the niggardliness of many who call themselves [[God]]'s servants, but are for a [[religion]] which costs them nothing! The service of [[sin]] always costs a great deal. [[God]] puts it to them what senseless, helpless things [[idols]] are. Let, then, the [[Jews]] show themselves men, avoiding such abominations. Many Scripture prophecies, delivered long ago, are not yet fulfilled; but the fulfilling of some is an earnest that the rest will come to pass. Nothing can help more to make us easy, than to be assured that [[God]] will do all his pleasure. Even those who know not and mind not [[God]]'s revealed will, are called and used to fulfil the counsels of his secret will. Heaven and earth shall pass away, sooner than one tittle of the word of [[God]]. Obstinate sinners are addressed. Such were far from acceptance, but they were summoned to hearken to the word of the [[Lord]]. The [[salvation]] of a sinner begins with a humble and contrite heart, that trembles at [[God]]'s word, with godly sorrow working true repentance, and [[faith]] in his [[mercy]], through the obedience unto [[death]] of our [[Divine]] Surety. [[Christ]], as the [[Divine]] righteousness and [[salvation]] to his people, would come in the appointed time. His [[salvation]] abides in his [[church]] for all [[believer]]s.
----
'''Chapter''' 47
[[God]]'s judgments on Babylon. (Is. 47:1-6) Carelessness and confidence shall not prevent the evil. (Is. 47:7-15)
Is. 47:1-6 Babylon is represented under the emblem of a female in deep distress. She was to be degraded and endure sufferings; and is represented sitting on the ground, grinding at the handmill, the lowest and most laborious service. [[God]] was righteous in his vengeance, and none should interpose. The prophet exults in the [[Lord]] of hosts, as the [[Redeemer]] and Holy One of [[Israel]]. [[God]] often permits wicked men to prevail against his people; but those who cruelly oppress them will be punished.
Is. 47:7-15 Let us beware of acting and speaking as Babylon did; of trusting in tyranny and oppression; of boasting as to our abilities, relying on ourselves, and ascribing success to our own prudence and wisdom; lest we partake of her plagues. Those in the height of prosperity, are apt to fancy themselves out of the reach of adversity. It is also common for sinners to think they shall be safe, because they think to be secret in wicked ways. But their security shall be their ruin. Let us draw from such passages as the foregoing, those lessons of humility and [[trust]] in [[God]] which they convey. If we believe the word of [[God]], we may know how it will be with the righteous and the wicked to all eternity. We may learn how to escape the wrath to come, to glorify [[God]], to have [[peace]] through life, [[hope]] in death, and everlasting happiness. Let us then stand aloof from all delusions.
----
'''Chapter''' 48
The [[Jews]] reproved for their [[idolatry]]. (Is. 48:1-8) Yet deliverance is promised them. (Is. 48:9-15) Solemn warnings of judgment upon those who persisted in evil. (Is. 48:16-22)
Is. 48:1-8 The [[Jews]] valued themselves on descent from [[Jacob]], and used the name of [[Jehovah]] as their [[God]]. They prided themselves respecting [[Jerusalem]] and the temple, yet there was no [[holiness]] in their lives. If we are not sincere in [[religion]], we do but take the name of the [[Lord]] in vain. By prophecy they were shown how [[God]] would deal with them, long before it came to pass. [[God]] has said and done enough to prevent men's boasting of themselves, which makes the [[sin]] and ruin of the proud worse; sooner or later every mouth shall be stopped, and all become silent before Him. We are all born [[children]] of disobedience. Where original [[sin]] is, actual [[sin]] will follow. Does not the conscience of every man witness to the truth of Scripture? May the [[Lord]] prove us, and render us doers of the word.
Is. 48:9-15 We have nothing ourselves to plead with [[God]], why he should have [[mercy]] upon us. It is for his praise, to the honour of his [[mercy]], to spare. His bringing men into trouble was to do them good. It was to refine them, but not as silver; not so thoroughly as men refine silver. If [[God]] should take that course, they are all dross, and, as such, might justly be put away. He takes them as refined in part only. Many have been brought home to [[God]] as chosen vessels, and a good work of grace begun in them, in the furnace of affliction. It is comfort to [[God]]'s people, that [[God]] will secure his own honour, therefore work deliverance for them. And if [[God]] delivers his people, he cannot be at a loss for instruments to be employed. [[God]] has formed a plan, in which, for his own sake, and the [[glory]] of his grace, he saves all that come to Him.
Is. 48:16-22 The [[Holy Spirit]] qualifies for service; and those may speak boldly, whom [[God]] and his [[Spirit]] send. This is to be applied to [[Christ]]. He was sent, and he had the [[Spirit]] without measure. Whom [[God]] redeems, he teaches; he teaches to profit by affliction, and then makes them partakers of his [[holiness]]. Also, by his [[grace]] he leads them in the way of duty; and by his providence he leads in the way of deliverance. [[God]] did not afflict them willingly. If their sins had not turned them away, their [[peace]] should have been always flowing and abundant. Spiritual enjoyments are ever joined with [[holiness]] of life and regard to [[God]]'s will. It will make the misery of the disobedient the more painful, to think how happy they might have been. And here is assurance given of [[salvation]] out of captivity. Those whom [[God]] designs to bring home to himself, he will take care of, that they want not for their journey. This is applicable to the [[grace]] laid up for us in [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], from whom all good flows to us, as the water to [[Israel]] out of the rock, for that Rock was [[Christ]]. The spiritual blessings of redemption, and the rescue of the [[church]] from [[Text:EBD:[[Text:EBD:Antichrist|Antichrist]]|antichrist]]ian tyranny, are here pointed to. But whatever changes take place, the [[Lord]] warned impenitent sinners that no good would come to them; that inward anguish and outward trouble, which spring from guilt and from the [[Divine]] wrath, must be their portion for ever.
----
'''Chapter''' 49
The unbelief and rejection of the [[Jews]]. (Is. 49:1-6) Gracious promise to the [[Gentiles]]. (Is. 49:7-12) [[God]]'s [[love]] to the [[church]]. (Is. 49:13-17) Its increase. (Is. 49:18-23) And deliverance. (Is. 49:24-26)
Is. 49:1-6 The great Author of redemption shows the authority for his work. The sword of his word slays the lusts of his people, and all at enmity with them. His sharp arrows wound the conscience; but all these wounds will be healed, when the sinner prays to him for [[mercy]]. But even the [[Redeemer]], who spake as never man spake in his personal ministry, often seemed to labour in vain. And if [[Jacob]] will not be brought back to [[God]], and [[Israel]] will not be gathered, still [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] will be glorious. This promise is in part fulfilled in the calling of the [[Gentiles]]. Men perish in darkness. But [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] enlightens men, and so makes them holy and happy.
Is. 49:7-12 The Father is the [[Lord]], the [[Redeemer]], and Holy One of [[Israel]], as sending the Son to be the [[Redeemer]]. Man, whom he came to save, put contempt upon him. To this he submitted for our [[salvation]]. He is a pledge for all the blessings of the covenant; in him [[God]] was reconciling the [[world]] to himself. Pardoning [[mercy]] is a release from the curse of the law; renewing [[grace]] is a release from the dominion of sin: both are from [[Christ]]. He saith to those in darkness, Show yourselves. Not only see, but be seen, to the [[glory]] of [[God]], and your own comforts. Though there are difficulties in the way to heaven, yet the [[grace]] of [[God]] will carry us over them, and make even the mountains a way. This denotes the free invitations and the encouraging promises of the [[gospel]], and the outpouring of the [[Spirit]].
