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Created page with "{{Infobox_Contents | topic_name = Matthew Henry Concise Bible Commentary : John | subtopics = John | opinion_pieces = {{short_opinions}} * Text:EBD:John, F..."
{{Infobox_Contents |
topic_name = Matthew Henry Concise Bible Commentary : John |
subtopics = [[Apostle John|John]] |
opinion_pieces = {{short_opinions}}
* [[Text:EBD:John, First Epistle of|Easton's Bible Dictionary entry on John]] |
}}
Read the [[First Epistle of John|John]] from the [[Holy Bible|Bible]]
{{chapters}}
[[1 John 1|1]]
[[1 John 2|2]]
[[1 John 3|3]]
[[1 John 4|4]]
[[1 John 5|5]]
==Commentary==
[[Text:MHC Concise John 1|1]]
[[Text:MHC Concise John 2|2]]
[[Text:MHC Concise John 3|3]]
[[Text:MHC Concise John 4|4]]
[[Text:MHC Concise John 5|5]]
{{mhc import}}
'''Commentary on the [First Epistle of John]]'''
This epistle is a discourse upon the principles of [[Christianity]], in doctrine and practice. The design appears to be, to refute and guard against erroneous and unholy tenets, principles, and practices, especially such as would lower the Godhead of [[Christ]], and the reality and power of his sufferings and death, as an atoning sacrifice; and against the assertion that [[believer]]s being saved by grace, are not required to obey the commandments. This epistle also stirs up all who profess to know [[God]], to have communion with him, and to believe in him, and that they walk in [[holiness]], not in [[sin]], showing that a mere outward profession is nothing, without the evidence of a holy life and conduct. It also helps forward and excites real [[Christians]] to communion with [[God]] and the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], to constancy in the true faith, and to purity of life.
----
'''Chapter''' 1
''Chapter Outline''
The apostle prefaces his epistle to [[believer]]s in general, with evident testimonies to [[Christ]], for promoting their happiness and joy.
(1-4)
The necessity of a life of [[holiness]], in order to communion with [[God]], is shown.
(5-10)
'''Verses''' 1-4
That essential Good, that uncreated Excellence, which had been from the beginning, from eternity, as equal with the Father, and which at length appeared in human nature for the [[salvation]] of sinners, was the great subject concerning which the apostle wrote to his brethren. The apostles had seen Him while they witnessed his wisdom and [[holiness]], his [[miracle]]s, and [[love]] and [[mercy]], during some years, till they saw him crucified for sinners, and afterwards risen from the dead. They touched him, so as to have full proof of his resurrection. This [[Divine]] Person, the Word of life, the Word of [[God]], appeared in human nature, that he might be the Author and Giver of [[eternal life]] to mankind, through the redemption of his blood, and the influence of his new-creating Spirit. The apostles declared what they had seen and heard, that [[believer]]s might share their comforts and everlasting advantages. They had free access to [[God]] the Father. They had a happy experience of the truth in their souls, and showed its excellence in their lives. This communion of [[believer]]s with the Father and the Son, is begun and kept up by the influences of the [[Holy Spirit]]. The benefits [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] bestows, are not like the scanty possessions of the world, causing jealousies in others; but the [[joy]] and happiness of communion with [[God]] is all-sufficient, so that any number may partake of it; and all who are warranted to say, that truly their fellowship is with the Father, will desire to lead others to partake of the same blessedness.
'''Verses''' 5-10
A message from the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]], the Word of life, the eternal Word, we should all gladly receive. The great [[God]] should be represented to this dark world, as pure and perfect light. As this is the nature of [[God]], his doctrines and precepts must be such. And as his perfect happiness cannot be separated from his perfect [[holiness]], so our happiness will be in proportion to our being made holy. To walk in darkness, is to live and act against [[religion]]. [[God]] holds no heavenly fellowship or intercourse with unholy souls. There is no truth in their profession; their practice shows its folly and falsehood. The eternal Life, the eternal Son, put on flesh and blood, and died to wash us from our sins in his own blood, and procures for us the sacred influences by which [[sin]] is to be subdued more and more, till it is quite done away. While the necessity of a holy walk is insisted upon, as the effect and evidence of the knowledge of [[God]] in [[Jesus Christ|Christ Jesus]], the opposite error of self-righteous pride is guarded against with equal care. All who walk near to [[God]], in [[holiness]] and righteousness, are sensible that their best days and duties are mixed with sin. [[God]] has given testimony to the sinfulness of the world, by providing a sufficient, effectual Sacrifice for [[sin]], needed in all ages; and the sinfulness of [[believer]]s themselves is shown, by requiring them continually to confess their sins, and to apply by [[faith]] to the blood of that Sacrifice. Let us plead guilty before [[God]], be humble, and willing to know the worst of our case. Let us honestly confess all our sins in their full extent, relying wholly on his [[mercy]] and truth through the righteousness of [[Christ]], for a free and full forgiveness, and our deliverance from the power and practice of sin.
----
'''Chapter''' 2
''Chapter Outline''
The apostle directs to the atonement of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] for help against sinful infirmities.
(1, 2)
The effects of saving knowledge in producing obedience, and [[love]] to the brethren.
(3-11)
[[Christians]] addressed as little children, young men, and fathers.
(12-14)
All are cautioned against the [[love]] of this world, and against errors.
(15-23)
They are encouraged to stand fast in [[faith]] and [[holiness]].
(24-29)
'''Verses''' 1, 2
When have an Advocate with the Father; one who has undertaken, and is fully able, to plead in behalf of every one who applies for [[pardon]] and [[salvation]] in his name, depending on his pleading for them. He is "[[Jesus]]," the [[Saviour]], and "[[Christ]]," the [[Messiah]], the Anointed. He alone is "the Righteous One," who received his nature pure from [[sin]], and as our Surety perfectly obeyed the law of [[God]], and so fulfilled all righteousness. All men, in every land, and through successive generations, are invited to come to [[God]] through this all-sufficient atonement, and by this new and living way. The [[gospel]], when rightly understood and received, sets the [[heart]] against all [[sin]], and stops the allowed practice of it; at the same time it gives blessed relief to the wounded consciences of those who have sinned.
'''Verses''' 3-11
What knowledge of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] can that be, which sees not that he is most worthy of our entire obedience? And a disobedient life shows there is neither [[religion]] nor honesty in the professor. The [[love]] of [[God]] is perfected in him that keeps his commandments. [[God]]'s [[grace]] in him attains its true mark, and produces its sovereign effect as far as may be in this world, and this is man's regeneration; though never absolutely perfect here. Yet this observing [[Christ]]'s commands, has [[holiness]] and excellency which, if universal, would make the earth resemble heaven itself. The command to [[love]] one another had been in force from the beginning of the world; but it might be called a new command as given to [[Christians]]. It was new in them, as their situation was new in respect of its motives, rules, and obligations. And those who walk in hatred and enmity to [[believer]]s, remain in a dark state. [[Christian]] [[love]] teaches us to value our brother's soul, and to dread every thing hurtful to his purity and [[peace]]. Where spiritual darkness dwells, in mind, the judgment, and the conscience will be darkened, and will mistake the way to heavenly life. These things demand serious self-examination; and earnest [[prayer]], that [[God]] would show us what we are, and whither we are going.
'''Verses''' 12-14
As [[Christians]] have their peculiar states, so they have peculiar duties; but there are precepts and obedience common to all, particularly mutual love, and contempt of the world. The youngest sincere disciple is [[pardon]] ed: the communion of saints is attended with the [[forgiveness]] of sins. Those of the longest standing in [[Christ]]'s school need further advice and instruction. Even fathers must be written unto, and preached unto; none are too old to learn. But especially young men in Christ [[Jesus]], though they are arrived at strength of spirit and sound sense, and have successfully resisted first trials and temptations, breaking off bad habits and connexions, and entered in at the strait gate of true conversion. The different descriptions of [[Christians]] are again addressed. Children in [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] know that [[God]] is their Father; it is wisdom. Those advanced [[believer]]s, who know Him that was from the beginning, before this [[world]] was made, may well be led thereby to give up this world. It will be the [[glory]] of young persons to be strong in [[Christ]], and his grace. By the word of [[God]] they overcome the wicked one.
