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[[Image:saint-martin-luther.jpg|thumb|150px|<center>Saint Martin Luther|right]]
Born at Eisleben in Thüringe, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prussian_Saxony Saxony], Luther attended school at Mansfeld, at Magdeburg under the Brethren of the Common Life, and at Eisleben. He then went to university at [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erfurt_University Erfurt ] (1501), where he came under [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominalist Nominalist] influence and learned [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek Greek], graduating [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts B.A. ] in 1502 and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_of_Arts_%28postgraduate%29 M.A. ] in 1505. He had intended to study [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law law], but due to a narrow escape from death by lightning, he changed his mind and in spite of his father’s objections became an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augustinian_monk Augustinian monk ] in 1506.In the Erfurt monastery he did further [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theological theological ] study, was made a priest in 1507, and with his transfer to Wittenberg in 1508 read for the B.D. (1509) and began to teach moral theology, the Sentences of Peter Lombard, and the holy Scriptures. A visit to Rome on Augustinian business (1510–1511) opened his eyes to the corruption prevalent among the higher clergy. Returning to Wittenberg he took the degree of D.Th. in 1512 and was appointed to the chair of biblical studies, which he occupied for the rest of his life. He also became sub-prior of the Wittenberg house.
Yet Luther was no academician or theological theorist. His daily job was that of a professor, but he put his learning to work on many practical fronts. Theological and pastoral concern launched him into the attack on indulgences that toppled the medieval system. His linguistic skills produced one of the greatest Bible translations of all time. His combination of biblical knowledge with graphic simplicity of utterance and a vital reality of faith made him no less eminent and effective as a preacher. That he should have such lavish liturgical gifts, as well, seems almost incredible. Behind it all, of course, lay the passionate sincerity of one who had been brought to his thought and mission not by abstract speculation but by the realities of sin, grace, forgiveness, and faith. His written works fill many bulky volumes, but the words are all vibrant and challenging, for they came not merely from the study or podium but from life and action.
Luther did a work that probably no one else in his highly gifted age could have done. He did it because he had the required combination of learning, insight, character, and faith. When under God the hour struck in 1517, the man for the hour was there. The Reformation that had been arrested so long could no longer be delayed.
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