Is. 49:13-17 Let there be universal joy, for [[God]] will have [[mercy]] upon the afflicted, because of his compassion; upon his afflicted, because of his covenant. We have no more reason to question his promise and grace, than we have to question his providence and justice. Be assured that [[God]] has a tender affection for his [[church]] and people; he would not have them to be discouraged. Some mothers do neglect their children; but [[God]]'s compassions to his people, infinitely exceed those of the tenderest parents toward their children. His setting them as a mark on his hand, or a seal upon his arm, denotes his being ever mindful of them. As far as we have scriptural evidence that we belong to his ransomed flock, we may be sure that he will never forsake us. Let us then give diligence to make our calling and election sure, and [[rejoice]] in the [[hope]] and [[glory]] of [[God]].
Is. 49:18-23 [[Zion]] is addressed as an afflicted widow, bereaved of her children. Numbers flock to her, and she is assured that they come to be a comfort to her. There are times when the [[church]] is desolate and few in number; yet its desolations shall not last for ever, and [[God]] will repair them. [[God]] can raise up friends for returning [[Israelites]], even among [[Gentiles]]. They shall bring their children, and make them thy children. Let all deal tenderly and carefully with young converts and beginners in [[religion]]. Princes shall protect the [[church]]. It shall appear that [[God]] is the sovereign [[Lord]] of all. And those who in the exercise of faith, hope, and patience, wait on [[God]] for the fulfilment of his promises, shall never be confounded.
Is. 49:24-26 We were lawful captives to the justice of [[God]], yet delivered by a price of unspeakable value. Here is an express promise: Even the prey of the terrible shall be delivered. We may here view [[Satan]] deprived of his prey, bound and cast into the pit; and all the powers that have combined to enslave, persecute, or corrupt the [[church]], are destroyed; that all the earth may know that our [[Saviour]] and [[Redeemer]] is [[Jehovah]], the mighty One of [[Jacob]]. And every effort we make to rescue our fellow-sinners from the bondage of [[Satan]], is, in some degree, helping forward that great change.
----
'''Chapter''' 50
The rejection of the [[Jews]]. (Is. 50:1-3) The sufferings and exaltation of the [[Messiah]]. (Is. 50:4-9) Consolation to the [[believer]], and warning to the unbeliever. (Is. 50:10,11)
Is. 50:1-3 Those who have professed to be people of [[God]], and seem to be dealt severely with, are apt to complain, as if [[God]] had been hard with them. Here is an answer for such murmurings; [[God]] never deprived any of their advantages, except for their sins. The [[Jews]] were sent into Babylon for their [[idolatry]], a [[sin]] which broke the covenant; and they were at last rejected for crucifying the [[Lord]] of glory. [[God]] called on them to leave their sins, and prevent their own ruin. Last of all, the Son came to his own, but his own received him not. When [[God]] calls men to happiness, and they will not answer, they are justly left to be miserable. To silence doubts concerning his power, proofs of it are given. The wonders which attended his sufferings and death, proclaimed that he was the Son of [[God]], Matt. 27:54.
Is. 50:4-9 As [[Jesus]] was [[God]] and man in one person, we find him sometimes speaking, or spoken of, as the [[Lord]] [[God]]; at other times, as man and the servant of [[Jehovah]]. He was to declare the truths which comfort the broken, contrite heart, those weary of [[sin]], harassed with afflictions. And as the [[Holy Spirit]] was upon him, that he might speak as never man spake; so the same [[Divine]] influence daily wakened him to pray, to preach the [[gospel]], and to receive and deliver the whole will of the Father. The Father justified the Son when he accepted the satisfaction he made for the [[sin]] of man. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] speaks in the name of all [[believer]]s. Who dares to be an enemy to those unto whom he is a Friend? or who will contend with those whom he is an Advocate? Thus St. [[Paul]] applies it, Rom. 8:33.
Is. 50:10,11 A child of [[God]] is afraid of incurring his displeasure. This [[grace]] usually appears most in [[believer]]s when in darkness, when other graces appear not. Those that truly [[fear]] [[God]], obey the voice of [[Christ]]. A sincere servant of [[God]] may for a long time be without views of eternal happiness. What is likely to be an effectual cure in this sad case? Let him [[trust]] in the name of the [[Lord]]; and let him stay himself upon the promises of the covenant, and build his hopes on them. Let him [[trust]] in [[Christ]], [[trust]] in that name of his, The [[Lord]] our [[Righteousness]]; stay himself upon [[God]] as his [[God]], in and through a Mediator. Presuming sinners are warned not to [[trust]] in themselves. Their own merit and sufficiency are light and heat to them. Creature-comforts are as sparks, short-lived, and soon gone; yet the [[children]] of this world, while they last, seek to warm themselves by them, and walk with pride and pleasure in the light of them. Those that make the [[world]] their comfort, and their own righteousness their confidence, will certainly meet with bitterness in the end. A godly man's way may be dark, but his end shall be [[peace]] and everlasting light. A wicked man's way may be pleasant, but his end and abode for ever will be utter darkness.
----
'''Chapter''' 51
Exhortations to [[trust]] the [[Messiah]]. (Is. 51:1-3) The power of [[God]], and the weakness of man. (Is. 51:4-8) [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] defends his people. (Is. 51:9-16) Their afflictions and deliverances. (Is. 51:17-23)
Is. 51:1-3 It is good for those privileged by the new birth, to consider that they were shapen in sin. This should cause low thoughts of ourselves, and high thoughts of [[Divine]] grace. It is the greatest comfort to be made serviceable to the [[glory]] of [[God]]. The more [[holiness]] men have, and the more good they do, the more gladness they have. Let us seriously reflect upon our guilt. To do so will tend to keep the [[heart]] humble, and the conscience awake and tender. They make Christ more precious to the soul, and give strength to our attempts and [[prayer]]s for others.
Is. 51:4-8 The [[gospel]] of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] shall be preached and published. How shall we escape if we neglect it? There is no [[salvation]] without righteousness. The soul shall, as to this world, vanish like smoke, and the body be thrown by like a worn-out garment. But those whose happiness is in [[Christ]]'s righteousness and [[salvation]], will have the comfort of it when time and days shall be no more. Clouds darken the sun, but do not stop its course. The [[believer]] will enjoy his portion, while revilers of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] are in darkness
Is. 51:9-16 The people whom [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] has redeemed with his blood, as well as by his power, will obtain joyful deliverance from every enemy. He that designs such [[joy]] for us at last, will he not work such deliverance in the mean time, as our cases require? In this [[world]] of changes, it is a short step from [[joy]] to sorrow, but in that world, sorrow shall never come in view. They prayed for the display of [[God]]'s power; he answers them with consolations of his grace. Did we dread to [[sin]] against [[God]], we should not [[fear]] the frowns of men. Happy is the man that fears [[God]] always. And [[Christ]]'s [[church]] shall enjoy security by the power and providence of the Almighty.
Is. 51:17-23 [[God]] calls upon his people to mind the things that belong to their everlasting [[peace]]. [[Jerusalem]] had provoked [[God]], and was made to taste the bitter fruits. Those who should have been her comforters, were their own tormentors. They have no patience by which to keep possesion of their own souls, nor any confidence in [[God]]'s promise, by which to keep possession of its comfort. Thou art drunken, not as formerly, with the intoxicating cup of Babylon's idolatries, but with the cup of affliction. Know, then, the cause of [[God]]'s people may for a time seem as lost, but [[God]] will protect it, by convincing the conscience, or confounding the projects, of those that strive against it. The oppressors required souls to be subjected to them, that every man should believe and [[worship]] as they would have them. But all they could gain by violence was, that people were brought to outward hypocritical conformity, for consciences cannot be forced.