'''Verses''' 15-17
The things of the [[world]] may be desired and possessed for the uses and purposes which [[God]] intended, and they are to be used by his grace, and to his glory; but [[believer]]s must not seek or value them for those purposes to which [[sin]] abuses them. The [[world]] draws the [[heart]] from [[God]]; and the more the [[love]] of the [[world]] prevails, the more the [[love]] of [[God]] decays. The things of the [[world]] are classed according to the three ruling inclinations of depraved nature. 1. The lust of the flesh, of the body: wrong desires of the heart, the appetite of indulging all things that excite and inflame sensual pleasures. 2. The lust of the eyes: the eyes are delighted with riches and rich possessions; this is the lust of covetousness. 3. The pride of life: a vain man craves the grandeur and pomp of a vain-glorious life; this includes thirst after honour and applause. The things of the [[world]] quickly fade and die away; desire itself will ere long fail and cease, but holy affection is not like the lust that passes away. The [[love]] of [[God]] shall never fail. Many vain efforts have been made to evade the force of this passage by limitations, distinctions, or exceptions. Many have tried to show how far we may be carnally-minded, and [[love]] the world; but the plain meaning of these Verses cannot easily be mistaken. Unless this victory over the [[world]] is begun in the heart, a man has no root in himself, but will fall away, or at most remain an unfruitful professor. Yet these vanities are so alluring to the corruption in our hearts, that without constant watching and [[prayer]], we cannot escape the world, or obtain victory over the god and prince of it.
'''Verses''' 18-23
Every man is an [[Text:EBD:[[Text:EBD:Antichrist|Antichrist]]|antichrist]], who denies the Person, or any of the offices of Christ; and in denying the Son, he denies the Father also, and has no part in his favour while he rejects his great [[salvation]]. Let this prophecy that seducers would rise in the [[Christian]] world, keep us from being seduced. The [[church]] knows not well who are its true members, and who are not, but thus true [[Christians]] were proved, and rendered more watchful and humble. True [[Christians]] are anointed ones; their names expresses this: they are anointed with grace, with gifts and spiritual privileges, by the [[Holy Spirit]] of grace. The great and most hurtful lies that the father of lies spreads in the world, usually are falsehoods and errors relating to the person of [[Christ]]. The unction from the Holy One, alone can keep us from delusions. While we judge favourably of all who [[trust]] in [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] as the [[Divine]] [[Saviour]], and obey his word, and seek to live in union with them, let us pity and pray for those who deny the Godhead of [[Christ]], or his atonement, and the new-creating work of the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]]. Let us protest against such [[Text:EBD:[[Text:EBD:Antichrist|Antichrist]]|antichrist]]ian doctrine, and keep from them as much as we may.
'''Verses''' 24-29
The truth of [[Christ]], abiding in us, is a means to sever from [[sin]], and unites us to the Son of [[God]], Joh 15:3, 4. What value should we put upon [[gospel]] truth! Thereby the promise of [[eternal life]] is made sure. The promise [[God]] makes, is suitable to his own greatness, power, and goodness; it is [[eternal life]]. The [[Spirit]] of truth will not lie; and he teaches all things in the present dispensation, all things necessary to our knowledge of [[God]] in [[Christ]], and their [[glory]] in the [[gospel]]. The apostle repeats the kind words, "little children;" which denotes his affection. He would persuade by love. [[Gospel]] privileges oblige to [[gospel]] duties; and those anointed by the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] abide with him. The new spiritual nature is from the [[Lord]] [[Christ]]. He that is constant to the practice of [[religion]] in trying times, shows that he is born from above, from the [[Lord]] [[Christ]]. Then, let us beware of holding the truth in unrighteousness, remembering that those only are born of [[God]], who bear his holy image, and walk in his most righteous ways.
----
'''Chapter''' 3
''Chapter Outline''
The apostle admires the [[love]] of [[God]] in making [[believer]]s his children.
(1, 2)
The purifying influence of the [[hope]] of seeing [[Christ]], and the danger of pretending to this, and living in sin.
(3-10)
Love to the brethren is the character of real [[Christians]].
(11-15)
That [[love]] described by its actings.
(16-21)
The advantage of faith, love, and obedience.
(22-24)
'''Verses''' 1, 2
Little does the [[world]] know of the happiness of the real followers of [[Christ]]. Little does the [[world]] think that these poor, humble, despised ones, are favourites of [[God]], and will dwell in heaven. Let the followers of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] be content with hard fare here, since they are in a land of strangers, where their [[Lord]] was so badly treated before them. The sons of [[God]] must walk by faith, and live by hope. They may well wait in faith, hope, and earnest desire, for the revelation of the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]]. The sons of [[God]] will be known, and be made manifest by likeness to their Head. They shall be transformed into the same image, by their view of him.
'''Verses''' 3-10
The sons of [[God]] know that their [[Lord]] is of purer eyes than to allow any thing unholy and impure to dwell with him. It is the [[hope]] of hypocrites, not of the sons of [[God]], that makes allowance for gratifying impure desires and lusts. May we be followers of him as his dear children, thus show our sense of his unspeakable [[mercy]], and express that obedient, grateful, humble mind which becomes us. Sin is the rejecting the [[Divine]] law. In him, that is, in [[Christ]], was no sin. All the sinless weaknesses that were consequences of the fall, he took; that is, all those infirmities of mind or body which subject man to suffering, and expose him to temptation. But our moral infirmities, our proneness to [[sin]], he had not. He that abides in [[Christ]], continues not in the practice of sin. Renouncing [[sin]] is the great proof of spiritual union with, continuance in, and saving knowledge of the [[Lord]] [[Christ]]. Beware of self-deceit. He that doeth righteousness is righteous, and to be a follower of [[Christ]], shows an interest by [[faith]] in his obedience and sufferings. But a man cannot act like the devil, and at the same time be a disciple of [[Jesus Christ|Christ Jesus]]. Let us not serve or indulge what the Son of [[God]] came to destroy. To be born of [[God]] is to be inwardly renewed by the power of the [[Spirit]] of [[God]]. Renewing [[grace]] is an abiding principle. Religion is not an art, a matter of dexterity and skill, but a new nature. And the regenerate person cannot [[sin]] as he did before he was born of [[God]], and as others do who are not born again. There is that light in his mind, which shows him the evil and malignity of sin. There is that bias upon his heart, which disposes him to loathe and hate sin. There is the spiritual principle that opposes sinful acts. And there is [[Repentance|repentance]] for [[sin]], if committed. It goes against him to [[sin]] with forethought. The [[children]] of [[God]] and the [[children]] of the devil have their distinct characters. The seed of the serpent are known by neglect of [[religion]], and by their hating real [[Christians]]. He only is righteous before [[God]], as a justified [[believer]], who is taught and disposed to righteousness by the [[Holy Spirit]]. In this the [[children]] of [[God]] are manifest, and the [[children]] of the devil. May all professors of the [[gospel]] lay these truths to heart, and try themselves by them.
'''Verses''' 11-15
We should [[love]] the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]], value his love, and therefore [[love]] all our brethren in [[Christ]]. This [[love]] is the special fruit of our faith, and a certain sign of our being born again. But none who rightly know the [[heart]] of man, can wonder at the contempt and enmity of ungodly people against the [[children]] of [[God]]. We know that we are passed from [[death]] to life: we may know it by the evidences of our [[faith]] in [[Christ]], of which [[love]] to our brethren is one. It is not zeal for a party in the common [[religion]], or affection for those who are of the same name and sentiments with ourselves. The life of [[grace]] in the [[heart]] of a regenerate person, is the beginning and first principle of a life of glory, whereof they must be destitute who hate their brother in their hearts.
