Difference between revisions of "Koine Greek: Verbs - Subjunctive"
Graham grove (talk | contribs) |
Graham grove (talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 10: | Line 10: | ||
The '''subjunctive mood''' of a verb in [[Koine Greek]] is the form generally used to express potential or possibility. | The '''subjunctive mood''' of a verb in [[Koine Greek]] is the form generally used to express potential or possibility. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Translation=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | The subjunctive in English is typically translated using the qualifying word "might". For example, "they might destroy" (λυωσιν) is in the subjunctive mood. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Generally | ||
| + | |||
| + | The Present and the Aorist forms of the subjunctive are often translated identically into English. | ||
===Forms=== | ===Forms=== | ||
| Line 27: | Line 35: | ||
* ε becomes η | * ε becomes η | ||
* ο becomes ω | * ο becomes ω | ||
| − | |||
====Present Middle and Passive==== | ====Present Middle and Passive==== | ||
====Aorist Active==== | ====Aorist Active==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | The forms for the ''Aorist Active Subjunctive'' are as follows: | ||
| + | * λυσω - I might destroy | ||
| + | * λυσης - you might destroy | ||
| + | * λυση - he / she / it might destroy | ||
| + | * λυσωμεν - we might destroy | ||
| + | * λυσητε - you might destroy | ||
| + | * λυσωσιν - they might destroy | ||
| + | |||
| + | There is no augment for the Aorist Subjunctive form. | ||
| + | |||
| + | This paradigm has the same endings as the ''Present Active'' form, except the ending is preceded by the characteristic '''σ''' of the Aorist tense. | ||
====Aorist Middle==== | ====Aorist Middle==== | ||
====Aorist Passive==== | ====Aorist Passive==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | The forms for the ''Aorist Passive Subjunctive'' are as follows: | ||
| + | * λυθω - I might be destroyed | ||
| + | * λυθης - you might be destroyed | ||
| + | * λυθη - he / she / it might be destroyed | ||
| + | * λυθωμεν - we might be destroyed | ||
| + | * λυθητε - you might be destroyed | ||
| + | * λυθωσιν - they might be destroyed | ||
| + | |||
| + | Like the other Aorist Subjunctive forms, there is no augment for Aorist Passive Subjunctive verbs. | ||
| + | |||
| + | This paradigm has the same endings as the ''Present Active'' form, except the ending is preceded by the characteristic '''θ''' of Aorist Passive verbs. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Negating subjunctives=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Subjunctives are negated by [[μη]], and not by [[ου]]. | ||
==Quotes== | ==Quotes== | ||
Revision as of 06:01, 30 September 2007
Synopsis: The subjunctive mood of a verb in Koine Greek is the form generally used to express potential or possibility.
Contents
Related topics
Comments, Personal Articles, Studies and Sermons
Koine Greek: Verbs - Subjunctive (discussion) (For short comments and opinions)
Lesson
The subjunctive mood of a verb in Koine Greek is the form generally used to express potential or possibility.
Translation
The subjunctive in English is typically translated using the qualifying word "might". For example, "they might destroy" (λυωσιν) is in the subjunctive mood.
Generally
The Present and the Aorist forms of the subjunctive are often translated identically into English.
Forms
Present Active
The forms for the Present Active Subjunctive are as follows:
- λυω - I might destroy
- λυης - you might destroy
- λυη - he / she / it might destroy
- λυωμεν - we might destroy
- λυητε - you might destroy (plural)
- λυωσιν - they might destroy
This paradigm is similar to the Present Active Indicative form, except that the vowel sounds have generally been lengthened
- ει becomes η (with a ι subscript)
- ε becomes η
- ο becomes ω
Present Middle and Passive
Aorist Active
The forms for the Aorist Active Subjunctive are as follows:
- λυσω - I might destroy
- λυσης - you might destroy
- λυση - he / she / it might destroy
- λυσωμεν - we might destroy
- λυσητε - you might destroy
- λυσωσιν - they might destroy
There is no augment for the Aorist Subjunctive form.
This paradigm has the same endings as the Present Active form, except the ending is preceded by the characteristic σ of the Aorist tense.
Aorist Middle
Aorist Passive
The forms for the Aorist Passive Subjunctive are as follows:
- λυθω - I might be destroyed
- λυθης - you might be destroyed
- λυθη - he / she / it might be destroyed
- λυθωμεν - we might be destroyed
- λυθητε - you might be destroyed
- λυθωσιν - they might be destroyed
Like the other Aorist Subjunctive forms, there is no augment for Aorist Passive Subjunctive verbs.
This paradigm has the same endings as the Present Active form, except the ending is preceded by the characteristic θ of Aorist Passive verbs.
Negating subjunctives
Subjunctives are negated by μη, and not by ου.
Quotes
Links
Return to Koine Greek