----
'''Chapter''' 52
The welcome news of [[Christ]]'s kingdom. (Is. 52:1-12) The humiliation of the [[Messiah]]. (Is. 52:13-15)
Is. 52:1-12 The [[gospel]] proclaims liberty to those bound with fears. Let those weary and heavy laden under the burden of [[sin]], find relief in [[Christ]], shake themselves from the dust of their doubts and fears, and loose themselves from those bands. The price paid by the [[Redeemer]] for our [[salvation]], was not silver or gold, or corruptible things, but his own precious blood. Considering the freeness of this [[salvation]], and how hurtful to temporal comfort sins are, we shall more value the redemption which is in [[Christ]]. Do we seek victory over every [[sin]], recollecting that the [[glory]] of [[God]] requires [[holiness]] in every follower of Christ? The good news is, that the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] reigns. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] himself brought these tidings first. His ministers proclaim these good tidings: keeping themselves clean from the pollutions of the world, they are beautiful to those to whom they are sent. [[Zion]]'s watchmen could scarcely discern any thing of [[God]]'s favour through the dark cloud of their afflictions; but now the cloud is scattered, they shall plainly see the performance. [[Zion]]'s waste places shall then [[rejoice]]; all the [[world]] will have the benefit. This is applied to our [[salvation]] by [[Christ]]. Babylon is no place for [[Israelites]]. And it is a call to all in the bondage of [[sin]] and [[Satan]], to use the liberty [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] has proclaimed. They were to go with diligent haste, not to lose time nor linger; but they were not to go with distrustful haste. Those in the way of duty, are under [[God]]'s special protection; and he that believes this, will not hasten for fear.
Is. 52:13-15 Here begins that wonderful, minute, and faithful description of the office, character, and [[glory]] of the [[Messiah]], which has struck conviction to many of the most hardened unbelievers. Christ is [[Wisdom]] itself; in the work of our redemption there appeared the wisdom of [[God]] in a mystery. Those that saw him, said, Surely never man looked so miserable: never was sorrow like unto his sorrow. But [[God]] highly exalted him. That shall be discovered by the [[gospel]] of [[Christ]], which could never be told in any other way. And [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] having once shed his blood for sinners, its power still continues. May all opposers see the wisdom of ceasing from their opposition, and be made partakers of the blood of sprinkling, and the baptism of the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]]; obeying him, and praising his [[salvation]].
----
'''Chapter''' 53
The person. (Is. 53:1-3) sufferings. (Is. 53:4-9) humiliation, and exaltation of [[Christ]], are minutely described; with the blessings to mankind from his death. (Is. 53:10-12)
Is. 53:1-3 No where in all the Old Testament is it so plainly and fully prophesied, that [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] ought to suffer, and then to enter into his glory, as in this Chapter. But to this day few discern, or will acknowledge, that [[Divine]] power which goes with the word. The authentic and most important report of [[salvation]] for sinners, through the Son of [[God]], is disregarded. The low condition he submitted to, and his appearance in the world, were not agreeable to the ideas the [[Jews]] had formed of the [[Messiah]]. It was expected that he should come in pomp; instead of that, he grew up as a plant, silently, and insensibly. He had nothing of the [[glory]] which one might have thought to meet with him. His whole life was not only humble as to outward condition, but also sorrowful. Being made [[sin]] for us, he underwent the sentence [[sin]] had exposed us to. Carnal hearts see nothing in the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] to desire an interest in him. Alas! by how many is he still despised in his people, and rejected as to his doctrine and authority!
Is. 53:4-9 In these Verses is an account of the sufferings of Christ; also of the design of his sufferings. It was for our sins, and in our stead, that our [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] suffered. We have all sinned, and have come short of the [[glory]] of [[God]]. Sinners have their beloved [[sin]], their own evil way, of which they are fond. Our sins deserve all griefs and sorrows, even the most severe. We are saved from the ruin, to which by [[sin]] we become liable, by laying our sins on [[Christ]]. This atonement was to be made for our sins. And this is the only way of [[salvation]]. Our sins were the thorns in [[Christ]]'s head, the nails in his hands and feet, the spear in his side. He was delivered to [[death]] for our offences. By his sufferings he purchased for us the [[Spirit]] and [[grace]] of [[God]], to mortify our corruptions, which are the distempers of our souls. We may well endure our lighter sufferings, if He has taught us to esteem all things but loss for him, and to [[love]] him who has first loved us.
Is. 53:10-12 Come, and see how [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] loved us! We could not put him in our stead, but he put himself. Thus he took away the [[sin]] of the world, by taking it on himself. He made himself subject to death, which to us is the wages of sin. Observe the graces and glories of his state of exaltation. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] will not commit the care of his family to any other. [[God]]'s purposes shall take effect. And whatever is undertaken according to [[God]]'s pleasure shall prosper. He shall see it accomplished in the conversion and [[salvation]] of sinners. There are many whom Christ justifies, even as many as he gave his life a ransom for. By [[faith]] we are justified; thus [[God]] is most glorified, free [[grace]] most advanced, self most abased, and our happiness secured. We must know him, and believe in him, as one that bore our sins, and saved us from sinking under the load, by taking it upon himself. Sin and [[Satan]], [[death]] and hell, the [[world]] and the flesh, are the strong foes he has vanquished. What [[God]] designed for the [[Redeemer]] he shall certainly possess. When he led captivity captive, he received gifts for men, that he might give gifts to men. While we survey the sufferings of the Son of [[God]], let us remember our long catalogue of transgressions, and consider him as suffering under the load of our guilt. Here is laid a firm foundation for the trembling sinner to rest his soul upon. We are the purchase of his blood, and the monuments of his grace; for this he continually pleads and prevails, destroying the works of the devil.
----
'''Chapter''' 54
The increase of the [[church]] by the conversion of the [[Jews]] and [[Gentiles]]. (Is. 54:1-5) Its certain deliverance. (Is. 54:6-10) Its triumphant state is described. (Is. 54:11-17)
Is. 54:1-5 Observe the low state of [[religion]] in the world, for a long time before [[Christianity]] was brought in. But by preaching the [[gospel]], multitudes were converted from [[idols]] to the living [[God]]. This is matter of great rejoicing to the [[church]]. The bounds of the [[church]] were extended. Though its state on earth is but mean and movable, like a tent or tabernacle, it is sometimes a growing state, and must be enlarged as the family increases. But the more numerous the [[church]] grows, the more she must fortify herself against errors and corruptions. Thy Maker is thy Husband. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is the Holy One of [[Israel]], the Mediator of the covenant made with the Old Testament [[church]]. Long he had been called the [[God]] of [[Israel]]; but now he shall be called the [[God]] of the whole earth. And he will cleanse from [[sin]], and cause every true [[believer]] to [[rejoice]] in this sacred union. We never can enough admire this [[mercy]], or duly value this privilege.
Is. 54:6-10 As [[God]] is slow to anger, so he is swift to show [[mercy]]. And how sweet the returns of [[mercy]] would be, when [[God]] should come and comfort them! He will have [[mercy]] on them. [[God]]'s gathering his people takes rise from his [[mercy]], not any merit of theirs; and it is with great mercies, with everlasting kindness. The wrath is little, the mercies great; the wrath for a moment, the kindness everlasting. We are neither to despond under afflictions, nor to despair of relief. Mountains have been shaken and removed, but the promises of [[God]] never were broken by any event. Mountains and hills also signify great men. Creature-confidences shall fail; but when our friends fail us, our [[God]] does not. All this is alike applicable to the [[church]] at large, and to each [[believer]]. [[God]] will rebuke and correct his people for sins; but he will not cast them off. Let this encourage us to give the more diligence to make our calling and election sure.