'''Verses''' 16-21
Here is the condescension, the [[miracle]], the mystery of [[Divine]] love, that [[God]] would redeem the [[church]] with his own blood. Surely we should [[love]] those whom [[God]] has loved, and so loved. The [[Holy Spirit]], grieved at selfishness, will leave the selfish [[heart]] without comfort, and full of darkness and terror. By what can it be known that a man has a true sense of the [[love]] of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] for perishing sinners, or that the [[love]] of [[God]] has been planted in his [[heart]] by the [[Holy Spirit]], if the [[love]] of the [[world]] and its good overcomes the feelings of compassion to a perishing brother? Every instance of this selfishness must weaken the evidences of a man's conversion; when habitual and allowed, it must decide against him. If conscience condemn us in known [[sin]], or the neglect of known duty, [[God]] does so too. Let conscience therefore be well-informed, be heard, and diligently attended to.
'''Verses''' 22-24
When [[believer]]s had confidence towards [[God]], through the [[Spirit]] of adoption, and by [[faith]] in the great High Priest, they might ask what they would of their reconciled Father. They would receive it, if good for them. And as good-will to men was proclaimed from heaven, so good-will to men, particularly to the brethren, must be in the hearts of those who go to [[God]] and heaven. He who thus follows [[Christ]], dwells in Him as his ark, refuge, and rest, and in the Father through him. This union between [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] and the souls of [[believer]]s, is by the [[Spirit]] he has given them. A man may believe that [[God]] is gracious before he knows it; yet when [[faith]] has laid hold on the promises, it sets reason to work. This [[Spirit]] of [[God]] works a change; in all true [[Christians]] it changes from the power of [[Satan]] to the power of [[God]]. Consider, [[believer]], how it changes thy heart. Dost not thou long for [[peace]] with [[God]]? Wouldst thou not forego all the [[world]] for it? No profit, pleasure, or preferment shall hinder thee from following [[Christ]]. This [[salvation]] is built upon [[Divine]] testimony, even the [[Spirit]] of [[God]].
----
'''Chapter''' 4
''Chapter Outline''
Believers cautioned against giving heed to every one that pretends to the [[Spirit]].
(1-6)
Brotherly [[love]] enforced.
(7-21)
'''Verses''' 1-6
[[Christians]] who are well acquainted with the Scriptures, may, in humble dependence on [[Divine]] teaching, discern those who set forth doctrines according to the apostles, and those who contradict them. The sum of revealed [[religion]] is in the doctrine concerning [[Christ]], his person and office. The false teachers spake of the [[world]] according to its maxims and tastes, so as not to offend carnal men. The [[world]] approved them, they made rapid progress, and had many followers such as themselves; the [[world]] will [[love]] its own, and its own will [[love]] it. The true doctrine as to the [[Saviour]]'s person, as leading men from the [[world]] to [[God]], is a mark of the spirit of truth in opposition to the spirit of error. The more pure and holy any doctrine is, the more likely to be of [[God]]; nor can we by any other rules try the spirits whether they are of [[God]] or not. And what wonder is it, that people of a worldly spirit should cleave to those who are like themselves, and suit their schemes and discourses to their corrupt taste?
'''Verses''' 7-13
The [[Spirit]] of [[God]] is the [[Spirit]] of love. He that does not [[love]] the image of [[God]] in his people, has no saving knowledge of [[God]]. For it is [[God]]'s nature to be kind, and to give happiness. The law of [[God]] is love; and all would have been perfectly happy, had all obeyed it. The provision of the [[gospel]], for the [[forgiveness]] of [[sin]], and the [[salvation]] of sinners, consistently with [[God]]'s [[glory]] and justice, shows that [[God]] is love. Mystery and darkness rest upon many things yet. [[God]] has so shown himself to be love, that we cannot come short of eternal happiness, unless through unbelief and impenitence, although strict justice would condemn us to hopeless misery, because we break our Creator's laws. None of our words or thoughts can do justice to the free, astonishing [[love]] of a holy [[God]] towards sinners, who could not profit or harm him, whom he might justly crush in a moment, and whose deserving of his vengeance was shown in the method by which they were saved, though he could by his almighty Word have created other worlds, with more perfect beings, if he had seen fit. Search we the whole uniVerse for [[love]] in its most glorious displays? It is to be found in the person and the cross of [[Christ]]. Does [[love]] exist between [[God]] and sinners? Here was the origin, not that we loved [[God]], but that he freely loved us. His [[love]] could not be designed to be fruitless upon us, and when its proper end and issue are gained and produced, it may be said to be perfected. So [[faith]] is perfected by its works. Thus it will appear that [[God]] dwells in us by his new-creating Spirit. A loving [[Christian]] is a perfect [[Christian]]; set him to any good duty, and he is perfect to it, he is expert at it. Love oils the wheels of his affections, and sets him on that which is helpful to his brethren. A man that goes about a business with ill will, always does it badly. That [[God]] dwells in us and we in him, were words too high for mortals to use, had not [[God]] put them before us. But how may it be known whether the testimony to this does proceed from the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]]? Those who are truly persuaded that they are the sons of [[God]], cannot but call him Abba, Father. From [[love]] to him, they hate [[sin]], and whatever disagrees with his will, and they have a sound and hearty desire to do his will. Such testimony is the testimony of the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]].
'''Verses''' 14-21
The Father sent the Son, he willed his coming into this world. The apostle attests this. And whosoever shall confess that [[Jesus]] is the Son of [[God]], [[God]] dwelleth in him, and he in [[God]]. This confession includes [[faith]] in the [[heart]] as the foundation; makes acknowledgment with the mouth to the [[glory]] of [[God]] and [[Christ]], and profession in the life and conduct, against the flatteries and frowns of the world. There must be a day of universal judgment. Happy those who shall have holy boldness before the Judge at that day; knowing he is their Friend and Advocate! Happy those who have holy boldness in the prospect of that day, who look and wait for it, and for the Judge's appearance! True [[love]] to [[God]] assures [[believer]]s of [[God]]'s [[love]] to them. Love teaches us to suffer for him and with him; therefore we may [[trust]] that we shall also be glorified with him, 2Ti 2:12. We must distinguish between the [[fear]] of [[God]] and being afraid of him; the [[fear]] of [[God]] imports high regard and veneration for [[God]]. Obedience and good works, done from the principle of love, are not like the servile toil of one who unwillingly labours from dread of a master's anger. They are like that of a dutiful child, who does services to a beloved father, which benefit his brethren, and are done willingly. It is a sign that our [[love]] is far from perfect, when our doubts, fears, and apprehensions of [[God]], are many. Let heaven and earth stand amazed at his love. He sent his word to invite sinners to partake of this great [[salvation]]. Let them take the comfort of the happy change wrought in them, while they give him the glory. The love of [[God]] in [[Christ]], in the hearts of [[Christians]] from the [[Spirit]] of adoption, is the great proof of conversion. This must be tried by its effects on their temper, and their conduct to their brethren. If a man professes to [[love]] [[God]], and yet indulges [[anger]] or revenge, or shows a selfish disposition, he gives his profession the lie. But if it is plain that our natural enmity is changed into affection and gratitude, let us bless the name of our [[God]] for this seal and earnest of eternal happiness. Then we differ from the false professors, who pretend to [[love]] [[God]], whom they have not seen, yet hate their brethren, whom they have seen.
----
'''Chapter''' 5
''Chapter Outline''
Brotherly [[love]] is the effect of the new birth, which makes obedience to all [[God]]'s [[commandments]] pleasant.
(1-5)
Reference to witnesses agreeing to prove that [[Jesus]], the Son of [[God]], is the true [[Messiah]].
(6-8)
The satisfaction the [[believer]] has about [[Christ]], and [[eternal life]] through him.
(9-12)
The assurance of [[God]]'s hearing and answering [[prayer]].
(13-17)
The happy condition of true [[believer]]s, and a charge to renounce all [[idolatry]].
