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expanding and clarifying
====[[Theotokos]]====
Theotokos is a Greek word and means "the one who gives birth to God". This doctrine was formulated by the [[Council of Ephesus]] in 431. The title "Mother of God" derives from this doctrine.
====[[Perpetual virginity of Mary]]====
This doctrine asserts that she had no children before Mary stayed virgin during and after the birth of Jesus or after HimChrist. In catholic exegesis the "brothers and sisters" of Jesus which are mentioned in the gospels and the acts are therefore usually seen as cousins.
====[[Immaculate Conception]]====
This doctrine teaches that Mary was born conceived without original sin, and was therefore sinless throughout her life.
====[[Assumption of Mary]]====
This teaches that because of her sinlessness, Mary never experienced a physical death – the result of sin. Instead, she was raised bodily into the presence of Christ. It was promulgated a dogma by Pope [[Pius XII]] in 1950.
====[[Roman Catholicism: Co-Redemptrix]]====
This doctrine holds is controversially discussed inside the church. Pope Benedict XVI as Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger stated that he is against an official proclamation of Mary as Coredemptrix. It is unclear what is meant by this title. Within the obedience and sufferings limits of traditional Catholic doctrine it could mean that Mary were involved through her positive response to God's grace cooperates in securing the full redemption bought brought by Christ.
===Hyperdulia - Special veneration===
===[[Marian apparitions]]===
The Catholic church maintains that on certain occasions and in certain places Mary appears in visions. Such places include Lourdes, Fatima and Guadelupe. A catholic is not held to believe in such apparitions.
==Quotes==