Is. 54:11-17 Let the people of [[God]], when afflicted and tossed, think they hear [[God]] speaking comfortably to them by these words, taking notice of their griefs and fears. The [[church]] is all glorious when full of the knowledge of [[God]]; for none teaches like him. It is a promise of the teaching and gifts of the [[Holy Spirit]]. All that are taught of [[God]] are taught to [[love]] one another. This seems to relate especially to the glorious times to succeed the tribulations of the [[church]]. Holiness, more than any thing, is the beauty of the [[church]]. [[God]] promises protection. There shall be no fears within; there shall be no fightings without. Military men value themselves on their splendid titles, but [[God]] calls them, "Wasters made to destroy," for they make wasting and destruction their business. He created them, therefore he will serve his own designs by them. The day is coming when [[God]] will reckon with wicked men for their hard speeches, Jude 1:15. Security and final victory are the heritage of each faithful servant of the [[Lord]]. The righteousness by which they are justified, and the [[grace]] by which they are sanctified, are the gift of [[God]], and the effect of his special love. Let us beseech him to sanctify our souls, and to employ us in his service.
----
'''Chapter''' 55
An invitation to receive freely the blessings of the [[Saviour]]. (Is. 55:1-5) Gracious offers of [[pardon]] and [[peace]]. (Is. 55:6-13)
Is. 55:1-5 All are welcome to the blessings of [[salvation]], to whom those blessings are welcome. In [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] there is enough for all, and enough for each. Those satisfied with the world, that see no need of [[Christ]], do not thirst. They are in no uneasiness about their souls: but where [[God]] gives grace, he gives a thirst after it; and where he has given a thirst after it, he will give it. Come to [[Christ]], for he is the Fountain opened, he is the Rock smitten. Come to holy ordinances, to the streams that make glad the city of our [[God]]. Come to the healing waters, come to the living waters, Rev. 22:17. Our [[Saviour]] referred to this, John 7:37. Come, and buy; make it your own by application of the [[grace]] of the [[gospel]] to yourselves. Come, and eat; make it still more your own, and enjoy it. The [[world]] comes short of our expectations; we promise ourselves, at least, water in it, and we are disappointed; but [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] outdoes our expectations. We come to him, and we find wine and milk. The gifts offered to us are such as no price can be set upon. The things offered are already paid for; for [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] purchased them at the full price of his own blood, I Pet. 1:19. Our wants are beyond number, and we have nothing to supply them; if [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] and heaven are ours, we see ourselves for ever indebted to free grace. Hearken diligently; let the proud [[heart]] stoop; not only come, but accept [[God]]'s offers. All the wealth and pleasure in the world, will not yield solid comfort and content to the soul. They do not satisfy even the appetites of the body; for all is vanity and vexation. Let the disappointments we meet with in the world, help to drive us to [[Christ]], and to seek for satisfaction in him only. Then, and not before, we shall find rest for our souls. Hear, and your soul shall live. On what easy terms is happiness offered us! By the sure mercies of [[David]], we are to understand the [[Messiah]]. All his mercies are covenant mercies; they are purchased by him, they are promised in him, and out of his hand they are dispensed to us. We know not how to find the way to the waters, but [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is given to be a Leader, a Commander, to show us what to do, and enable us to do it. Our business is to obey him, and follow him. And there is no coming to the Father but by him. He is the Holy One of [[Israel]], true to his promises; and he has promised to glorify [[Christ]], by giving him the heathen for his inheritance.
Is. 55:6-13 Here is a gracious offer of [[pardon]] , and [[peace]], and of all happiness. It shall not be in vain to seek [[God]], now his word is calling to us, and his [[Spirit]] is striving with us. But there is a day coming when he will not be found. There may come such a time in this life; it is certain that at [[death]] and judgment the door will be shut. There must be not only a change of the way, but a change of the mind. We must alter our judgments about persons and things. It is not enough to break off from evil practices, we must strive against evil thoughts. To repent is to return to our [[Lord]], against whom we have rebelled. If we do so, [[God]] will multiply to [[pardon]] , as we have multiplied to offend. But let none trifle with this plenteous [[mercy]], or use it as an occasion to sin. Men's thoughts concerning [[sin]], [[Christ]], and [[holiness]], concerning this [[world]] and the other, vastly differ from [[God]]'s; but in nothing more than in the matter of [[pardon]] . We forgive, and cannot forget; but when [[God]] forgives [[sin]], he remembers it no more. The power of his word in the kingdoms of providence and grace, is as certain as in that of nature. Sacred truth produces a spiritual change in the mind of men, which neither rain nor snow can make on the earth. It shall not return to the [[Lord]] without producing important effects. If we take a special view of the [[church]], we shall find what great things [[God]] has done, and will do for it. The [[Jews]] shall come to their own land; this shall represent the blessings promised. [[Gospel]] [[grace]] will make a great change in men. Delivered from the wrath to come, the converted sinner finds [[peace]] in his conscience; and [[love]] constrains him to devote himself to the service of his [[Redeemer]]. Instead of being profane, contentious, selfish, or sensual, behold him patient, humble, kind, and [[peace]]able. The [[hope]] of helping in such a work should urge us to spread the [[gospel]] of [[salvation]]. And do thou help us, O [[Spirit]] of all truth, to have such views of the fulness, freeness, and greatness of the rich [[mercy]] in [[Christ]], as may remove from us all narrow views of sovereign grace.
----
'''Chapter''' 56
A charge to keep the [[Divine]] precepts. (Is. 56:1,2) Blessings promised. (Is. 56:3-8) Reproof to the careless watchmen, the teachers and rulers of the [[Jews]]. (Is. 56:9-12)
Is. 56:1,2 The [[Lord]] tells us what are his expectations of duty from us. Be honest and just in all dealings. Also strictly observe the sabbath day. To have the blessing of [[God]] upon employments all the week, make conscience of keeping the sabbath holy. Have nothing to do with sin. Blessed is the man that keeps his hand from all things displeasing to [[God]] and hurtful to his own soul. Those who, through the [[Spirit]], wait for the [[hope]] of righteousness by faith, will be found walking in ways of holy obedience.
Is. 56:3-8 Unbelief often suggests things to discourage [[believer]]s, against which [[God]] has expressly guarded. Spiritual blessings are unspeakably better than having sons and daughters; for [[children]] are a care, and may prove a grief and shame, but the blessings we partake of in [[God]]'s house, are comforts which cannot be made bitter. Those who [[love]] the [[Lord]] truly, will serve him faithfully, and then his [[commandments]] are not grievous. Three things are promised. Assistance: I will not only bid them welcome, but incline them to come. Acceptance, and comfort: though they came mourning to the house of [[prayer]], they shall go away rejoicing. They shall find ease by casting their cares and burdens upon [[God]]. Many a sorrowful spirit has been made joyful in the house of [[prayer]]. The [[Gentiles]] shall be one body with the [[Jews]], that, as [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] says, John 10:16, there may be one fold and one Shepherd. Thanks be to [[God]] that none are separated from him except by wilful [[sin]] and unbelief; and if we come to him, we shall be accepted through the sacrifice of our great High Priest.
Is. 56:9-12 Desolating judgments are called for; and this severe rebuke of the rulers and teachers of the Jewish [[church]], is applicable to other ages and places. It is bad with a people when their shepherds slumber, and are eager after the world. Let us pray the Great Shepherd to send us pastors after his own heart, who will feed us with knowledge, that we may [[rejoice]] in his holy name, and that [[believer]]s may be daily added to the [[church]].