(18-21)
'''Verses''' 1-5
True [[love]] for the people of [[God]], may be distinguished from natural kindness or party attachments, by its being united with the [[love]] of [[God]], and obedience to his commands. The same [[Holy Spirit]] that taught the love, will have taught obedience also; and that man cannot truly [[love]] the [[children]] of [[God]], who, by habit, commits [[sin]] or neglects known duty. As [[God]]'s commands are holy, just, and good rules of liberty and happiness, so those who are born of [[God]] and [[love]] him, do not count them grievous, but lament that they cannot serve him more perfectly. Self-denial is required, but true [[Christians]] have a principle which carries them above all hinderances. Though the conflict often is sharp, and the regenerate may be cast down, yet he will rise up and renew his combat with resolution. But all, except [[believer]]s in [[Christ]], are enslaved in some respect or other, to the customs, opinions, or interests of the world. Faith is the cause of victory, the means, the instrument, the spiritual armour by which we overcome. In and by faith we cleave to [[Christ]], in contempt of, and in opposition to the world. Faith sanctifies the heart, and purifies it from those sensual lusts by which the [[world]] obtains sway and dominion over souls. It has the indwelling [[Spirit]] of grace, which is greater than he who dwells in the world. The real [[Christian]] overcomes the [[world]] by faith; he sees, in and by the life and conduct of the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] on earth, that this [[world]] is to be renounced and overcome. He cannot be satisfied with this world, but looks beyond it, and is still tending, striving, and pressing toward heaven. We must all, after [[Christ]]'s example, overcome the world, or it will overcome us to our ruin.
'''Verses''' 6-8
We are inwardly and outwardly defiled; inwardly, by the power and pollution of [[sin]] in our nature. For our cleansing there is in and by [[Jesus Christ|Christ Jesus]], the washing of regeneration and the renewing of the Holy Ghost. Some think that the two sacraments are here meant: baptism with water, as the outward sign of regeneration, and purifying from the pollution of [[sin]] by the [[Holy Spirit]]; and the [[Lord]]'s supper, as the outward sign of the shedding [[Christ]]'s blood, and the receiving him by [[faith]] for [[pardon]] and justification. Both these ways of cleansing were represented in the old ceremonial sacrifices and cleansings. This water and blood include all that is necessary to our [[salvation]]. By the water, our souls are washed and purified for heaven and the habitation of saints in light. By the blood, we are justified, reconciled, and presented righteous to [[God]]. By the blood, the curse of the law being satisfied, the purifying [[Spirit]] is obtained for the internal cleansing of our natures. The water, as well as the blood, came out of the side of the sacrificed [[Redeemer]]. He loved the [[church]], and gave himself for it, that he might sanctify and cleanse it with the washing of water by the word; that he might present it to himself a glorious [[church]], Eph 5:25-27. This was done in and by the [[Spirit]] of [[God]], according to the [[Saviour]]'s declaration. He is the [[Spirit]] of [[God]], and cannot lie. Three had borne witness to these doctrines concerning the person and the [[salvation]] of [[Christ]]. The Father, repeatedly, by a voice from heaven declared that [[Jesus]] was his beloved Son. The Word declared that He and the Father were One, and that whoever had seen him had seen the Father. And the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]], who descended from heaven and rested on [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] at his baptism; who had borne witness to Him by all the prophets; and gave testimony to his resurrection and mediatorial office, by the gift of miraculous powers to the apostles. But whether this passage be cited or not, the doctrine of the Trinity in Unity stands equally firm and certain. To the doctrine taught by the apostles, respecting the person and [[salvation]] of [[Christ]], there were three testimonies. 1. The Holy Spirit. We come into the [[world]] with a corrupt, carnal disposition, which is enmity to [[God]]. This being done away by the regeneration and new-creating of souls by the [[Holy Spirit]], is a testimony to the [[Saviour]]. 2. The water: this sets forth the [[Saviour]]'s purity and purifying power. The actual and active purity and [[holiness]] of his disciples are represented by baptism. 3. The blood which he shed: and this was our ransom, this testifies for [[Jesus]] Christ; it sealed up and finished the sacrifices of the Old Testament. The benefits procured by his blood, prove that he is the [[Saviour]] of the world. No wonder if he that rejects this evidence is judged a blasphemer of the [[Spirit]] of [[God]]. These three witnesses are for one and the same purpose; they agree in one and the same thing.
'''Verses''' 9-12
Nothing can be more absurd than the conduct of those who doubt as to the truth of [[Christianity]], while in the common affairs of life they do not hesitate to proceed on human testimony, and would deem any one out of his senses who declined to do so. The real [[Christian]] has seen his guilt and misery, and his need of such a [[Saviour]]. He has seen the suitableness of such a [[Saviour]] to all his spiritual wants and circumstances. He has found and felt the power of the word and doctrine of [[Christ]], humbling, healing, quickening, and comforting his soul. He has a new disposition, and new delights, and is not the man that he formerly was. Yet he finds still a conflict with himself, with [[sin]], with the flesh, the world, and wicked powers. But he finds such strength from [[faith]] in [[Christ]], that he can overcome the world, and travel on towards a better. Such assurance has the [[gospel]] [[believer]]: he has a witness in himself, which puts the matter out of doubt with him, except in hours of darkness or conflict; but he cannot be argued out of his belief in the leading truths of the [[gospel]]. Here is what makes the unbeliever's [[sin]] so awful; the [[sin]] of unbelief. He gives [[God]] the lie; because he believes not the record that [[God]] gave of his Son. It is in vain for a man to plead that he believes the testimony of [[God]] in other things, while he rejects it in this. He that refuses to [[trust]] and honour [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] as the Son of [[God]], who disdains to submit to his teaching as Prophet, to rely on his atonement and intercession as High Priest, or to obey him as King, is dead in [[sin]], under condemnation; nor will any outward morality, learning, forms, notions, or confidences avail him.
'''Verses''' 13-17
Upon all this evidence, it is but right that we believe on the name of the Son of [[God]]. Believers have [[eternal life]] in the covenant of the [[gospel]]. Then let us thankfully receive the record of Scripture. Always abounding in the work of the [[Lord]], knowing that our labour is not in vain in the [[Lord]]. The [[Lord]] [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] invites us to come to him in all circumstances, with our supplications and requests, notwithstanding the [[sin]] that besets us. Our [[prayer]]s must always be offered in submission to the will of [[God]]. In some things they are speedily answered; in others they are granted in the best manner, though not as requested. We ought to pray for others, as well as for ourselves. There are sins that war against spiritual life in the soul, and the life above. We cannot pray that the sins of the impenitent and unbelieving should, while they are such, be forgiven them; or that [[mercy]], which supposes the forgiveness of sins, should be granted to them, while they wilfully continue such. But we may pray for their repentance, for their being enriched with [[faith]] in [[Christ]], and thereupon for all other saving mercies. We should pray for others, as well as for ourselves, beseeching the [[Lord]] to [[pardon]] and recover the fallen, as well as to relieve the tempted and afflicted. And let us be truly thankful that no [[sin]], of which any one truly repents, is unto death.
'''Verses''' 18-21
All mankind are divided into two parties or dominions; that which belongs to [[God]], and that which belongs to the wicked one. True [[believer]]s belong to [[God]]: they are of [[God]], and from him, and to him, and for him; while the rest, by far the greater number, are in the power of the wicked one; they do his works, and support his cause. This general declaration includes all unbelievers, whatever their profession, station, or situation, or by whatever name they may be called. The Son leads [[believer]]s to the Father, and they are in the [[love]] and favour of both; in union with both, by the indwelling and working of the Holy Spirit. Happy are those to whom it is given to know that the Son of [[God]] is come, and to have a [[heart]] to [[trust]] in and rely on him that is true! May this be our privilege; we shall thus be kept from all [[idols]] and false doctrines, and from the idolatrous [[love]] of worldly objects, and be kept by the power of [[God]], through faith, unto eternal [[salvation]]. To this living and true [[God]], be [[glory]] and dominion for ever and ever. [[Text:EBD:Amen|Amen]].
