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: '''*''' Greek scholars recognize that the Greeks pronounced this as "ι pronounced with rounded-lips", a sound that does not occur in English but is common in French "u" and German "ue". For a linguistically up-to-date description of New Testament Greek sounds see the link at the bottom of the section on diphthongs.
| tau || τ || Τ || t || <u>t</u>au
|-
| upsilon || υ || Υ || u || <u>oo</u>ps '''*'''
|-
| phi || φ || Φ || ph || <u>f</u>ather
| omega || ω || Ω || o || <u>o</u>bey
|}
== Diphthongs and ι-subscripts ==
|-
! ΕΙ
| like ι '''*''ei' as in freight (not like identical to 'Η')
|-
! ΟΙ
|-
! ΕΥ
| '''**'''
|}
: '''*''' Most introductory grammars of NT Greek incorrrectly link ει to η. However, phonologists and historians of the Greek language are unanimous that ει was joined in sound to ι before the beginning of the NT era. This is also acknowledged by NT reference grammars like Moulton-Howard-Turner, AT Robertson, and Blass-Debrunner-Funk. This is visible everywhere in old documents, in papyri, in inscriptions, and in all manuscripts of the Greek New Testament. For example, the name Πιλατος was spelled Πειλατος in Westcott-Hort's Greek NT because it is most commonly spelled that way in ancient NT manuscripts. For a linguistically up-to-date survey of Greek sounds in the NT era, see http://www.biblicalulpan.org/pages/Common/Greek%20Pronunciation%20(2008).pdf : '''**''' 'ευ' is both hard and controversial. There is some evidence to suggest that is was pronounced 'ew' (as in "Ew, that's gross!") or simply 'yu'. What has been taught for ages, however, is 'eh-oo', as sound not present in English.
There are also version of several vowels with a small iota underneath (or beside in the case of capitols): ᾼ ᾳ, ῌ ῃ, ῼ ῳ. It is believed that these represent ancient diphthongs, but the pronunciation is not altered in the time of any Greek writing we can know.