----
'''Chapter''' 57
The blessed [[death]] of the righteous. (Is. 57:1,2) The abominable idolatries of the Jewish nation. (Is. 57:3-12) Promises to the humble and contrite. (Is. 57:13-21)
Is. 57:1,2 The righteous are delivered from the sting of death, not from the stroke of it. The careless [[world]] disregards this. Few lament it as a public loss, and very few notice it as a public warning. They are taken away in compassion, that they may not see the evil, nor share in it, nor be tempted by it. The righteous man, when he dies, enters into [[peace]] and rest.
Is. 57:3-12 The [[Lord]] here calls apostates and hypocrites to appear before him. When reproved for their sins, and threatened with judgments, they ridiculed the word of [[God]]. The [[Jews]] were guilty of [[idolatry]] before the captivity; but not after that affliction. Their zeal in the [[worship]] of false gods, may shame our indifference in the [[worship]] of the true [[God]]. The service of [[sin]] is disgraceful slavery; those who thus debase themselves to hell, will justly have their portion there. Men incline to a [[religion]] that inflames their unholy passions. They are led to do any evil, however great or vile, if they think it will atone for crimes, or purchase indulgence for some favourite lust. This explains [[idolatry]], whether pagan, Jewish, or [[Text:EBD:[[Text:EBD:Antichrist|Antichrist]]|antichrist]]ian. But those who set up anything instead of [[God]], for their [[hope]] and confidence, never will come to a right end. Those who forsake the only right way, wander in a thousand by-paths. The pleasures of sin soon tire, but never satisfy. Those who care not for the word of [[God]] and his providences, show they have no [[fear]] of [[God]]. Sin profits not; it ruins and destroys.
Is. 57:13-21 The [[idols]] and their worshippers shall come to nothing; but those who [[trust]] in [[God]]'s grace, shall be brought to the joys of heaven. With the [[Lord]] there is neither beginning of days, nor end of life, nor change of time. His name is holy, and all must know him as a holy [[God]]. He will have tender regard to those who bring their mind to their condition, and dread his wrath. He will make his abode with those whose hearts he has thus humbled, in order to revive and comfort them. When troubles last long, even good men are tempted to entertain hard thoughts of [[God]]. Therefore He will not contend for ever, for he will not forsake the work of his own hands, nor defeat the purchase of his Son's blood. Covetousness is a [[sin]] that particularly lays men under the [[Divine]] displeasure. See the sinfulness of sin. See also that troubles cannot reform men unless [[God]]'s [[grace]] work in them. Peace shall be published, perfect [[peace]]. It is the fruit of preaching lips, and praying lips. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] came and preached [[peace]] to [[Gentiles]], as well as to the [[Jews]]; to after-ages, who were afar off in time, as well as to those of that age. But the wicked would not be healed by [[God]]'s grace, therefore would not be healed by his comforts. Their ungoverned lusts and passions made them like the troubled sea. Also the terrors of conscience disturbed their enjoyments. [[God]] hath said it, and all the [[world]] cannot unsay it, That there is no [[peace]] to those who allow themselves in any sin. If we are recovered from such an awful state, it is only by the [[grace]] of [[God]]. And the influences of the [[Holy Spirit]], and that new heart, from whence comes grateful praise, the fruit of our lips, are his gift. Salvation, with all its fruits, hopes, and comforts, is his work, and to him belongs all the glory. There is no [[peace]] for the wicked man; but let the wicked forsake his way, and the unrighteous man his thoughts; and let him return to the [[Lord]], and he will have [[mercy]] upon him, and to our [[God]], and he will abundantly [[pardon]] .
----
'''Chapter''' 58
Hypocrisy reproved. (Is. 58:1,2) A counterfeit and a true fast, with promises to real [[godliness]], and, (Is. 58:3-12) to the keeping the sabbath. (Is. 58:13,14)
Is. 58:1,2 The [[Holy Spirit]] had hypocrites of every age in view. Self-love and timid [[Christians]] may say, Spare thyself; dislike to the cross and other motives will say, "Spare the rich and powerful;" but [[God]] says, "Spare not:" and we must obey [[God]], not men. We all need earnestly to pray for [[God]]'s assistance in examining ourselves. Men may go far toward heaven, yet come short; and they may go to hell with a good reputation.
Is. 58:3-12 A fast is a day to afflict the soul; if it does not express true sorrow for [[sin]], and does not promote the putting away of [[sin]], it is not a fast. These professors had shown sorrow on stated or occasioned fasts. But they indulged pride, covetousness, and malignant passions. To be liberal and merciful is more acceptable to [[God]] than mere fasting, which, without them, is vain and hypocritical. Many who seem humble in [[God]]'s house, are hard at home, and harass their families. But no man's [[faith]] justifies, which does not work by love. Yet persons, families, neighbourhoods, [[church]]es, or nations, show [[Repentance|repentance]] and sorrow for [[sin]], by keeping a fast sincerely, and, from right motives, repenting, and doing good works. The heavy yoke of sin and oppression must be removed. As [[sin]] and sorrow dry the bones and weaken the strongest human constitution; so the duties of kindness and charity strengthen and refresh both body and mind. Those who do justly and [[love]] [[mercy]], shall have the comfort, even in this world. Good works will bring the blessing of [[God]], provided they are done from [[love]] to [[God]] and man, and wrought in the soul by the [[Holy Spirit]].
Is. 58:13,14 The sabbath is a sign between [[God]] and his professing people; his appointing it is a sign of his favour to them; and their observing it is a sign of their obedience to him. We must turn from travelling on that day; from doing our pleasure on that holy day, without the control and restraint of conscience; or from indulging in the pleasures of sense. On sabbath days we must not follow our callings, or our pleasures. In all we say and do, we must put a difference between this day and other days. Even in Old Testament times the sabbath was called the [[Lord]]'s day, and is fitly called so still; and for a further reason, it is the [[Lord]] [[Christ]]'s day, Rev. 1:10. If we thus remember the sabbath day to keep it holy, we shall have the comfort and profit of it, and have reason to say, It is good to draw near to [[God]].
----
'''Chapter''' 59
Reproofs of [[sin]] and wickedness. (Is. 59:1-8) Confession of [[sin]], and lamentation for the consequences. (Is. 59:9-15) Promises of deliverance. (Is. 59:16-21)
Is. 59:1-8 If our [[prayer]]s are not answered, and the [[salvation]] we wait for is not wrought for us, it is not because [[God]] is weary of hearing [[prayer]], but because we are weary of praying. See here [[sin]] in true colours, exceedingly sinful; and see [[sin]] in its consequences, exceedingly hurtful, separating from [[God]], and so separating us, not only from all good, but to all evil. Yet numbers feed, to their own destruction, on infidel and wicked systems. Nor can their skill or craft, in devising schemes, as the spider weaves its web, deliver or save them. No schemes of self-wrought [[salvation]] shall avail those who despise the [[Redeemer]]'s robe of righteousness. Every man who is destitute of the [[Spirit]] of [[Christ]], runs swiftly to evil of some sort; but those regardless of [[Divine]] truth and justice, are strangers to [[peace]].
Is. 59:9-15 If we shut our eyes against the light of [[Divine]] truth, it is just with [[God]] to hide from our eyes the things that belong to our [[peace]]. The sins of those who profess themselves [[God]]'s people, are worse than the sins of others. And the sins of a nation bring public judgments, when not restrained by public justice. Men may murmur under calamities, but nothing will truly profit while they reject [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] and his [[gospel]].