{{mhc bottom}}
[[Category:MHC Concise Bible Commentary|First Epistle of John]]
topic_name = Matthew Henry Concise Bible Commentary : John |
subtopics = [[Apostle John|John]] |
opinion_pieces = {{short_opinions}}
* [[Text:EBD:John, First Epistle of|Easton's Bible Dictionary entry on John]] |
}}
Read the [[First Epistle of John|John]] from the [[Holy Bible|Bible]]
{{chapters}}
[[1 John 1|1]]
[[1 John 2|2]]
[[1 John 3|3]]
[[1 John 4|4]]
[[1 John 5|5]]
==Commentary==
[[Text:MHC Concise John 1|1]]
[[Text:MHC Concise John 2|2]]
[[Text:MHC Concise John 3|3]]
[[Text:MHC Concise John 4|4]]
[[Text:MHC Concise John 5|5]]
{{mhc import}}
'''Commentary on the [First Epistle of John]]'''
This epistle is a discourse upon the principles of [[Christianity]], in doctrine and practice. The design appears to be, to refute and guard against erroneous and unholy tenets, principles, and practices, especially such as would lower the Godhead of [[Christ]], and the reality and power of his sufferings and death, as an atoning sacrifice; and against the assertion that [[believer]]s being saved by grace, are not required to obey the commandments. This epistle also stirs up all who profess to know [[God]], to have communion with him, and to believe in him, and that they walk in [[holiness]], not in [[sin]], showing that a mere outward profession is nothing, without the evidence of a holy life and conduct. It also helps forward and excites real [[Christians]] to communion with [[God]] and the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] [[Christ]], to constancy in the true faith, and to purity of life.
----
'''Chapter''' 1
''Chapter Outline''
The apostle prefaces his epistle to [[believer]]s in general, with evident testimonies to [[Christ]], for promoting their happiness and joy.
(1-4)
The necessity of a life of [[holiness]], in order to communion with [[God]], is shown.
(5-10)
'''Verses''' 1-4
That essential Good, that uncreated Excellence, which had been from the beginning, from eternity, as equal with the Father, and which at length appeared in human nature for the [[salvation]] of sinners, was the great subject concerning which the apostle wrote to his brethren. The apostles had seen Him while they witnessed his wisdom and [[holiness]], his [[miracle]]s, and [[love]] and [[mercy]], during some years, till they saw him crucified for sinners, and afterwards risen from the dead. They touched him, so as to have full proof of his resurrection. This [[Divine]] Person, the Word of life, the Word of [[God]], appeared in human nature, that he might be the Author and Giver of [[eternal life]] to mankind, through the redemption of his blood, and the influence of his new-creating Spirit. The apostles declared what they had seen and heard, that [[believer]]s might share their comforts and everlasting advantages. They had free access to [[God]] the Father. They had a happy experience of the truth in their souls, and showed its excellence in their lives. This communion of [[believer]]s with the Father and the Son, is begun and kept up by the influences of the [[Holy Spirit]]. The benefits [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] bestows, are not like the scanty possessions of the world, causing jealousies in others; but the [[joy]] and happiness of communion with [[God]] is all-sufficient, so that any number may partake of it; and all who are warranted to say, that truly their fellowship is with the Father, will desire to lead others to partake of the same blessedness.
'''Verses''' 5-10
A message from the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]], the Word of life, the eternal Word, we should all gladly receive. The great [[God]] should be represented to this dark world, as pure and perfect light. As this is the nature of [[God]], his doctrines and precepts must be such. And as his perfect happiness cannot be separated from his perfect [[holiness]], so our happiness will be in proportion to our being made holy. To walk in darkness, is to live and act against [[religion]]. [[God]] holds no heavenly fellowship or intercourse with unholy souls. There is no truth in their profession; their practice shows its folly and falsehood. The eternal Life, the eternal Son, put on flesh and blood, and died to wash us from our sins in his own blood, and procures for us the sacred influences by which [[sin]] is to be subdued more and more, till it is quite done away. While the necessity of a holy walk is insisted upon, as the effect and evidence of the knowledge of [[God]] in [[Jesus Christ|Christ Jesus]], the opposite error of self-righteous pride is guarded against with equal care. All who walk near to [[God]], in [[holiness]] and righteousness, are sensible that their best days and duties are mixed with sin. [[God]] has given testimony to the sinfulness of the world, by providing a sufficient, effectual Sacrifice for [[sin]], needed in all ages; and the sinfulness of [[believer]]s themselves is shown, by requiring them continually to confess their sins, and to apply by [[faith]] to the blood of that Sacrifice. Let us plead guilty before [[God]], be humble, and willing to know the worst of our case. Let us honestly confess all our sins in their full extent, relying wholly on his [[mercy]] and truth through the righteousness of [[Christ]], for a free and full forgiveness, and our deliverance from the power and practice of sin.
----
'''Chapter''' 2
''Chapter Outline''
The apostle directs to the atonement of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] for help against sinful infirmities.
(1, 2)
The effects of saving knowledge in producing obedience, and [[love]] to the brethren.
(3-11)
[[Christians]] addressed as little children, young men, and fathers.
(12-14)
All are cautioned against the [[love]] of this world, and against errors.
(15-23)
They are encouraged to stand fast in [[faith]] and [[holiness]].
(24-29)
'''Verses''' 1, 2
When have an Advocate with the Father; one who has undertaken, and is fully able, to plead in behalf of every one who applies for [[pardon]] and [[salvation]] in his name, depending on his pleading for them. He is "[[Jesus]]," the [[Saviour]], and "[[Christ]]," the [[Messiah]], the Anointed. He alone is "the Righteous One," who received his nature pure from [[sin]], and as our Surety perfectly obeyed the law of [[God]], and so fulfilled all righteousness. All men, in every land, and through successive generations, are invited to come to [[God]] through this all-sufficient atonement, and by this new and living way. The [[gospel]], when rightly understood and received, sets the [[heart]] against all [[sin]], and stops the allowed practice of it; at the same time it gives blessed relief to the wounded consciences of those who have sinned.
'''Verses''' 3-11
What knowledge of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] can that be, which sees not that he is most worthy of our entire obedience? And a disobedient life shows there is neither [[religion]] nor honesty in the professor. The [[love]] of [[God]] is perfected in him that keeps his commandments. [[God]]'s [[grace]] in him attains its true mark, and produces its sovereign effect as far as may be in this world, and this is man's regeneration; though never absolutely perfect here. Yet this observing [[Christ]]'s commands, has [[holiness]] and excellency which, if universal, would make the earth resemble heaven itself. The command to [[love]] one another had been in force from the beginning of the world; but it might be called a new command as given to [[Christians]]. It was new in them, as their situation was new in respect of its motives, rules, and obligations. And those who walk in hatred and enmity to [[believer]]s, remain in a dark state. [[Christian]] [[love]] teaches us to value our brother's soul, and to dread every thing hurtful to his purity and [[peace]]. Where spiritual darkness dwells, in mind, the judgment, and the conscience will be darkened, and will mistake the way to heavenly life. These things demand serious self-examination; and earnest [[prayer]], that [[God]] would show us what we are, and whither we are going.
'''Verses''' 12-14
As [[Christians]] have their peculiar states, so they have peculiar duties; but there are precepts and obedience common to all, particularly mutual love, and contempt of the world. The youngest sincere disciple is [[pardon]] ed: the communion of saints is attended with the [[forgiveness]] of sins. Those of the longest standing in [[Christ]]'s school need further advice and instruction. Even fathers must be written unto, and preached unto; none are too old to learn. But especially young men in Christ [[Jesus]], though they are arrived at strength of spirit and sound sense, and have successfully resisted first trials and temptations, breaking off bad habits and connexions, and entered in at the strait gate of true conversion. The different descriptions of [[Christians]] are again addressed. Children in [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] know that [[God]] is their Father; it is wisdom. Those advanced [[believer]]s, who know Him that was from the beginning, before this [[world]] was made, may well be led thereby to give up this world. It will be the [[glory]] of young persons to be strong in [[Christ]], and his grace. By the word of [[God]] they overcome the wicked one.
'''Verses''' 15-17
The things of the [[world]] may be desired and possessed for the uses and purposes which [[God]] intended, and they are to be used by his grace, and to his glory; but [[believer]]s must not seek or value them for those purposes to which [[sin]] abuses them. The [[world]] draws the [[heart]] from [[God]]; and the more the [[love]] of the [[world]] prevails, the more the [[love]] of [[God]] decays. The things of the [[world]] are classed according to the three ruling inclinations of depraved nature. 1. The lust of the flesh, of the body: wrong desires of the heart, the appetite of indulging all things that excite and inflame sensual pleasures. 2. The lust of the eyes: the eyes are delighted with riches and rich possessions; this is the lust of covetousness. 3. The pride of life: a vain man craves the grandeur and pomp of a vain-glorious life; this includes thirst after honour and applause. The things of the [[world]] quickly fade and die away; desire itself will ere long fail and cease, but holy affection is not like the lust that passes away. The [[love]] of [[God]] shall never fail. Many vain efforts have been made to evade the force of this passage by limitations, distinctions, or exceptions. Many have tried to show how far we may be carnally-minded, and [[love]] the world; but the plain meaning of these Verses cannot easily be mistaken. Unless this victory over the [[world]] is begun in the heart, a man has no root in himself, but will fall away, or at most remain an unfruitful professor. Yet these vanities are so alluring to the corruption in our hearts, that without constant watching and [[prayer]], we cannot escape the world, or obtain victory over the god and prince of it.
'''Verses''' 18-23
Every man is an [[Text:EBD:[[Text:EBD:Antichrist|Antichrist]]|antichrist]], who denies the Person, or any of the offices of Christ; and in denying the Son, he denies the Father also, and has no part in his favour while he rejects his great [[salvation]]. Let this prophecy that seducers would rise in the [[Christian]] world, keep us from being seduced. The [[church]] knows not well who are its true members, and who are not, but thus true [[Christians]] were proved, and rendered more watchful and humble. True [[Christians]] are anointed ones; their names expresses this: they are anointed with grace, with gifts and spiritual privileges, by the [[Holy Spirit]] of grace. The great and most hurtful lies that the father of lies spreads in the world, usually are falsehoods and errors relating to the person of [[Christ]]. The unction from the Holy One, alone can keep us from delusions. While we judge favourably of all who [[trust]] in [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] as the [[Divine]] [[Saviour]], and obey his word, and seek to live in union with them, let us pity and pray for those who deny the Godhead of [[Christ]], or his atonement, and the new-creating work of the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]]. Let us protest against such [[Text:EBD:[[Text:EBD:Antichrist|Antichrist]]|antichrist]]ian doctrine, and keep from them as much as we may.
'''Verses''' 24-29
The truth of [[Christ]], abiding in us, is a means to sever from [[sin]], and unites us to the Son of [[God]], Joh 15:3, 4. What value should we put upon [[gospel]] truth! Thereby the promise of [[eternal life]] is made sure. The promise [[God]] makes, is suitable to his own greatness, power, and goodness; it is [[eternal life]]. The [[Spirit]] of truth will not lie; and he teaches all things in the present dispensation, all things necessary to our knowledge of [[God]] in [[Christ]], and their [[glory]] in the [[gospel]]. The apostle repeats the kind words, "little children;" which denotes his affection. He would persuade by love. [[Gospel]] privileges oblige to [[gospel]] duties; and those anointed by the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] abide with him. The new spiritual nature is from the [[Lord]] [[Christ]]. He that is constant to the practice of [[religion]] in trying times, shows that he is born from above, from the [[Lord]] [[Christ]]. Then, let us beware of holding the truth in unrighteousness, remembering that those only are born of [[God]], who bear his holy image, and walk in his most righteous ways.
----
'''Chapter''' 3
''Chapter Outline''
The apostle admires the [[love]] of [[God]] in making [[believer]]s his children.
(1, 2)
The purifying influence of the [[hope]] of seeing [[Christ]], and the danger of pretending to this, and living in sin.
(3-10)
Love to the brethren is the character of real [[Christians]].
(11-15)
That [[love]] described by its actings.
(16-21)
The advantage of faith, love, and obedience.
(22-24)
'''Verses''' 1, 2
Little does the [[world]] know of the happiness of the real followers of [[Christ]]. Little does the [[world]] think that these poor, humble, despised ones, are favourites of [[God]], and will dwell in heaven. Let the followers of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] be content with hard fare here, since they are in a land of strangers, where their [[Lord]] was so badly treated before them. The sons of [[God]] must walk by faith, and live by hope. They may well wait in faith, hope, and earnest desire, for the revelation of the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]]. The sons of [[God]] will be known, and be made manifest by likeness to their Head. They shall be transformed into the same image, by their view of him.
'''Verses''' 3-10
The sons of [[God]] know that their [[Lord]] is of purer eyes than to allow any thing unholy and impure to dwell with him. It is the [[hope]] of hypocrites, not of the sons of [[God]], that makes allowance for gratifying impure desires and lusts. May we be followers of him as his dear children, thus show our sense of his unspeakable [[mercy]], and express that obedient, grateful, humble mind which becomes us. Sin is the rejecting the [[Divine]] law. In him, that is, in [[Christ]], was no sin. All the sinless weaknesses that were consequences of the fall, he took; that is, all those infirmities of mind or body which subject man to suffering, and expose him to temptation. But our moral infirmities, our proneness to [[sin]], he had not. He that abides in [[Christ]], continues not in the practice of sin. Renouncing [[sin]] is the great proof of spiritual union with, continuance in, and saving knowledge of the [[Lord]] [[Christ]]. Beware of self-deceit. He that doeth righteousness is righteous, and to be a follower of [[Christ]], shows an interest by [[faith]] in his obedience and sufferings. But a man cannot act like the devil, and at the same time be a disciple of [[Jesus Christ|Christ Jesus]]. Let us not serve or indulge what the Son of [[God]] came to destroy. To be born of [[God]] is to be inwardly renewed by the power of the [[Spirit]] of [[God]]. Renewing [[grace]] is an abiding principle. Religion is not an art, a matter of dexterity and skill, but a new nature. And the regenerate person cannot [[sin]] as he did before he was born of [[God]], and as others do who are not born again. There is that light in his mind, which shows him the evil and malignity of sin. There is that bias upon his heart, which disposes him to loathe and hate sin. There is the spiritual principle that opposes sinful acts. And there is [[Repentance|repentance]] for [[sin]], if committed. It goes against him to [[sin]] with forethought. The [[children]] of [[God]] and the [[children]] of the devil have their distinct characters. The seed of the serpent are known by neglect of [[religion]], and by their hating real [[Christians]]. He only is righteous before [[God]], as a justified [[believer]], who is taught and disposed to righteousness by the [[Holy Spirit]]. In this the [[children]] of [[God]] are manifest, and the [[children]] of the devil. May all professors of the [[gospel]] lay these truths to heart, and try themselves by them.
'''Verses''' 11-15
We should [[love]] the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]], value his love, and therefore [[love]] all our brethren in [[Christ]]. This [[love]] is the special fruit of our faith, and a certain sign of our being born again. But none who rightly know the [[heart]] of man, can wonder at the contempt and enmity of ungodly people against the [[children]] of [[God]]. We know that we are passed from [[death]] to life: we may know it by the evidences of our [[faith]] in [[Christ]], of which [[love]] to our brethren is one. It is not zeal for a party in the common [[religion]], or affection for those who are of the same name and sentiments with ourselves. The life of [[grace]] in the [[heart]] of a regenerate person, is the beginning and first principle of a life of glory, whereof they must be destitute who hate their brother in their hearts.