Is. 59:16-21 This passage is connected with the following Chapters. It is generally thought to describe the coming of the [[Messiah]], as the Avenger and Deliverer of his [[church]]. There was none to intercede with [[God]] to turn away his wrath; none to interpose for the support of justice and truth. Yet He engaged his own strength and righteousness for his people. [[God]] will make his justice upon the enemies of his [[church]] and people plainly appear. When the enemy threatens to bear down all without control, then the [[Spirit]] of the [[Lord]] shall stop him, put him to flight. He that has delivered, will still deliver. A far more glorious [[salvation]] is promised to be wrought out by the [[Messiah]] in the fulness of time, which all the prophets had in view. The Son of [[God]] shall come to us to be our [[Redeemer]]; the [[Spirit]] of [[God]] shall come to be our Sanctifier: thus the Comforter shall abide with the [[church]] for ever, John 14:16. The word of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] will always continue in the mouths of the faithful; and whatever is pretended to be the mind of the Spirit, must be tried by the Scriptures. We must lament the progress of infidelity and impiety. But the cause of the [[Redeemer]] shall gain a complete victory even on earth, and the [[believer]] will be more than conqueror when the [[Lord]] receives him to his [[glory]] in heaven.
----
'''Chapter''' 60
The glories of the [[church]] of [[God]], when the fulness of the [[Gentiles]] shall come in. (Is. 60:1-8) and the [[Jews]] shall be converted and gathered from their dispersions. (Is. 60:9-14) and the kingdoms of this [[world]] shall become the kingdom of our [[Lord]], and of his [[Christ]]. (Is. 60:15-22)
Is. 60:1-8 As far as we have the knowledge of [[God]] in us, and the favour of [[God]] towards us, our light is come. And if [[God]]'s [[glory]] is seen upon us to our honour, we ought, not only with our lips, but in our lives, to return its praise. We meet with nothing in the history of the [[Jews]] which can be deemed a fulfilment of the prophecy in this Chapter; we must conclude it relates principally to future events. It predicts the purity and enlargement of the [[church]]. The conversion of souls is here described. They fly to [[Christ]], to the [[church]], to the word and ordinances, as doves to their own home; thither they fly for refuge and shelter, thither they fly for rest. What a pleasant sight to see poor souls hastening to Christ!
Is. 60:9-14 [[God]] will be very gracious. We must begin with his promise, thence all mercies take rise. Many shall be brought into the [[church]], even from far countries. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] is always ready to receive all who come to him; and the gate of [[mercy]] is always open, night and day. All that are about the [[church]] shall be made serviceable to it. But those who will not be subject to [[Christ]]'s golden sceptre, to his word and Spirit, who will not be kept in by the laws and rules of his family, shall be broken in pieces by his iron rod. The peculiar advantages of every nation, and of every description of men, shall join to beautify the [[church]] of [[Christ]]. We must suppose this to be accomplished in the beauties of [[holiness]], and the graces and comforts of the [[Spirit]], with which [[gospel]] ordinances are adorned and enriched. Blessed be his name, the gates of [[Zion]] are ever open to returning sinners.
Is. 60:15-22 We must look for the full accomplishment in times and things, exceeding those of the Old Testament [[church]]. The nations and their kings shall lay themselves out for the good of the [[church]]. Such a [[salvation]], such a redemption, shall be wrought out for thee, as discovers itself to be the work of the [[Lord]]. Every thing shall be changed for the better. In thy land shall no more be heard threats of those that do violence, nor complaints of those that suffer violence. Thy walls shall be means of safety, thy gates shall be written upon with praises to [[God]]. In the close of this Chapter are images and expressions used in the description of the New [[Jerusalem]], Rev. 21:23; 22:5. Nothing can answer to this but some future glorious state of the [[church]] on earth, or the state of the [[church]] triumphant in heaven. Those that make [[God]] their only light, shall have him their all-sufficient light. And the happiness shall know no change or alloy. No people on earth are all righteous; but there are no mixtures in heaven. They shall be wholly righteous. The spirits of just men shall there be made perfect. The [[glory]] of the [[church]] shall be to the honour of [[God]]. When it shall be finished, it will appear a work of wonder. It may seem too difficult to be brought about, but the [[God]] of almighty power has undertaken it. It may seem to be delayed and put off; but the [[Lord]] will hasten it in the time appointed by his wisdom, though not in the time prescribed by our folly. Let this [[hope]] cheer us under all difficulties, and stir us up to all diligence, that we may have an abundant entrance into this everlasting kingdom of our [[Lord]] and [[Saviour]] [[Jesus]] [[Christ]].
----
'''Chapter''' 61
The [[Messiah]], his character and office. (Is. 61:1-3) His promises of the future blessedness of the [[church]]. (Is. 61:4-9) The [[church]] praises [[God]] for these mercies. (Is. 61:10,11)
Is. 61:1-3 The prophets had the [[Holy Spirit]] of [[God]] at times, teaching them what to say, and causing them to say it; but [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] had the [[Spirit]] always, without measure, to qualify him, as man, for the work to which he was appointed. The poor are commonly best disposed to receive the [[gospel]], James 2:5; and it is only likely to profit us when received with meekness. To such as are poor in spirit, [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] preached good tidings when he said, Blessed are the meek. [[Christ]]'s satisfaction is accepted. By the dominion of [[sin]] in us, we are bound under the power of [[Satan]]; but the Son is ready, by his Spirit, to make us free; and then we shall be free indeed. Sin and [[Satan]] were to be destroyed; and Christ triumphed over them on his cross. But the [[children]] of men, who stand out against these offers, shall be dealt with as enemies. [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] was to be a Comforter, and so he is; he is sent to comfort all who mourn, and who seek to him, and not to the world, for comfort. He will do all this for his people, that they may abound in the fruits of righteousness, as the branches of [[God]]'s planting. Neither the [[mercy]] of [[God]], the atonement of [[Christ]], nor the [[gospel]] of grace, profit the self-sufficient and proud. They must be humbled, and led to know their own character and wants, by the [[Holy Spirit]], that they may see and feel their need of the sinner's Friend and [[Saviour]]. His doctrine contains glad tidings indeed to those who are humbled before [[God]].
Is. 61:4-9 Promises are here made to the [[Jews]] returned out of captivity, which extend to all those who, through grace, are delivered out of spiritual thraldom. An unholy soul is like a city that is broken down, and has no walls, like a house in ruins; but by the power of [[Christ]]'s [[gospel]] and grace, it is fitted to be a habitation of [[God]], through the [[Spirit]]. When, by the [[grace]] of [[God]], we attain to holy indifference as to the affairs of this world; when, though our hands are employed about them, our hearts are not entangled with them, but preserved entire for [[God]] and his service, then the sons of the alien are our ploughmen and vine-dressers. Those whom He sets at liberty, he sets to work. His service is perfect freedom; it is the greatest honour. All [[believer]]s are made, to our [[God]], kings and priests; and always ought to conduct themselves as such. Those who have the [[Lord]] for their portion, have reason to say, that they have worthy portion, and to [[rejoice]] in it. In the fulness of heaven's joys we shall receive more than double for all our services and sufferings. [[God]] desires truth, and therefore hates all injustice. Nor will it justify any man's robbery to say, it was for burnt-offerings; and that robbery is most hateful which is under this pretence. Let the [[children]] of godly parents be such, that all may see the fruits of a good education; an answer to the [[prayer]]s for them, in the fruit of [[God]]'s blessing.
Is. 61:10,11 Those only shall be clothed with the garments of [[salvation]] hereafter, that are covered with the robe of [[Christ]]'s righteousness now, and by the sanctification of the [[Spirit]] have [[God]]'s image renewed upon them. These blessings shall spring forth for ages to come, as the fruits of the earth. So duly, so constantly, and with such advantage to mankind, will the [[Lord]] [[God]] cause righteousness and praise to spring forth. They shall spread far; the great [[salvation]] shall be published and proclaimed, to the ends of the earth. Let us be earnest in [[prayer]], that the [[Lord]] [[God]] may cause that righteousness to spring forth among us, which constitutes the excellence and [[glory]] of the [[Christian]] profession.
----
'''Chapter''' 62
[[God]]'s care of his [[church]] and people. (Is. 62:1-5) The office of ministers in preaching the [[gospel]]. (Is. 62:6-9) Every hinderance shall be removed from the way of [[salvation]]. (Is. 62:10-12)
Is. 62:1-5 The Son of [[God]] here assures his [[church]] of his unfailing love, and his pleading for her under all trails and difficulties. She shall be called by a new name, a pleasant name, such as she was never called by before. The state of true [[religion]] in the world, before the preaching of the [[gospel]], no man seemed to have any real concern for. [[God]], by his grace, has wrought that in his [[church]], which makes her his delight. Let us thence learn motives to [[holiness]]. If the [[Lord]] [[rejoice]]s over us, we should [[rejoice]] in his service.
Is. 62:6-9 [[God]]'s professing people must be a praying people. He is not displeased with us for being earnest, as men commonly are; he bids us to cry after him, and give him no rest, [[Luke]] 11:5,6. It is a sign that [[God]] is coming to a people in [[mercy]], when he pours out a spirit of [[prayer]] upon them. See how uncertain our creature-comforts are. See also [[God]]'s [[mercy]] in giving plenty, and [[peace]] to enjoy it. Let us delight in attending the courts of the [[Lord]], that we may enjoy the consolations of his Spirit.
Is. 62:10-12 Way shall be made for [[Christ]]'s [[salvation]]; all difficulties shall be removed. He brings a reward of comfort and [[peace]] with him; but a work of humiliation and reformation before him; and they shall be called, The holy people, and, The redeemed of the [[Lord]]. Holiness puts honour and beauty upon any place or person, makes them admired, beloved, and sought after. Many events may have been part fulfilments of this, as earnests of more glorious times yet to come. The close connexion between the blessedness of the [[Jews]] and of the [[Gentiles]], runs through the Scriptures. The [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] will complete his work, and he never will forsake one whom he has redeemed and sanctified.
----
'''Chapter''' 63
[[Christ]]'s victory over his enemies. (Is. 63:1-6) His [[mercy]] toward his [[church]]. (Is. 63:7-14) The [[prayer]] of the [[church]]. (Is. 63:15-19)
Is. 63:1-6 The prophet, in vision, beholds the [[Messiah]] returning in triumph from the conquest of his enemies, of whom Edom was a type. Travelling, not as wearied by the combat, but, in the greatness of his strength, prepared to overcome every opposing power. [[Messiah]] declares that he had been treading the wine-press of the wrath of [[God]], Rev. 14:19; 19:13, and by his own power, without any human help, he had crushed his obstinate opposers, for the day of vengeance was determined on, being the appointed season for rescuing his [[church]]. Once, he appeared on earth in apparent weakness, to pour out his precious blood as an atonement for our sins; but he will in due time appear in the greatness of his strength. The vintage ripens apace; the day of vengeance, fixed and determined on, approaches apace; let sinners seek to be reconciled to their righteous Judge, ere he brings down their strength to the earth. Does [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] say, "I come quickly?" let our hearts reply, "Even so, come; let the year of the redeemed come."
Is. 63:7-14 The latter part of this Chapter, and the whole of the next, seem to express the [[prayer]]s of the [[Jews]] on their conversation. They acknowledge [[God]]'s great mercies and favours to their nation. They confess their wickedness and hardness of heart; they entreat his forgiveness, and deplore the miserable condition under which they have so long suffered. The only-begotten Son of the Father became the [[Angel]] or Messenger of his love; thus he redeemed and bare them with tenderness. Yet they murmured, and resisted his [[Holy Spirit]], despising and persecuting his prophets, rejecting and crucifying the promised [[Messiah]]. All our comforts and hopes spring from the loving-kindness of the [[Lord]], and all our miseries and fears from our sins. But he is the [[Saviour]], and when sinners seek after him, who in other ages glorified himself by saving and feeding his purchased flock, and leading them safely through dangers, and has given his [[Holy Spirit]] to prosper the labours of his ministers, there is good ground to [[hope]] they are discovering the way of [[peace]].
Is. 63:15-19 They beseech him to look down on the abject condition of their once-favoured nation. Would it not be glorious to his name to remove the veil from their hearts, to return to the tribes of his inheritance? The Babylonish captivity, and the after-deliverance of the [[Jews]], were shadows of the events here foretold. The [[Lord]] looks down upon us in tenderness and [[mercy]]. Spiritual judgments are more to be dreaded than any other calamities; and we should most carefully avoid those sins which justly provoke the [[Lord]] to leave men to themselves and to their deceiver. "Our [[Redeemer]] from everlasting" is thy name; thy people have always looked upon thee as the [[God]] to whom they might appeal. The [[Lord]] will hear the [[prayer]]s of those who belong to him, and deliver them from those not called by his name.
----
'''Chapter''' 64
The [[church]] prays that [[God]]'s power may be manifested. (Is. 64:1-5) A confession of [[sin]], and afflictions bewailed. (Is. 64:6-12)
Is. 64:1-5 They desire that [[God]] would manifest himself to them and for them, so that all may see it. This is applicable to the second coming of [[Christ]], when the [[Lord]] himself shall descend from heaven. They plead what [[God]] had used to do, and had declared his gracious purpose to do, for his people. They need not [[fear]] being disappointed of it, for it is sure; or disappointed in it, for it is sufficient. The happiness of his people is bound up in what [[God]] has designed for them, and is preparing for them, and preparing them for; what he has done or will do. Can we believe this, and then think any thing too great to expect from his truth, power, and love? It is spiritual and cannot be comprehended by human understanding. It is ever ready. See what communion there is between a gracious [[God]] and a gracious soul. We must make conscience of doing our duty in every thing the [[Lord]] our [[God]] requires. Thou meetest him; this speaks his freeness and forwardness in doing them good. Though [[God]] has been angry with us for our sins, and justly, yet his [[anger]] has soon ended; but in his favour is life, which goes on and continues, and on that we depend for our [[salvation]].
Is. 64:6-12 The people of [[God]], in affliction, confess and bewail their sins, owning themselves unworthy of his [[mercy]]. Sin is that abominable thing which the [[Lord]] hates. Our deeds, whatever they may seem to be, if we think to merit by them at [[God]]'s hand, are as rags, and will not cover us; filthy rags, and will but defile us. Even our few good works in which there is real excellence, as fruits of the [[Spirit]], are so defective and defiled as done by us, that they need to be washed in the fountain open for [[sin]] and uncleanness. It bodes ill when [[prayer]] is kept back. To pray, is by [[faith]] to take hold of the promises the [[Lord]] has made of his good-will to us, and to plead them; to take hold of him, earnestly begging him not to leave us; or soliciting his return. They brought their troubles upon themselves by their own folly. Sinners are blasted, and then carried away, by the wind of their own iniquity; it withers and then ruins them. When they made themselves as an unclean thing, no wonder that [[God]] loathed them. Foolish and careless as we are, poor and despised, yet still Thou art our Father. It is the wrath of a Father we are under, who will be reconciled; and the relief our case requires is expected only from him. They refer themselves to [[God]]. They do not say, "[[Lord]], rebuke us not," for that may be necessary; but, "Not in thy displeasure." They state their lamentable condition. See what ruin [[sin]] brings upon a people; and an outward profession of [[holiness]] will be no defence against it. [[God]]'s people presume not to tell him what he shall say, but their [[prayer]] is, Speak for the comfort and relief of thy people. How few call upon the [[Lord]] with their whole hearts, or stir themselves to lay hold upon him! [[God]] may delay for a time to answer our [[prayer]]s, but he will, in the end, answer those who call on his name and [[hope]] in his [[mercy]].