'''Verses''' 16-21
Here is the condescension, the [[miracle]], the mystery of [[Divine]] love, that [[God]] would redeem the [[church]] with his own blood. Surely we should [[love]] those whom [[God]] has loved, and so loved. The [[Holy Spirit]], grieved at selfishness, will leave the selfish [[heart]] without comfort, and full of darkness and terror. By what can it be known that a man has a true sense of the [[love]] of [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] for perishing sinners, or that the [[love]] of [[God]] has been planted in his [[heart]] by the [[Holy Spirit]], if the [[love]] of the [[world]] and its good overcomes the feelings of compassion to a perishing brother? Every instance of this selfishness must weaken the evidences of a man's conversion; when habitual and allowed, it must decide against him. If conscience condemn us in known [[sin]], or the neglect of known duty, [[God]] does so too. Let conscience therefore be well-informed, be heard, and diligently attended to.
'''Verses''' 22-24
When [[believer]]s had confidence towards [[God]], through the [[Spirit]] of adoption, and by [[faith]] in the great High Priest, they might ask what they would of their reconciled Father. They would receive it, if good for them. And as good-will to men was proclaimed from heaven, so good-will to men, particularly to the brethren, must be in the hearts of those who go to [[God]] and heaven. He who thus follows [[Christ]], dwells in Him as his ark, refuge, and rest, and in the Father through him. This union between [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] and the souls of [[believer]]s, is by the [[Spirit]] he has given them. A man may believe that [[God]] is gracious before he knows it; yet when [[faith]] has laid hold on the promises, it sets reason to work. This [[Spirit]] of [[God]] works a change; in all true [[Christians]] it changes from the power of [[Satan]] to the power of [[God]]. Consider, [[believer]], how it changes thy heart. Dost not thou long for [[peace]] with [[God]]? Wouldst thou not forego all the [[world]] for it? No profit, pleasure, or preferment shall hinder thee from following [[Christ]]. This [[salvation]] is built upon [[Divine]] testimony, even the [[Spirit]] of [[God]].
----
'''Chapter''' 4
''Chapter Outline''
Believers cautioned against giving heed to every one that pretends to the [[Spirit]].
(1-6)
Brotherly [[love]] enforced.
(7-21)
'''Verses''' 1-6
[[Christians]] who are well acquainted with the Scriptures, may, in humble dependence on [[Divine]] teaching, discern those who set forth doctrines according to the apostles, and those who contradict them. The sum of revealed [[religion]] is in the doctrine concerning [[Christ]], his person and office. The false teachers spake of the [[world]] according to its maxims and tastes, so as not to offend carnal men. The [[world]] approved them, they made rapid progress, and had many followers such as themselves; the [[world]] will [[love]] its own, and its own will [[love]] it. The true doctrine as to the [[Saviour]]'s person, as leading men from the [[world]] to [[God]], is a mark of the spirit of truth in opposition to the spirit of error. The more pure and holy any doctrine is, the more likely to be of [[God]]; nor can we by any other rules try the spirits whether they are of [[God]] or not. And what wonder is it, that people of a worldly spirit should cleave to those who are like themselves, and suit their schemes and discourses to their corrupt taste?
'''Verses''' 7-13
The [[Spirit]] of [[God]] is the [[Spirit]] of love. He that does not [[love]] the image of [[God]] in his people, has no saving knowledge of [[God]]. For it is [[God]]'s nature to be kind, and to give happiness. The law of [[God]] is love; and all would have been perfectly happy, had all obeyed it. The provision of the [[gospel]], for the [[forgiveness]] of [[sin]], and the [[salvation]] of sinners, consistently with [[God]]'s [[glory]] and justice, shows that [[God]] is love. Mystery and darkness rest upon many things yet. [[God]] has so shown himself to be love, that we cannot come short of eternal happiness, unless through unbelief and impenitence, although strict justice would condemn us to hopeless misery, because we break our Creator's laws. None of our words or thoughts can do justice to the free, astonishing [[love]] of a holy [[God]] towards sinners, who could not profit or harm him, whom he might justly crush in a moment, and whose deserving of his vengeance was shown in the method by which they were saved, though he could by his almighty Word have created other worlds, with more perfect beings, if he had seen fit. Search we the whole uniVerse for [[love]] in its most glorious displays? It is to be found in the person and the cross of [[Christ]]. Does [[love]] exist between [[God]] and sinners? Here was the origin, not that we loved [[God]], but that he freely loved us. His [[love]] could not be designed to be fruitless upon us, and when its proper end and issue are gained and produced, it may be said to be perfected. So [[faith]] is perfected by its works. Thus it will appear that [[God]] dwells in us by his new-creating Spirit. A loving [[Christian]] is a perfect [[Christian]]; set him to any good duty, and he is perfect to it, he is expert at it. Love oils the wheels of his affections, and sets him on that which is helpful to his brethren. A man that goes about a business with ill will, always does it badly. That [[God]] dwells in us and we in him, were words too high for mortals to use, had not [[God]] put them before us. But how may it be known whether the testimony to this does proceed from the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]]? Those who are truly persuaded that they are the sons of [[God]], cannot but call him Abba, Father. From [[love]] to him, they hate [[sin]], and whatever disagrees with his will, and they have a sound and hearty desire to do his will. Such testimony is the testimony of the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]].
'''Verses''' 14-21
The Father sent the Son, he willed his coming into this world. The apostle attests this. And whosoever shall confess that [[Jesus]] is the Son of [[God]], [[God]] dwelleth in him, and he in [[God]]. This confession includes [[faith]] in the [[heart]] as the foundation; makes acknowledgment with the mouth to the [[glory]] of [[God]] and [[Christ]], and profession in the life and conduct, against the flatteries and frowns of the world. There must be a day of universal judgment. Happy those who shall have holy boldness before the Judge at that day; knowing he is their Friend and Advocate! Happy those who have holy boldness in the prospect of that day, who look and wait for it, and for the Judge's appearance! True [[love]] to [[God]] assures [[believer]]s of [[God]]'s [[love]] to them. Love teaches us to suffer for him and with him; therefore we may [[trust]] that we shall also be glorified with him, 2Ti 2:12. We must distinguish between the [[fear]] of [[God]] and being afraid of him; the [[fear]] of [[God]] imports high regard and veneration for [[God]]. Obedience and good works, done from the principle of love, are not like the servile toil of one who unwillingly labours from dread of a master's anger. They are like that of a dutiful child, who does services to a beloved father, which benefit his brethren, and are done willingly. It is a sign that our [[love]] is far from perfect, when our doubts, fears, and apprehensions of [[God]], are many. Let heaven and earth stand amazed at his love. He sent his word to invite sinners to partake of this great [[salvation]]. Let them take the comfort of the happy change wrought in them, while they give him the glory. The love of [[God]] in [[Christ]], in the hearts of [[Christians]] from the [[Spirit]] of adoption, is the great proof of conversion. This must be tried by its effects on their temper, and their conduct to their brethren. If a man professes to [[love]] [[God]], and yet indulges [[anger]] or revenge, or shows a selfish disposition, he gives his profession the lie. But if it is plain that our natural enmity is changed into affection and gratitude, let us bless the name of our [[God]] for this seal and earnest of eternal happiness. Then we differ from the false professors, who pretend to [[love]] [[God]], whom they have not seen, yet hate their brethren, whom they have seen.
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'''Chapter''' 5
''Chapter Outline''
Brotherly [[love]] is the effect of the new birth, which makes obedience to all [[God]]'s [[commandments]] pleasant.
(1-5)
Reference to witnesses agreeing to prove that [[Jesus]], the Son of [[God]], is the true [[Messiah]].
(6-8)
The satisfaction the [[believer]] has about [[Christ]], and [[eternal life]] through him.
(9-12)
The assurance of [[God]]'s hearing and answering [[prayer]].
(13-17)
The happy condition of true [[believer]]s, and a charge to renounce all [[idolatry]].