----
'''Chapter''' 65
The calling of the [[Gentiles]], and the rejection of the [[Jews]]. (Is. 65:1-7) The [[Lord]] would preserve a remnant. (Is. 65:8-10) Judgments upon the wicked. (Is. 65:11-16) The future happy and flourishing state of the [[church]]. (Is. 65:17-25)
Is. 65:1-7 The [[Gentiles]] came to seek [[God]], and find him, because they were first sought and found of him. Often he meets some thoughtless trifler or profligate opposer, and says to him, Behold me; and a speedy change takes place. All the [[gospel]] day, [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] waited to be gracious. The [[Jews]] were bidden, but would not come. It is not without cause they are rejected of [[God]]. They would do what most pleased them. They grieved, they vexed the [[Holy Spirit]]. They forsook [[God]]'s temple, and sacrificed in groves. They cared not for the distinction between clean and unclean meats, before it was taken away by the [[gospel]]. Perhaps this is put for all forbidden pleasures, and all that is thought to be gotten by [[sin]], that abominable thing which the [[Lord]] hates. Christ denounced many woes against the pride and hypocrisy of the [[Jews]]. The proof against them is plain. And let us watch against pride and self-preference, remembering that every [[sin]], and the most secret thoughts of man's heart, are known and will be judged by [[God]].
Is. 65:8-10 In the bunch of unripe grapes, at present of no value, the new wine is contained. The [[Jews]] have been kept a distinct people, that all may witness the fulfilment of ancient prophecies and promises. [[God]]'s chosen, the spiritual seed of praying [[Jacob]], shall inherit his mountains of bliss and joy, and be carried safe to them through the vale of tears. All things are for the display of [[God]]'s [[glory]] in the redemption of sinners.
Is. 65:11-16 Here the different states of the godly and wicked, of the [[Jews]] who believed, and of those who persisted in unbelief, are set against one another. They prepared a table for that troop of deities which the heathen worship, and poured out drink-offerings to that countless number. Their worshippers spared no cost to honour them, which should shame the worshippers of the true [[God]]. See the malignity of sin; it is doing by choice what we know will displease [[God]]. In every age and nation, the [[Lord]] leaves those who persist in doing evil, and despise the call of the [[gospel]]. [[God]]'s servants shall have the bread of life, and shall want nothing good for them. But those who forsake the [[Lord]], shall be ashamed of vain confidence in their own righteousness, and the hopes they built thereon. Wordly people bless themselves in the abundance of this world's goods; but [[God]]'s servants bless themselves in him. He is their strength and portion. They shall honour him as the [[God]] of truth. And it was promised that in him should all the families of the earth be blessed. They shall think themselves happy in having him for their [[God]], who made them forget their troubles.
Is. 65:17-25 In the [[grace]] and comfort [[believer]]s have in and from [[Christ]], we are to look for this new heaven and new earth. The former confusions, sins and miseries of the human race, shall be no more remembered or renewed. The approaching happy state of the [[church]] is described under a variety of images. He shall be thought to die in his youth, and for his sins, who only lives to the age of a hundred years. The event alone can determine what is meant; but it is plain that [[Christianity]], if universal, would so do away violence and evil, as greatly to lengthen life. In those happy days, all [[God]]'s people shall enjoy the fruit of their labours. Nor will [[children]] then be the trouble of their parents, or suffer trouble themselves. The evil dispositions of sinners shall be completely moritified; all shall live in harmony. Thus the [[church]] on earth shall be full of happiness, like heaven. This prophecy assures the servants of [[Christ]], that the time approaches, wherein they shall be blessed with the undisturbed enjoyment of all that is needful for their happiness. As workers together with [[God]], let us attend his ordinances, and obey his commands.
----
'''Chapter''' 66
[[God]] looks at the heart, and vengeance is threatened for guilt. (Is. 66:1-4) The increase of the [[church]], when Jew and Gentile shall be gathered to the [[Redeemer]]. (Is. 66:5-14) Every enemy of the [[church]] shall be destroyed, and the final ruin of ungodly men shall be seen. (Is. 66:15-24)
Is. 66:1-4 The [[Jews]] gloried much in their temple. But what satisfaction can the Eternal Mind take in a house made with men's hands? [[God]] has a heaven and an earth of his own making, and temples of man's making; but he overlooks them, that he may look with favour to him who is poor in spirit and serious, self-abasing and self-denying; whose [[heart]] truly sorrows for sin: such a [[heart]] is a living [[temple]] for [[God]]. The sacrifice of the wicked is not only unacceptable, but a great offence to [[God]]. And he that now offers a sacrifice after the law, does in effect set aside [[Christ]]'s sacrifice. He that burns incense, puts contempt upon the incense of [[Christ]]'s intercession, and is as if he blessed an idol. Men shall be deceived by the vain confidences with which they deceive themselves. Unbelieving hearts, and unpurified consciences, need no more to make them miserable, than to have their own fears brought upon them. Whatever men put in the place of the priesthood, atonement, and intercession of [[Christ]], will be found hateful to [[God]].
Is. 66:5-14 The prophet turns to those that trembled at [[God]]'s word, to comfort and encourage them. The [[Lord]] will appear, to the [[joy]] of the humble [[believer]], and to the confusion of hypocrites and persecutors. When the [[Spirit]] was poured out, and the [[gospel]] went forth from [[Zion]], multitudes were converted in a little time. The word of [[God]], especially his promises, and ordinances, are the consolations of the [[church]]. The true happiness of all [[Christians]] is increased by every convert brought to [[Christ]]. The [[gospel]] brings with it, wherever it is received in its power, such a river of [[peace]], as will carry us to the ocean of boundless and endless bliss. [[Divine]] comforts reach the inward man; the [[joy]] of the [[Lord]] will be the strength of the [[believer]]. Both [[God]]'s [[mercy]] and justice shall be manifested, and for ever magnified.
Is. 66:15-24 A prophetic declaration is given of the [[Lord]]'s vengeance on all enemies of his [[church]], especially that of all [[Text:EBD:[[Text:EBD:Antichrist|Antichrist]]|antichrist]]ian opposers of the [[gospel]] in the latter days. Is. 66:19,20, set forth the abundance of means for conversion of sinners. These expressions are figurative, and express the plentiful and gracious helps for bringing [[God]]'s elect home to [[Christ]]. All shall be welcome; and nothing shall be wanting for their assistance and encouragement. A [[gospel]] ministry shall be set up in the [[church]]; they would have solemn [[worship]] before the [[Lord]]. In the last Verse the nature of the punishment of sinners in the [[world]] to come is represented. Then shall the righteous and wicked be separated. Our [[Saviour]] applies this to the everlasting misery and torment of impenitent sinners in the future state. To the honour of that free [[grace]] which thus distinguishes them, let the redeemed of the [[Lord]], with humility, and not without holy trembling, sing triumphant songs. With this affecting representation of the opposite states of the righteous and wicked, characters which include the whole human race, [[Isaiah]] concludes his prophecies. May [[God]] grant, for [[Christ]]'s sake, that our portion may be with those who [[fear]] and [[love]] his name, who cleave to his truths, and persevere in every good work, looking to receive from the [[Lord]] [[Jesus Christ|Jesus Christ]] the gracious invitation, Come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world.
{{mhc bottom}}