(18-21)
'''Verses''' 1-5
True [[love]] for the people of [[God]], may be distinguished from natural kindness or party attachments, by its being united with the [[love]] of [[God]], and obedience to his commands. The same [[Holy Spirit]] that taught the love, will have taught obedience also; and that man cannot truly [[love]] the [[children]] of [[God]], who, by habit, commits [[sin]] or neglects known duty. As [[God]]'s commands are holy, just, and good rules of liberty and happiness, so those who are born of [[God]] and [[love]] him, do not count them grievous, but lament that they cannot serve him more perfectly. Self-denial is required, but true [[Christians]] have a principle which carries them above all hinderances. Though the conflict often is sharp, and the regenerate may be cast down, yet he will rise up and renew his combat with resolution. But all, except [[believer]]s in [[Christ]], are enslaved in some respect or other, to the customs, opinions, or interests of the world. Faith is the cause of victory, the means, the instrument, the spiritual armour by which we overcome. In and by faith we cleave to [[Christ]], in contempt of, and in opposition to the world. Faith sanctifies the heart, and purifies it from those sensual lusts by which the [[world]] obtains sway and dominion over souls. It has the indwelling [[Spirit]] of grace, which is greater than he who dwells in the world. The real [[Christian]] overcomes the [[world]] by faith; he sees, in and by the life and conduct of the [[Lord]] [[Jesus]] on earth, that this [[world]] is to be renounced and overcome. He cannot be satisfied with this world, but looks beyond it, and is still tending, striving, and pressing toward heaven. We must all, after [[Christ]]'s example, overcome the world, or it will overcome us to our ruin.
'''Verses''' 6-8
We are inwardly and outwardly defiled; inwardly, by the power and pollution of [[sin]] in our nature. For our cleansing there is in and by [[Jesus Christ|Christ Jesus]], the washing of regeneration and the renewing of the Holy Ghost. Some think that the two sacraments are here meant: baptism with water, as the outward sign of regeneration, and purifying from the pollution of [[sin]] by the [[Holy Spirit]]; and the [[Lord]]'s supper, as the outward sign of the shedding [[Christ]]'s blood, and the receiving him by [[faith]] for [[pardon]] and justification. Both these ways of cleansing were represented in the old ceremonial sacrifices and cleansings. This water and blood include all that is necessary to our [[salvation]]. By the water, our souls are washed and purified for heaven and the habitation of saints in light. By the blood, we are justified, reconciled, and presented righteous to [[God]]. By the blood, the curse of the law being satisfied, the purifying [[Spirit]] is obtained for the internal cleansing of our natures. The water, as well as the blood, came out of the side of the sacrificed [[Redeemer]]. He loved the [[church]], and gave himself for it, that he might sanctify and cleanse it with the washing of water by the word; that he might present it to himself a glorious [[church]], Eph 5:25-27. This was done in and by the [[Spirit]] of [[God]], according to the [[Saviour]]'s declaration. He is the [[Spirit]] of [[God]], and cannot lie. Three had borne witness to these doctrines concerning the person and the [[salvation]] of [[Christ]]. The Father, repeatedly, by a voice from heaven declared that [[Jesus]] was his beloved Son. The Word declared that He and the Father were One, and that whoever had seen him had seen the Father. And the [[Holy Spirit|Holy Ghost]], who descended from heaven and rested on [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] at his baptism; who had borne witness to Him by all the prophets; and gave testimony to his resurrection and mediatorial office, by the gift of miraculous powers to the apostles. But whether this passage be cited or not, the doctrine of the Trinity in Unity stands equally firm and certain. To the doctrine taught by the apostles, respecting the person and [[salvation]] of [[Christ]], there were three testimonies. 1. The Holy Spirit. We come into the [[world]] with a corrupt, carnal disposition, which is enmity to [[God]]. This being done away by the regeneration and new-creating of souls by the [[Holy Spirit]], is a testimony to the [[Saviour]]. 2. The water: this sets forth the [[Saviour]]'s purity and purifying power. The actual and active purity and [[holiness]] of his disciples are represented by baptism. 3. The blood which he shed: and this was our ransom, this testifies for [[Jesus]] Christ; it sealed up and finished the sacrifices of the Old Testament. The benefits procured by his blood, prove that he is the [[Saviour]] of the world. No wonder if he that rejects this evidence is judged a blasphemer of the [[Spirit]] of [[God]]. These three witnesses are for one and the same purpose; they agree in one and the same thing.
'''Verses''' 9-12
Nothing can be more absurd than the conduct of those who doubt as to the truth of [[Christianity]], while in the common affairs of life they do not hesitate to proceed on human testimony, and would deem any one out of his senses who declined to do so. The real [[Christian]] has seen his guilt and misery, and his need of such a [[Saviour]]. He has seen the suitableness of such a [[Saviour]] to all his spiritual wants and circumstances. He has found and felt the power of the word and doctrine of [[Christ]], humbling, healing, quickening, and comforting his soul. He has a new disposition, and new delights, and is not the man that he formerly was. Yet he finds still a conflict with himself, with [[sin]], with the flesh, the world, and wicked powers. But he finds such strength from [[faith]] in [[Christ]], that he can overcome the world, and travel on towards a better. Such assurance has the [[gospel]] [[believer]]: he has a witness in himself, which puts the matter out of doubt with him, except in hours of darkness or conflict; but he cannot be argued out of his belief in the leading truths of the [[gospel]]. Here is what makes the unbeliever's [[sin]] so awful; the [[sin]] of unbelief. He gives [[God]] the lie; because he believes not the record that [[God]] gave of his Son. It is in vain for a man to plead that he believes the testimony of [[God]] in other things, while he rejects it in this. He that refuses to [[trust]] and honour [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] as the Son of [[God]], who disdains to submit to his teaching as Prophet, to rely on his atonement and intercession as High Priest, or to obey him as King, is dead in [[sin]], under condemnation; nor will any outward morality, learning, forms, notions, or confidences avail him.
'''Verses''' 13-17
Upon all this evidence, it is but right that we believe on the name of the Son of [[God]]. Believers have [[eternal life]] in the covenant of the [[gospel]]. Then let us thankfully receive the record of Scripture. Always abounding in the work of the [[Lord]], knowing that our labour is not in vain in the [[Lord]]. The [[Lord]] [[Christ|Jesus Christ]] invites us to come to him in all circumstances, with our supplications and requests, notwithstanding the [[sin]] that besets us. Our [[prayer]]s must always be offered in submission to the will of [[God]]. In some things they are speedily answered; in others they are granted in the best manner, though not as requested. We ought to pray for others, as well as for ourselves. There are sins that war against spiritual life in the soul, and the life above. We cannot pray that the sins of the impenitent and unbelieving should, while they are such, be forgiven them; or that [[mercy]], which supposes the forgiveness of sins, should be granted to them, while they wilfully continue such. But we may pray for their repentance, for their being enriched with [[faith]] in [[Christ]], and thereupon for all other saving mercies. We should pray for others, as well as for ourselves, beseeching the [[Lord]] to [[pardon]] and recover the fallen, as well as to relieve the tempted and afflicted. And let us be truly thankful that no [[sin]], of which any one truly repents, is unto death.
'''Verses''' 18-21
All mankind are divided into two parties or dominions; that which belongs to [[God]], and that which belongs to the wicked one. True [[believer]]s belong to [[God]]: they are of [[God]], and from him, and to him, and for him; while the rest, by far the greater number, are in the power of the wicked one; they do his works, and support his cause. This general declaration includes all unbelievers, whatever their profession, station, or situation, or by whatever name they may be called. The Son leads [[believer]]s to the Father, and they are in the [[love]] and favour of both; in union with both, by the indwelling and working of the Holy Spirit. Happy are those to whom it is given to know that the Son of [[God]] is come, and to have a [[heart]] to [[trust]] in and rely on him that is true! May this be our privilege; we shall thus be kept from all [[idols]] and false doctrines, and from the idolatrous [[love]] of worldly objects, and be kept by the power of [[God]], through faith, unto eternal [[salvation]]. To this living and true [[God]], be [[glory]] and dominion for ever and ever. [[Text:EBD:Amen|Amen]].
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[[Category:MHC Concise Bible Commentary|First Epistle of John]]